maxscale实现读写分离
一、 maxscale简述
1. maxscale简述
MaxScale是maridb开发的一个mysql数据中间件，其配置简单，能够实现读写分离，并且可以根据主从状态实现写库的自动切换。在MHA架构上，主库宕掉后，其中从库提升为主，maxscale可以自动判断新主库，而使新主库承担写服务，也可实现从库的宕机自动离线恢复后自动上线功能。
2. 目录结构说明
| 目录描述 |
目录名 |
| Maxscale配置文件 |
/etc/maxscale.cnf |
| Maxscale日志文件 |
/var/log/maxscale/ maxscale1.log |
3. MySQL启动用户
root
二、 安装maxscale
1. 将安装包和安装脚本上传到服务器/opt/software下,或者直接下载
# wget https://downloads.mariadb.com/enterprise/t6c0-wrnh/mariadb-maxscale/1.3.0/rhel/7/x86_64/maxscale-1.3.0-1.rhel7.x86_64.rpm
# ls -l
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 39413772 Feb 8 22:11 maxscale-1.3.0-1.rhel7.x86_64.rpm
2. 执行安装命令
# rpm-ivhmaxscale-1.3.0-1.rhel7.x86_64.rpm
1:maxscale-1.3.0-1 ################################# [100%]
三、 修改配置文件并启动
1. 在数据库中创建用户并授予相关权限
mysql>grant select,update,delete,insert on db.* to ‘user’@’%’ identified by‘password’;
mysql>flush privileges;
2. 修改配置文件
/etc/maxscale.cnf
[maxscale]
threads=8
[server1]#MySQL服务器配置
type=server
address=10.11.98.1
port=3306
protocol=MySQLBackend
[server2]
type=server
address=10.11.98.2
port=3306
protocol=MySQLBackend
[server3]
type=server
address=10.11.98.3
port=3306
protocol=MySQLBackend
[MySQLMonitor] #监控配置
type=monitor
module=mysqlmon
servers=server1,server2,server3
user=repl
passwd=repl4slave
monitor_interval=10000
#[Read-OnlyService]
#type=service
#router=readconnroute
#servers=server2,server3
#user=
#passwd=
#router_options=slave
[Read-WriteService] #读写分离配置
type=service
router=readwritesplit
servers=server1,server2,server3
user=masterha
passwd=masterha
max_slave_connections=100%
max_slave_replication_lag=10
[MaxAdminService]
type=service
router=cli
#[Read-OnlyListener]
#type=listener
#service=Read-OnlyService
#protocol=MySQLClient
#port=4008
[Read-WriteListener] #读写分离服务监听配置，端口可改
type=listener
service=Read-WriteService
protocol=MySQLClient
port=4005
[MaxAdminListener]
type=listener
service=MaxAdminService
protocol=maxscaled
port=6603
3. 启动服务
# systemctl start maxscale.service
#检查端口监听状态
# netstat-lntp |grep maxscale
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:6603 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 28352/maxscale
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:4005 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 28352/maxscale
四、 日常维护命令
1. 查看当前服务器
#maxadmin list servers #默认密码为mariadb
Password:
Servers.
-------------------+-----------------+-------+-------------+--------------------
Server | Address | Port | Connections | Status
-------------------+-----------------+-------+-------------+--------------------
server1 | 10.11.98.1 | 3306 | 0 | Master,Running
server2 | 10.11.98.2 | 3306 | 0 | Slave,Running
server3 | 10.11.98.3 | 3306 | 0 | Slave,Running
-------------------+-----------------+-------+-------------+--------------------
2. 查看当前服务
#maxadmin list services
Password:
Services.
--------------------------+----------------------+--------+---------------
ServiceName | Router Module | #Users | Total Sessions
--------------------------+----------------------+--------+---------------
Read-WriteService | readwritesplit | 1 | 8751
MaxAdminService | cli | 2 | 5
--------------------------+----------------------+--------+---------------
3. 查看当前监听端口
#maxadmin list listeners
Password:
Listeners.
---------------------+--------------------+-----------------+-------+--------
ServiceName | Protocol Module | Address | Port | State
---------------------+--------------------+-----------------+-------+--------
Read-WriteService | MySQLClient | * | 4005 | Running
MaxAdminService | maxscaled | * | 6603 | Running
---------------------+--------------------+-----------------+-------+--------
4. 剔除与添加服务器
MaxScale>set server server3 maintenance #设置服务器为维护状态
MaxScale>clear server server3 maintenance #设置服务器上线