并发线程池和阻塞式线程池实现

Executors创建线程池

java的线程池有很多种,最便捷的就是Executors创建线程池,直接指定线程池大小就可以使用了,比如Executors.newFixedThreadPool(int nThreads),但是便捷不仅隐藏了复杂性,也为我们埋下了潜在的隐患(OOM,线程耗尽)。

方法名 功能
newFixedThreadPool(int nThreads) 创建固定大小的线程池
newSingleThreadExecutor() 创建只有一个线程的线程池
newCachedThreadPool() 创建一个不限线程数上限的线程池,任何提交的任务都将立即执行

 

当然了,小程序使用这些快捷方法没什么问题,对于服务端需要长期运行的程序,创建线程池应该直接使用ThreadPoolExecutor的构造方法。没错,上述Executors方法创建的线程池就是ThreadPoolExecutor

ThreadPoolExecutor构造方法

/**
 * 线程池初始化方法
 * 

* corePoolSize 核心线程池大小----10 * maximumPoolSize 最大线程池大小----30 * keepAliveTime 线程池中超过corePoolSize数目的空闲线程最大存活时间----30+单位TimeUnit * TimeUnit keepAliveTime时间单位----TimeUnit.MINUTES * workQueue 阻塞队列----new ArrayBlockingQueue(10)====10容量的阻塞队列 * threadFactory 新建线程工厂----new CustomThreadFactory()====定制的线程工厂 * rejectedExecutionHandler 当提交任务数超过maxmumPoolSize+workQueue之和时, * 即当提交第41个任务时(前面线程都没有执行完,此测试方法中用sleep(100)), * 任务会交给RejectedExecutionHandler来处理 */ ThreadPoolExecutor pool = new ThreadPoolExecutor(10, 30, 30, TimeUnit.MINUTES, new ArrayBlockingQueue(10), new CustomThreadFactory(), new CustomRejectedExecutionHandler());

 

可以向线程池提交的任务有两种:RunnableCallable,二者的区别如下:

  1. 方法签名不同,void Runnable.run()V Callable.call() throws Exception
  2. 是否允许有返回值,Callable允许有返回值
  3. 是否允许抛出异常,Callable允许抛出异常。

Callable是JDK1.5时加入的接口,作为Runnable的一种补充,允许有返回值,允许抛出异常。

 

所以,创建好线程后,然后线程池submit就可以了

 

这里我们定制属于自己的非阻塞线程池

package demo3;

import java.util.concurrent.*;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;

/**
 * 定制属于自己的非阻塞线程池
 */
public class CustomThreadPoolExecutor {
    private ThreadPoolExecutor pool = null;

    /**
     * 线程池初始化方法
     * 

* corePoolSize 核心线程池大小----10 * maximumPoolSize 最大线程池大小----30 * keepAliveTime 线程池中超过corePoolSize数目的空闲线程最大存活时间----30+单位TimeUnit * TimeUnit keepAliveTime时间单位----TimeUnit.MINUTES * workQueue 阻塞队列----new ArrayBlockingQueue(10)====10容量的阻塞队列 * threadFactory 新建线程工厂----new CustomThreadFactory()====定制的线程工厂 * rejectedExecutionHandler 当提交任务数超过maxmumPoolSize+workQueue之和时, * 即当提交第41个任务时(前面线程都没有执行完,此测试方法中用sleep(100)), * 任务会交给RejectedExecutionHandler来处理 */ public void init() { pool = new ThreadPoolExecutor(10, 30, 30, TimeUnit.MINUTES, new ArrayBlockingQueue(10), new CustomThreadFactory(), new CustomRejectedExecutionHandler()); } public void destory() { if (pool != null) { pool.shutdownNow(); } } public ExecutorService getCustomThreadPoolExecutor() { return this.pool; } private class CustomRejectedExecutionHandler implements RejectedExecutionHandler { @Override public void rejectedExecution(Runnable r, ThreadPoolExecutor executor) { //记录异常 System.out.println("error..................."); } } private class CustomThreadFactory implements ThreadFactory { private AtomicInteger count = new AtomicInteger(0); @Override public Thread newThread(Runnable r) { Thread t = new Thread(r); String threadName = CustomThreadPoolExecutor.class.getSimpleName() + count.addAndGet(1); System.out.println(threadName); t.setName(threadName); return t; } } public static void main(String[] args) { CustomThreadPoolExecutor exec = new CustomThreadPoolExecutor(); //1. 初始化 exec.init(); ExecutorService pool = exec.getCustomThreadPoolExecutor(); for (int i = 1; i < 100; i++) { System.out.println("提交第" + i + "个任务"); int finalI = i; pool.execute(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { try { System.out.println(">>>task is running========" + finalI); Thread.sleep(100); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }); } }

 

这种是并发式的线程,添加进去的线程会同步执行,如果要实现一个个执行线程,就要定制属于自己的阻塞线程池

阻塞式的线程池核心是一个队列,当然了,普通线程也是一个队列,但是我们将添加的方式有offer转变为out,线程就只能一个一个执行了,

package demo3;

import java.util.concurrent.*;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;

/**
 * @Author:Zach
 * @Description: 定制属于自己的阻塞线程池
 * @Date:Created in 15:26 2018/8/14
 * @Modified By:
 */
public class CustomUnblockThreadPoolExecutor {
    private ThreadPoolExecutor pool = null;

    /**
     * 线程池初始化方法
     * 

* corePoolSize 核心线程池大小----1 * maximumPoolSize 最大线程池大小----3 * keepAliveTime 线程池中超过corePoolSize数目的空闲线程最大存活时间----30+单位TimeUnit * TimeUnit keepAliveTime时间单位----TimeUnit.MINUTES * workQueue 阻塞队列----new ArrayBlockingQueue(5)==== 5容量的阻塞队列 * threadFactory 新建线程工厂----new CustomThreadFactory()====定制的线程工厂 * rejectedExecutionHandler 当提交任务数超过maxmumPoolSize+workQueue之和时, * 即当提交第9个任务时(前面线程都没有执行完,此测试方法中用sleep(100)), * 任务会交给RejectedExecutionHandler来处理 */ public void init() { pool = new ThreadPoolExecutor(1, 3, 30, TimeUnit.MINUTES, new ArrayBlockingQueue(5), new CustomThreadFactory(), new CustomRejectedExecutionHandler()); } public void destory() { if (pool != null) { pool.shutdownNow(); } } public ExecutorService getCustomThreadPoolExecutor() { return this.pool; } private class CustomRejectedExecutionHandler implements RejectedExecutionHandler { @Override public void rejectedExecution(Runnable r, ThreadPoolExecutor executor) { //核心改造点,由blockingqueue的offer改成put阻塞方法 try { executor.getQueue().put(r); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } private class CustomThreadFactory implements ThreadFactory { private AtomicInteger count = new AtomicInteger(0); @Override public Thread newThread(Runnable r) { Thread t = new Thread(r); String threadName = CustomUnblockThreadPoolExecutor.class.getSimpleName() + count.addAndGet(1); System.out.println(threadName); t.setName(threadName); return t; } } public static void main(String[] args) { CustomUnblockThreadPoolExecutor exec = new CustomUnblockThreadPoolExecutor(); //1. 初始化 exec.init(); ExecutorService pool = exec.getCustomThreadPoolExecutor(); for (int i = 1; i < 100; i++) { System.out.println("提交第" + i + "个任务"); pool.execute(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { try { System.out.println(">>>task is running========"); TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(10); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }); } }

 

 

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