Android 获取地理位置的经度和纬度

 http://blog.csdn.net/yyywyr/article/details/39063181

 在Android应用程序中，可以使用LocationManager来获取移动设备所在的地理位置信息。看如下实例：新建android应用程序TestLocation。

1、activity_main.xml布局文件

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    >

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/positionView"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        />

LinearLayout>

    用于显示获取到的位置信息。

2、MainActivity.Java

package com.example.testlocation;

import java.util.List;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.location.Location;
import android.location.LocationListener;
import android.location.LocationManager;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    private TextView postionView;

    private LocationManager locationManager;
    private String locationProvider;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        //获取显示地理位置信息的TextView
        postionView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.positionView);
        //获取地理位置管理器
        locationManager = (LocationManager) getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE);
        //获取所有可用的位置提供器
        List providers = locationManager.getProviders(true);
        if(providers.contains(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER)){
            //如果是GPS
            locationProvider = LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER;
        }else if(providers.contains(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER)){
            //如果是Network
            locationProvider = LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER;
        }else{
            Toast.makeText(this, "没有可用的位置提供器", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            return ;
        }
        //获取Location
        Location location = locationManager.getLastKnownLocation(locationProvider);
        if(location!=null){
            //不为空,显示地理位置经纬度
            showLocation(location);
        }
        //监视地理位置变化
        locationManager.requestLocationUpdates(locationProvider, 3000, 1, locationListener);

    }

    /**
     * 显示地理位置经度和纬度信息
     * @param location
     */
    private void showLocation(Location location){
        String locationStr = "维度：" + location.getLatitude() +"\n"
                + "经度：" + location.getLongitude();
        postionView.setText(locationStr);
    }

    /**
     * LocationListern监听器
     * 参数：地理位置提供器、监听位置变化的时间间隔、位置变化的距离间隔、LocationListener监听器
     */

    LocationListener locationListener =  new LocationListener() {

        @Override
        public void onStatusChanged(String provider, int status, Bundle arg2) {

        }

        @Override
        public void onProviderEnabled(String provider) {

        }

        @Override
        public void onProviderDisabled(String provider) {

        }

        @Override
        public void onLocationChanged(Location location) {
            //如果位置发生变化,重新显示
            showLocation(location);

        }
    };

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        if(locationManager!=null){
            //移除监听器
            locationManager.removeUpdates(locationListener);
        }
    }
    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
        return true;
    }

}

package com.example.testlocation;

import java.util.List;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.location.Location;
import android.location.LocationListener;
import android.location.LocationManager;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
	
	private TextView postionView;
	
	private LocationManager locationManager;
	private String locationProvider;
	
	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
		
		//获取显示地理位置信息的TextView
		postionView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.positionView);
		//获取地理位置管理器
		locationManager = (LocationManager) getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE);
		//获取所有可用的位置提供器
		List providers = locationManager.getProviders(true);
		if(providers.contains(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER)){
			//如果是GPS
			locationProvider = LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER;
		}else if(providers.contains(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER)){
			//如果是Network
			locationProvider = LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER;
		}else{
			Toast.makeText(this, "没有可用的位置提供器", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
			return ;
		}
		//获取Location
		Location location = locationManager.getLastKnownLocation(locationProvider);
		if(location!=null){
			//不为空,显示地理位置经纬度
			showLocation(location);
		}
		//监视地理位置变化
		locationManager.requestLocationUpdates(locationProvider, 3000, 1, locationListener);
		
	}
	
	/**
	 * 显示地理位置经度和纬度信息
	 * @param location
	 */
	private void showLocation(Location location){
		String locationStr = "维度：" + location.getLatitude() +"\n" 
				+ "经度：" + location.getLongitude();
		postionView.setText(locationStr);
	}
	
	/**
	 * LocationListern监听器
	 * 参数：地理位置提供器、监听位置变化的时间间隔、位置变化的距离间隔、LocationListener监听器
	 */
	
	LocationListener locationListener =  new LocationListener() {
		
		@Override
		public void onStatusChanged(String provider, int status, Bundle arg2) {
			
		}
		
		@Override
		public void onProviderEnabled(String provider) {
			
		}
		
		@Override
		public void onProviderDisabled(String provider) {
			
		}
		
		@Override
		public void onLocationChanged(Location location) {
			//如果位置发生变化,重新显示
			showLocation(location);
			
		}
	};
	
	@Override
	protected void onDestroy() {
		super.onDestroy();
		if(locationManager!=null){
			//移除监听器
			locationManager.removeUpdates(locationListener);
		}
	}
	@Override
	public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
		// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
		getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
		return true;
	}

}

   从上面可以看出，获取地理位置信息主要分如下步骤：

   （1）获取LocationManager实例，通过getSystemService方法，传入Context.LOCATION_SERVICE参数。

   （2）获取可用的位置提供器，有GPS_PROVIDER、NETWORK_PROVIDER、PASSIVE_PROVIDER三种，前两种比较常用。

   （3）将（2）获取到的位置提供器传入LocationManager的方法getLastKnownLocation，即可获取Location信息。

    如果移动设备地理位置不断发生变化，则实时更新需要进行如下步骤：

   （4）调用LocationManager的requestLocationUpdates方法，第一个参数是位置提供器，第二个参数是监听位置变化的时间间隔（毫秒），第三个参数是监听位置变化的距             离间隔（米），第四个参数是LocationListener监听器

    （5）当位置发生变化后，就会调用监听器的onLocationChanged方法。

    （6）为了省电，节约资源，当程序关闭后，调用LocationManager的removeUpdates方法移除监听器。

3、获取权限

    修改AndroidManifest.xml，添加如下代码：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION"/>
   <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />
   <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION"/>

4、效果

   使用模拟器进行测试：点击send

                                                                                                                           

   可以使用Geocoding API查找具体对应的位置。如下：

（1）修改MainActivity.java

package com.example.testlocation;

import java.util.List;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.json.JSONArray;
import org.json.JSONObject;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.location.Location;
import android.location.LocationListener;
import android.location.LocationManager;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    private TextView postionView;

    private LocationManager locationManager;
    private String locationProvider;

    public static final int SHOW_LOCATION = 0;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        //获取显示地理位置信息的TextView
        postionView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.positionView);
        //获取地理位置管理器
        locationManager = (LocationManager) getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE);
        //获取所有可用的位置提供器
        List providers = locationManager.getProviders(true);
        if(providers.contains(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER)){
            //如果是GPS
            locationProvider = LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER;
        }else if(providers.contains(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER)){
            //如果是Network
            locationProvider = LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER;
        }else{
            Toast.makeText(this, "没有可用的位置提供器", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            return ;
        }
        //获取Location
        Location location = locationManager.getLastKnownLocation(locationProvider);

        if(location!=null){
            //不为空,显示地理位置经纬度

            showLocation(location);
        }else{
            Toast.makeText(this, "location为空", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
        //监视地理位置变化
        locationManager.requestLocationUpdates(locationProvider, 3000, 1, locationListener);

    }

    private Handler handler = new Handler(){
        public void handleMessage(Message msg){
            switch(msg.what){
            case SHOW_LOCATION:
                String position = (String) msg.obj;
                postionView.setText(position);
                break;
            default:
                break;
            }
        }
    };
    /**
     * 显示地理位置经度和纬度信息
     * @param location
     */
    private void showLocation(final Location location){
        /*String locationStr = "维度：" + location.getLatitude() +"\n"
                + "经度：" + location.getLongitude();
        postionView.setText(locationStr);*/
        new Thread(new Runnable() {

            @Override
            public void run() {
                try{
                    //组装反向地理编码的接口位置
                    StringBuilder url = new StringBuilder();
                    url.append("http://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?latlng=");
                    url.append(location.getLatitude()).append(",");
                    url.append(location.getLongitude());
                    url.append("&sensor=false");
                    HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
                    HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url.toString());
                    httpGet.addHeader("Accept-Language","zh-CN");
                    HttpResponse response = client.execute(httpGet);
                    if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200){
                        HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
                        String res = EntityUtils.toString(entity);
                        //解析
                        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(res);
                        //获取results节点下的位置信息
                        JSONArray resultArray = jsonObject.getJSONArray("results");
                        if(resultArray.length() > 0){
                            JSONObject obj = resultArray.getJSONObject(0);
                            //取出格式化后的位置数据
                            String address = obj.getString("formatted_address");

                            Message msg = new Message();
                            msg.what = SHOW_LOCATION;
                            msg.obj = address;
                            handler.sendMessage(msg);
                        }
                    }
                }catch(Exception e){
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }).start();
    }

    /**
     * LocationListern监听器
     * 参数：地理位置提供器、监听位置变化的时间间隔、位置变化的距离间隔、LocationListener监听器
     */

    LocationListener locationListener =  new LocationListener() {

        @Override
        public void onStatusChanged(String provider, int status, Bundle arg2) {

        }

        @Override
        public void onProviderEnabled(String provider) {

        }

        @Override
        public void onProviderDisabled(String provider) {

        }

        @Override
        public void onLocationChanged(Location location) {
            //如果位置发生变化,重新显示
            showLocation(location);

        }
    };

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        if(locationManager!=null){
            //移除监听器
            locationManager.removeUpdates(locationListener);
        }
    }
    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
        return true;
    }

}

package com.example.testlocation;

import java.util.List;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.json.JSONArray;
import org.json.JSONObject;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.location.Location;
import android.location.LocationListener;
import android.location.LocationManager;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
	
	private TextView postionView;
	
	private LocationManager locationManager;
	private String locationProvider;
	
	public static final int SHOW_LOCATION = 0;
	
	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
		
		//获取显示地理位置信息的TextView
		postionView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.positionView);
		//获取地理位置管理器
		locationManager = (LocationManager) getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE);
		//获取所有可用的位置提供器
		List providers = locationManager.getProviders(true);
		if(providers.contains(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER)){
			//如果是GPS
			locationProvider = LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER;
		}else if(providers.contains(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER)){
			//如果是Network
			locationProvider = LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER;
		}else{
			Toast.makeText(this, "没有可用的位置提供器", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
			return ;
		}
		//获取Location
		Location location = locationManager.getLastKnownLocation(locationProvider);
		
		if(location!=null){
			//不为空,显示地理位置经纬度
			
			showLocation(location);
		}else{
			Toast.makeText(this, "location为空", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
		}
		//监视地理位置变化
		locationManager.requestLocationUpdates(locationProvider, 3000, 1, locationListener);
		
	}
	
	private Handler handler = new Handler(){
		public void handleMessage(Message msg){
			switch(msg.what){
			case SHOW_LOCATION:
				String position = (String) msg.obj;
				postionView.setText(position);
				break;
			default:
				break;
			}
		}
	};
	/**
	 * 显示地理位置经度和纬度信息
	 * @param location
	 */
	private void showLocation(final Location location){
		/*String locationStr = "维度：" + location.getLatitude() +"\n" 
				+ "经度：" + location.getLongitude();
		postionView.setText(locationStr);*/
		new Thread(new Runnable() {
			
			@Override
			public void run() {
				try{
					//组装反向地理编码的接口位置
					StringBuilder url = new StringBuilder();
					url.append("http://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?latlng=");
					url.append(location.getLatitude()).append(",");
					url.append(location.getLongitude());
					url.append("&sensor=false");
					HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
					HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url.toString());
					httpGet.addHeader("Accept-Language","zh-CN");
					HttpResponse response = client.execute(httpGet);
					if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200){
						HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
						String res = EntityUtils.toString(entity);
						//解析
						JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(res);
						//获取results节点下的位置信息
						JSONArray resultArray = jsonObject.getJSONArray("results");
						if(resultArray.length() > 0){
							JSONObject obj = resultArray.getJSONObject(0);
							//取出格式化后的位置数据
							String address = obj.getString("formatted_address");
							
							Message msg = new Message();
							msg.what = SHOW_LOCATION;
							msg.obj = address;
							handler.sendMessage(msg);
						}
					}
				}catch(Exception e){
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		}).start();
	}
	
	/**
	 * LocationListern监听器
	 * 参数：地理位置提供器、监听位置变化的时间间隔、位置变化的距离间隔、LocationListener监听器
	 */
	
	LocationListener locationListener =  new LocationListener() {
		
		@Override
		public void onStatusChanged(String provider, int status, Bundle arg2) {
			
		}
		
		@Override
		public void onProviderEnabled(String provider) {
			
		}
		
		@Override
		public void onProviderDisabled(String provider) {
			
		}
		
		@Override
		public void onLocationChanged(Location location) {
			//如果位置发生变化,重新显示
			showLocation(location);
			
		}
	};
	
	@Override
	protected void onDestroy() {
		super.onDestroy();
		if(locationManager!=null){
			//移除监听器
			locationManager.removeUpdates(locationListener);
		}
	}
	@Override
	public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
		// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
		getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
		return true;
	}

}

（2）修改AndroidManifest.xml

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION"/>
 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />
 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION"/>
 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>