CentOS7安装vncserver（启动失败及连接黑屏解决办法）

一.安装

1. 以root用户运行以下命令来安装vncserver;

   yum install tigervnc-server 

2. 同样运行以下命令来安装vncviewer;

   yum install vnc

3. 停止并禁用防火墙；

   systemctl stop firewalld.service

   systemctl disable firewalld.service

二.配置

1. vncviewer基本上不用配置；

2. vncserver的配置，创建一个新的配置文件，以开启1号窗口为例（也可以同时开启多个窗口，修改数字即可），方法如下：

   cp /lib/systemd/system/[email protected] /lib/systemd/system/vncserver@:1.service

   或者再增加一个窗口：

   cp /lib/systemd/system/[email protected] /lib/systemd/system/vncserver@:2.service

3. 编辑/lib/systemd/system/vncserver@:1.service,设置用户root相关参数,最终内容如下：

[Unit]
Description=Remote desktop service (VNC)
After=syslog.target network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
# Clean any existing files in /tmp/.X11-unix environment
ExecStartPre= /bin/sh  -c  '/usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i > /dev/null 2>&1 || :'
ExecStart= /sbin/runuser  -l root -c  "/usr/bin/vncserver %i"
PIDFile= /root/ .vnc/%H%i.pid
ExecStop= /bin/sh  -c  '/usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i > /dev/null 2>&1 || :'

1.设置为非root用户报错：

[root@localhost system]# systemctl status -l vncserver@:2.service
vncserver@:2.service - Remote desktop service (VNC)
Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/vncserver@:2.service; enabled; vendor preset:
disabled)
Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since 一 2016-04-25 19:07:23 CST; 7s ago
Process: 10305 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/runuser -l fang -c /usr/bin/vncserver %i (code=exited,
status=1/FAILURE)
Process: 10291 ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c /usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i > /dev/null 2>&1 || :
(code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

4月 25 19:07:23 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting Remote desktop service (VNC)...
4月 25 19:07:23 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: vncserver@:2.service: control process
exited, code=exited status=1
4月 25 19:07:23 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Failed to start Remote desktop service
(VNC).
4月 25 19:07:23 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Unit vncserver@:2.service entered failed
state.

4月 25 19:07:23 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: vncserver@:2.service failed.

2.Type=forking报错，改为Type=simple

[root@localhost system]# systemctl start vncserver@:2.service
Job for vncserver@:2.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See
"systemctl status vncserver@:2.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.
[root@localhost system]# systemctl status -l vncserver@:2.service
● vncserver@:2.service - Remote desktop service (VNC)
Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/vncserver@:2.service; enabled; vendor preset:
disabled)
Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since 一 2016-04-25 19:09:41 CST; 6s ago
Process: 12367 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/runuser -l root -c /usr/bin/vncserver %i (code=exited,
status=98)
Process: 12354 ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c /usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i > /dev/null 2>&1 || :
(code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

4月 25 19:09:41 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting Remote desktop service (VNC)...
4月 25 19:09:41 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: vncserver@:2.service: control process
exited, code=exited status=98
4月 25 19:09:41 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Failed to start Remote desktop service
(VNC).
4月 25 19:09:41 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Unit vncserver@:2.service entered failed
state.
4月 25 19:09:41 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: vncserver@:2.service failed.

3.vnc viewer客户端连接黑屏

改变xstartup的权限

这个问题是很多人容易忽视的问题，也是造成连接成功后黑屏的原因之一。

在CentOS中，xstartup的文件路径为：/root/.vnc/ （可以通过locate xstartup来查看xstartup的文件路径）

所以需要执行：chmod 777 /root/.vnc/xstartup

关闭防火墙

systemctl stop firewalld.service #停止
systemctl disable firewalld.service #禁用

三.应用

1. 更新systemctl以使其生效；

   systemctl daemon-reload 

2. 设置vncserver的密码；

    vncpasswd root

   按提示输入密码以及确认密码

3. 启动该服务用来启用vnc的1号窗口；

   systemctl start vncserver@:1.service  或者 vncserver :1

   关闭1号窗口：

   systemctl stop vncserver@:1.service   或者 vncserver -kill :1

4. 设置为开机自动启动；

   systemctl enable vncserver@:1.service

转载自：http://hsuehwee.blog.51cto.com/10114119/1632211