python-unittest模块【单元测试】

OK http://catmic27.blog.51cto.com/2517040/946852

OK http://blog.csdn.net/wh62592855/article/details/6788221

http://pyunit.sourceforge.net/pyunit_cn.html

http://www.cnblogs.com/imouren/archive/2011/08/04/2127997.html

1，Unittest模块简介

unittest是python单元测试框架，又叫做PyUnit。之所以称为框架是它代替开发人员完成了一些调用、IO等与单元测试无直接关系的支撑代码，让开发人员可以专注与测试用例的编写，简化单元测试工作。

2，测试用例1

#FileName: ut_target.py
class EqualToZero(Exception):
    pass
class SplitZero(object):
    def splitzero(self, num):
        if num > 0:
            return "num is bigger than zero"
        elif num < 0:
            return "num is smaller than zero"
        else:
            raise EqualToZero

#FileName: utest.py
from ut_target import SplitZero, EqualToZero
import unittest
 
class SzTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        print "test start"
    def tearDown(self):
        print "test stop"
    def testSzBig(self):
        num = 10
        sz = SplitZero()
        self.assertEqual(sz.splitzero(num),"num is bigger than zero")
    def testSzSmall(self):
        num = -10
        sz = SplitZero()
        self.assertEqual(sz.splitzero(num),"num is smaller than zero")
    def testSzEqual(self):
        num = 0
        sz = SplitZero()
        self.assertRaises(EqualToZero, sz.splitzero, num)
 
if __name__ == "__main__":
    unittest.main()

执行  python utest.py -v

[[email protected]]$python utest.py  -v
testSzBig (__main__.SzTestCase) ... test start
test stop
ok
testSzEqual (__main__.SzTestCase) ... test start
test stop
ok
testSzSmall (__main__.SzTestCase) ... test start
test stop
ok

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 3 tests in 0.000s

OK

3，测试用例2

#Rectangle.py

class Rectangle:
    def __init__(self,length,width):
        self.length = length
        self.width = width

    def girth(self):
        return 2*(self.length+self.width)

    def area(self):
        return self.length*self.width

#pytest.py

from Rectangle import Rectangle
import unittest

class RectangleTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        self.rectangle = Rectangle(10,5)

    def tearDown(self):
        self.rectangle = None

    def testGirth(self):
        self.assertEqual(self.rectangle.girth(), 30)

    def testArea(self):
        self.assertEqual(self.rectangle.area(), 100)

def suite():
    suite = unittest.TestSuite()
    suite.addTest(RectangleTestCase("testGirth"))
    suite.addTest(RectangleTestCase("testArea"))
    return suite

if __name__ == "__main__":
    unittest.TextTestRunner().run(suite())

运行结果如下：

[[email protected]]$python pytest.py -v
.F
======================================================================
FAIL: testArea (__main__.RectangleTestCase)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "pytest.py", line 17, in testArea
    self.assertEqual(self.rectangle.area(), 100)
AssertionError: 50 != 100

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 2 tests in 0.000s

FAILED (failures=1)

4，unittest基本使用方法

1.import unittest
2.定义一个继承自unittest.TestCase的测试用例类
3.定义setUp和tearDown，在每个测试用例前后做一些辅助工作。
4.定义测试用例，名字以test开头。
5.一个测试用例应该只测试一个方面，测试目的和测试内容应很明确。主要是调用assertEqual、assertRaises等断言方法判断程序执行结果和预期值是否相符。
6.调用unittest.main()启动测试
7.如果测试未通过，会输出相应的错误提示。如果测试全部通过则不显示任何东西，这时可以添加-v参数显示详细信息。