Android基于Retrofit2.0+RxJava 封装的超好用的工具类


RetrofitClient

基于Retrofit2.0封装的RetrofitClient.

  • 避免重复创建Retrofit实列.
  • 调用方便简洁.
  • 无需重复设置属性的步骤.
  • 可固定配置 Host 也可动态配置Url、请求头、参数等.
  • 支持文件下载和上传.
  • 支持json形式提交.
  • 支持扩展APIService
  • 统一处理无网络情况,和支持加载进度
  • 结合RxJava
  • 支持缓存机制
  • 优化取消

使用原生的Retrofit请求网络,熟悉的朋友必定了解,在某个ApiServie方法多时 Retrofit设置就显得有点累赘,今天给大家带来对Retrofit的基本封装。这次对Retrofit进阶篇,本次封装已加入RxJava,请在阅读下文前请先了解RXJAVA和本人写的Retrofit系列文章,

  • Retrofit 2.0
    超能实践,完美支持Https传输

  • Retrofit2.0
    完美同步Cookie实现免登录

  • Retrofit 2.0 超能实践,轻松实现多文件/图片上传

基本步骤:

构建Retrofit的接口service.

构建基础拦截器 Interceptor.

构建Cookie管理工具CookieManger.

构建 单列RetrofitClient客户端.

RetrofitClient的使用.

ApiService

请求网络的API接口类,这里你可以增加你需要的请求接口,也可复用已经实现的几个方法。



   /**
* Created by Tamic on 2016-07-08.
*/
 public interface ApiService {

public static final String Base_URL = "http://ip.taobao.com/";
/**
 *普通写法
 */
@GET("service/getIpInfo.php/")
Observable getData(@Query("ip") String ip);


@GET("{url}")
Observable executeGet(
        @Path("url") String url, 
        @QueryMap Map<String, String> maps);


@POST("{url}")
Observable executePost(
        @Path("url") String url,
        @FieldMap Map<String, String> maps);

@Multipart
@POST("{url}")
Observable upLoadFile(
        @Path("url") String url,
        @Part("image\\"; filename=\\"image.jpg") RequestBody avatar);

@POST("{url}")
Call uploadFiles(
        @Url("url") String url,
        @Part("filename") String description,
        @PartMap()  Map<String, RequestBody> maps);

}

上面新增了几个常用的请求方法

第一个只是普通写法的列子, url ,请求头,参数都是写死的。 不建议这么做

第二,三个分别是Get 和POST请求,method Url, headers, body参数都可以动态外部传入。

四 五是单文件/图片和多文件/图片上传

构建基础拦截器

用来设置基础header,这里是通过MAP键值对来构建,将heder加入到Request中。

  /**
 * BaseInterceptor,use set okhttp call header
 * Created by Tamic on 2016-06-30.
*/
public class BaseInterceptor implements Interceptor{

   private Map headers;

   public BaseInterceptor(Map headers) {
      this.headers = headers;
    }

   @Override
   public Response intercept(Chain chain) throws    IOException {

    Request.Builder builder = chain.request()
            .newBuilder();
    if (headers != null && headers.size() > 0) {
        Set keys = headers.keySet();
        for (String headerKey : keys) {
            builder.addHeader(headerKey,   headers.get(headerKey)).build();
        }
    }
    return chain.proceed(builder.build());

 }
}

构建Cookie管理者

用来管理cookie, 储存cookie的store这里不再重复说明,具体列子请见:

public class NovateCookieManger implements CookieJar {

private static final String TAG = "NovateCookieManger";
private static Context mContext;
private static PersistentCookieStore cookieStore;

/**
 * Mandatory constructor for the NovateCookieManger
 */
public NovateCookieManger(Context context) {
    mContext = context;
    if (cookieStore == null) {
        cookieStore = new PersistentCookieStore(mContext);
    }
}

@Override
public void saveFromResponse(HttpUrl url, List cookies) {
    if (cookies != null && cookies.size() > 0) {
        for (Cookie item : cookies) {
            cookieStore.add(url, item);
        }
    }
}

@Override
public List loadForRequest(HttpUrl url) {
    List cookies = cookieStore.get(url);
    return cookies;
}

}

构建RetrofitClient客户端.

今天重要的环节来了,RetrofitClient主要负责创建具体Retrofit,和调度分发请求。设置格式工厂。添加cookie同步,构建OkHttpClient,添加BaseUrl,对加密证书https我没做加入,希望读者参考我的本系列文章自行加入,因为我不喜欢升伸手党。

   /**
 * RetrofitClient
 * Created by Tamic on 2016-06-15.
 */
public class RetrofitClient {

private static final int DEFAULT_TIMEOUT = 5;

private ApiService apiService;

private OkHttpClient okHttpClient;

public static String baseUrl = ApiService.Base_URL;

private static Context mContext;

private static RetrofitClient sNewInstance;
private static class SingletonHolder {
    private static RetrofitClient INSTANCE = new RetrofitClient(
            mContext);
}

public static RetrofitClient getInstance(Context context) {
    if (context != null) {
        Log.v("RetrofitClient", DevUtil.isDebug() + "");
        mContext = context;
    }
    return SingletonHolder.INSTANCE;
}


public static RetrofitClient getInstance(Context context, String url) {
    if (context != null) {
        mContext = context;
    }
    sNewInstance = new RetrofitClient(context, url);
    return sNewInstance;
}

private RetrofitClient(Context context) {

    this(context, null);
}

private RetrofitClient(Context context, String url) {

    if (TextUtils.isEmpty(url)) {
        url = baseUrl;
    }
    okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient.Builder()
            .addNetworkInterceptor(
                    new HttpLoggingInterceptor().setLevel(HttpLoggingInterceptor.Level.HEADERS))
            .cookieJar(new NovateCookieManger(context))
            .addInterceptor(new BaseInterceptor(mContext))
            .connectTimeout(DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
            .build();
    Retrofit retrofit = new Retrofit.Builder()
            .client(okHttpClient)
            .addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create())
            .addCallAdapterFactory(RxJavaCallAdapterFactory.create())
            .baseUrl(url)
            .build();
    apiService = retrofit.create(ApiService.class);
}

public void getData(Subscriber subscriber, String ip) {
    apiService.getData(ip)
            .subscribeOn(Schedulers.io())
            .unsubscribeOn(Schedulers.io())
            .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())
            .subscribe(subscriber);
}

public void get(String url, Map headers, Map parameters, Subscriber subscriber) {
    apiService.executeGet(url, headers, parameters)
            .subscribeOn(Schedulers.io())
            .unsubscribeOn(Schedulers.io())
            .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())
            .subscribe(subscriber);
}

public void post(String url, Map headers, Map parameters, Subscriber subscriber) {
    apiService.executePost(url, headers, parameters)
            .subscribeOn(Schedulers.io())
            .unsubscribeOn(Schedulers.io())
            .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())
            .subscribe(subscriber);
 }

}

细心的朋友已经发现上面代码 在指定生产线程和消费线程的时候,步骤有点麻烦,每个api都得进行指定线程,那么可以利用rxJava的转换器写一个Transformer

Observable.Transformer schedulersTransformer() {
  return new Observable.Transformer() {


  @Override
  public Object call(Object observable) {
   return ((Observable)  observable).subscribeOn(Schedulers.io())
   .unsubscribeOn(Schedulers.io())
   .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread());
   }
   };
}

那么api可以这样优化了:

 public Subscription getData(Subscriber subscriber, String ip) {
   return apiService.getData(ip)
   .compose(schedulersTransformer())
   .subscribe(subscriber);
  }

调用 RetrofitClient

   RetrofitClient.getInstance(this).getData(new Subscriber() {
        @Override
        public void onCompleted() {
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "加载完成", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        }

        @Override
        public void onError(Throwable e) {
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "失败!: " + e.getMessage(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        }

        @Override
        public void onNext(ResponseBody ResponseBody) {
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, ResponseBody.toString(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        }
    }, "21.22.11.33");

代码很简洁,在用到的地方获取单列直接调用你需要的方法,在RxSubscriber回调中处理你的业务逻辑即可,无需考虑是否在主线程,其他调用方法同上。

很多时候BaseApiService无法满足需求时,Retrofit增加了扩展接口 create 来创建你的API,接着调用execute就可以和RxJava关联

           //create  you APiService    
          MyApiService service =                 

         RetrofitClient.getInstance(MainActivity.this).create(MyApiService.class);    
        // execute and add observable    
        RetrofitClient.getInstance(MainActivity.this).execute(            
                                   service.getData("21.22.11.33"), new Subscriber() {                                     

                          @Override                
                           public void onCompleted() {               
                           } 
           
                           @Override                
                           public void onError(Throwable e) {                    
                                  Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, e.getMessage(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();                             
                           }   
         
                          @Override                
                          public void onNext(IpResult responseBody) {    
                                          Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, responseBody.toString(),  Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();                

                        }             
                    });}

取消

 Subscription subscription =   RetrofitClient.getInstance(MainActivity.this)
                    .createBaseApi()
                    .getData(new BaseSubscriber(MainActivity.this) {

                @Override
                public void onError(ResponeThrowable e) {
                    Log.e("Lyk", e.code + " " + e.message);
                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, e.message, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

                }

                @Override
                public void onNext(IpResult responseBody) {
                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, responseBody.toString(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                }
            }, "21.22.11.33");
            
            subscription.unsubscribe();

Rxjava结合Retrofit,如何优雅的取消请求!
优雅的取消请看:http://www.jianshu.com/p/d62962243c33

总结

链接:https://github.com/Tamicer/Novate

来源于:  https://www.jianshu.com/p/29c2a9ac5abf



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