centos7+mysql5.7主从配置、mycat读写分离
本篇文章记录我们主从配置及读写分离配置步骤
主服务器： 114.***.182.128
从服务器： 114.***.182.62 119.***.218.237
前提： 三台服务器mysql5.7已经安装完成
主从配置步骤
1. 主服务器配置
- 新增主从配置
vi /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
#replication
server-id=1
log-bin=mysql-bin.log
read-only = 0 #读写都可以
binlog-do-db = hm_advertise #只复制某个库
binlog-do-db = hm_common
binlog-do-db = hm_num
binlog-do-db = hm_order
binlog-do-db = hm_user
#innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1
#sync_binlog=1
- 配置完成后，重启主库的mysql
service mysqld restart
再登录mysql
mysql -uroot -ptoot
(ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user ‘tkuser’@’%’ (using password: YES)) 如果有类似错误请切换到root用户
给从库mysql用户赋予slave权限（前提：从库有以下用户且有远程权限）
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'mysql237'@'119.3.***.237' identified by 'mysql237'; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'mysql62'@'114.116.***.62' identified by 'mysql62'; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)
查看主库状态
mysql> show master status;
±-----------------±---------±-----------------------------------------------±-----------------±------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
±-----------------±---------±-----------------------------------------------±-----------------±------------------+
| mysql-bin.000026 | 526283 | hm_advertise,hm_common,hm_num,hm_order,hm_user | | |
±-----------------±---------±-----------------------------------------------±-----------------±------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
2.从服务器配置
vi /etc/my.cnf把以下内容粘到mysqld下。 server_id我的两个从数据库一个是2，一个是3，其余都一样。
#replication
server-id = 2
log_bin = mysql-bin.log
replicate-do-db = hm_advertise #只复制某个库
replicate-do-db = hm_common
replicate-do-db = hm_num
replicate-do-db = hm_order
replicate-do-db = hm_user
#replicate-ignore-db=mysql #不复制某个库
- 分别重启mysql
[root@ecs-s6-xlarge-2-win-20191105114342 lib]# service mysql restart
Shutting down MySQL… [ OK ]
Starting MySQL. [ OK ]
登录mysql ,从库设置master
[root@ecs-s6-xlarge-2-win-20191105114342 lib]# mysql -umysql237 -pmysql237
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
mysql> change master to master_host='114.116.***.128', master_user='mysql237' ,master_password='mysql237'' Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.03 sec)
[root@ecs-s6-xlarge-2-win-20191105116655 lib]# mysql -umysql62 -pmysql62
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
mysql> change master to master_host='114.116.***.62', master_user='mysql62' ,master_password='mysql62'' Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.03 sec)
主库dump数据文件
[root@ecs-4c8g /]# mysqldump --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock -h localhost -utkuser -pTk123qwe! --opt -R hm_common > /shareZone/db_bak/hm_common_bak-20191107.sql
找到文件后，发到从库所在服务器，从库分别新建要从主库同步的数据库，然后source刚才的dump文件。
新建数据库我通过navicat已经建好，
mysql> use hm_advertise; Database changed mysql> source /home/db_bak/hm_advertise_bak-20191106.sql;
然后发现数据已经从主库全部过来了。
找到主库现在的位置
mysql> show master status \G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
File: mysql-bin.000026
Position: 1716967
Binlog_Do_DB: hm_advertise,hm_common,hm_num,hm_order,hm_user
Binlog_Ignore_DB:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
从库执行
mysql> change master to master_host = '114.116.***.128',master_user='tkuser',master_password='Tk123qwe!',master_port=3306,master_log_file='mysql-bin.000026',master_log_pos=1716967;\g Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.01 sec)
然后看一下从库状态：
mysql> show slave status \G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 114.116.182.128
Master_User: tkuser
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000026
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1716967
Relay_Log_File: ecs-s6-xlarge-2-win-20191105114342-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 320
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000026
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB: hm_advertise,hm_common,hm_num,hm_order,hm_user
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 1716967
Relay_Log_Space: 556
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1
Master_UUID: 6ad16843-245d-11e9-a4a5-fa163efa5c52
Master_Info_File: /usr/local/mysql/data/master.info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 0
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
Channel_Name:
Master_TLS_Version:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
– ---------------------------------------------至此，主从同步完成----------------------------------------
mycat读写分离配置
下载安装
Mycat下载地址
http://dl.mycat.io/
我下载的是Mycat-server-1.6-RELEASE-20161028204710-linux.tar
安装
解压到/usr/local目录下，即mycat目录
配置mycat Home路径
export MYCAT_HOME=/usr/local/mycat
wq保存后，立即生效: source /etc/profile
配置
- 配置server.xml
[root@ecs-4c8g mycat]# pwd /usr/local/mycat
[root@ecs-4c8g mycat]# vi conf/server.xml
mycat
advertise,common,num,order,user
说明：name mycat连接账号相当于mysql的账号；schemas 中的advertise，common等是我要进行读写分离的罗辑库
- 配置schema.xml
[root@ecs-4c8g mycat]# vim conf/schema.xml
select user()
配置的各个标签属性，可以参考 https://blog.csdn.net/qq_34457768/article/details/81625758
配置完成后，重启mycat
[root@ecs-4c8g bin]# pwd
/usr/local/mycat/bin
[root@ecs-4c8g bin]# ./mycat restart
mycat内部端口号是 9066，可以登录查看读写分离情况
[root@ecs-4c8g ~]# mysql -umycat -pmycat -P9066 -h127.0.0.1
mysql> show @@datasource;
+--------------+--------+-------+-----------------+------+------+--------+------+------+---------+-----------+------------+
| DATANODE | NAME | TYPE | HOST | PORT | W/R | ACTIVE | IDLE | SIZE | EXECUTE | READ_LOAD | WRITE_LOAD |
+--------------+--------+-------+-----------------+------+------+--------+------+------+---------+-----------+------------+
| dn_advertise | hostM1 | mysql | 114.116.182.128 | 3306 | W | 0 | 1 | 1000 | 50 | 0 | 0 |
| dn_advertise | hostM2 | mysql | 114.116.182.62 | 3306 | W | 0 | 11 | 1000 | 125 | 22 | 42 |
| dn_advertise | hostM3 | mysql | 119.3.218.237 | 3306 | W | 0 | 1 | 1000 | 50 | 0 | 0 |
| dn_user | hostM1 | mysql | 114.116.182.128 | 3306 | W | 0 | 1 | 1000 | 50 | 0 | 0 |
| dn_user | hostM2 | mysql | 114.116.182.62 | 3306 | W | 0 | 11 | 1000 | 125 | 22 | 42 |
| dn_user | hostM3 | mysql | 119.3.218.237 | 3306 | W | 0 | 1 | 1000 | 50 | 0 | 0 |
| dn_order | hostM1 | mysql | 114.116.182.128 | 3306 | W | 0 | 1 | 1000 | 50 | 0 | 0 |
| dn_order | hostM2 | mysql | 114.116.182.62 | 3306 | W | 0 | 11 | 1000 | 125 | 22 | 42 |
| dn_order | hostM3 | mysql | 119.3.218.237 | 3306 | W | 0 | 1 | 1000 | 50 | 0 | 0 |
| dn_common | hostM1 | mysql | 114.116.182.128 | 3306 | W | 0 | 1 | 1000 | 50 | 0 | 0 |
| dn_common | hostM2 | mysql | 114.116.182.62 | 3306 | W | 0 | 11 | 1000 | 125 | 22 | 42 |
| dn_common | hostM3 | mysql | 119.3.218.237 | 3306 | W | 0 | 1 | 1000 | 50 | 0 | 0 |
| dn_num | hostM1 | mysql | 114.116.182.128 | 3306 | W | 0 | 1 | 1000 | 50 | 0 | 0 |
| dn_num | hostM2 | mysql | 114.116.182.62 | 3306 | W | 0 | 11 | 1000 | 125 | 22 | 42 |
| dn_num | hostM3 | mysql | 119.3.218.237 | 3306 | W | 0 | 1 | 1000 | 50 | 0 | 0 |
+--------------+--------+-------+-----------------+------+------+--------+------+------+---------+-----------+------------+
15 rows in set (0.00 sec)
备注：
我的switchType设置的是2 ，
如果Master1宕机，读写操作全部切换到Master2，此时读操作也不会发往Slave
修复Master1并启动，Master1从Master2同步数据，Master3从Master1同步数据，读数据发往Master1及Master3。
这种情况能够完美保障读数据的准确性，但在Master1修复之前，Master2压力会比较大，因为Master3全不可读。
Master1启动后，Master1和Master3需要重新执行
change master to master_host = ‘114.116.***.128’,master_user=‘tkuser’,master_password=‘Tk123qwe!’,master_port=3306,master_log_file=‘mysql-bin.000023’,master_log_pos=523859;\g
（这里的master是master1），然后又开始正常的读写分离和主从同步了。