Python学习笔记-Django实现简单增删改查

开发环境：

Eclipse 版本 luna

PyDev  版本 PyDev 2.8.2

Django 版本 Django-1.6.2

1、新建一个Django项目，采用默认的SQLite数据库，然后新建一个Application，在settings.py文件中可以看到

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'blog',
]

2、修改models.py、views.py文件

from django.db import models
from django.contrib import admin

class Author(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length = 80)
    age = models.IntegerField(blank = True, null = True)
    sex = models.CharField(max_length = 10)
    email = models.EmailField()
    
    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.name

class Article(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length = 200)
    content = models.TextField()
    attach = models.FileField(upload_to = "datasite/blog/file/")
    pub_time = models.DateTimeField('PUB_TIME')
    author = models.ForeignKey(Author)
    
    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.title
    
class ArticleComment(models.Model):
    content = models.TextField()
    pub_time = models.DateTimeField('PUB_TIME')
    author = models.ForeignKey(Author)
    article = models.ForeignKey(Article)
    
    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.content
    
class ArticleAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display = ('title', 'content', 'attach', 'pub_time') 
    
class AuthorAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display = ('name', 'age', 'sex', 'email')

admin.site.register(Article, ArticleAdmin) 
admin.site.register(Author, AuthorAdmin)

from django.template import loader, Context, RequestContext
from django.http import HttpResponse, HttpResponseRedirect  
from blog.models import Author, Article  
from django.shortcuts import render_to_response
  
def authorList(request):
    author_list = Author.objects.all()
    return render_to_response('author_list.html', 
        {'author_list' : author_list}, context_instance=RequestContext(request))

def articleList(request):
    article_list = Article.objects.all()
    return render_to_response('article_list.html', 
        {'article_list' : article_list}, context_instance=RequestContext(request))

def article(request, aid):
    print 'article_id %s' %aid
    article = Article.objects.get(id = aid)
    return render_to_response('article.html', 
        {'article' : article}, context_instance=RequestContext(request))

def articleUpdate(request, aid):
    article = Article.objects.get(id = aid)
    if request.POST.has_key('title'):
        article.title =  request.POST['title']
    if request.POST.has_key('content'):
        article.content = request.POST['content']
    article.save()
    return HttpResponseRedirect('/blog/')
    
def articleDelete(request, aid):
    print 'article_id %s' %aid
    article = Article.objects.get(id = aid)
    article.delete()
    return HttpResponseRedirect('/blog/')

3、修改urls.py文件

from blog.views import *

admin.autodiscover()

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
    url(r'^blog/$', articleList),  
    url(r'^blog/(?P\d+)/$', article),  
    url(r'^blog/(?P\d+)/u/$', articleUpdate),  
    url(r'^blog/(?P\d+)/d/$', articleDelete),  
]

4、新增HTML文件

base.html

  
  
  
datasite.com
  
{% block content %}  
{% endblock %}  
  

article_list.html

{% extends "base.html" %} 

{% block content %}

Articles
 


	{% for article in article_list %}
	
	{% endfor %}

	

		
Title
		
Content
		
Pub_Time
		
Author
		
Operation
	

		
{{article.title}}
		
{{article.content}}
		
{{article.pub_time}}
		
{{article.author.name}}
		

			Detail
			Delete
		
	

{% endblock %} 

article.html

{% extends "base.html" %} 

{% block content %} 
Article
 

Title : {{article.title}}
Content : {{article.content}}
PubTime : {{article.pub_time}}
Attach : {{article.attach}}
Author : {{article.author.name}}


	{% csrf_token %}
	

		

			
id
			

				
			
		
		

			
title
			

				
			
		
		

			
content
			

									{{article.content}}
				
			
		
		

			
author
			

				
				
			
		
		

			

			
			

			
			
		
	


{% endblock %}

5、运行Django项目

可以在http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin/blog/article/下做新增操作

可以在http://127.0.0.1:8000/blog/下做查看、修改、删除操作

注意事项：

Django 表单提交出现 CSRF verification failed. Request aborted

第一种解决方法在表单里加上{% csrf_token %}就行了。

第二种解决方法是在Settings里的MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES增加配置：

'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',

'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfResponseMiddleware',

第三种方法在view里面强制使用RequestContext 代替Context

每个view 后都添加 context_instance=RequestContext(request)

Django提交表单提示"You called this URL via POST, but the URL doesn't end in a slash and you have APPEND_SLASH set

表单action字段没有以 '/' 结尾

讲action 修改为 action="/a/b/"即可修复

用post方法去取form表单的值在取值前，先得判断是否存在这个key

request.POST.has_key('')

在view 中通过HttpResponseRedirect 实现 redirect