这几天在写tif图像的程序,需要用libtiff读取tif图像(当然用OpenCV的imread和GDAL会更加方便),
点击下载libtiff
Demo程序如下:
int TestTIFFDemo()
{
//打开图像
char* fileName = "D:/Image/Color/Beauty.tif";
//char* fileName = "D:/Image/Projects/ShipImage/01001.tif";
//char *fileName = "D:/Image/Color/Example400.tif";
TIFF* tiff =TIFFOpen( fileName, "r");//打开Tiff文件,得到指针,以后所有的操作都通过指针进行
//获取图像参数
int width, height;
TIFFGetField(tiff, TIFFTAG_IMAGEWIDTH, &width);
TIFFGetField(tiff, TIFFTAG_IMAGELENGTH, &height);
//读取图像
//注意:TIFFReadRGBAImage读取的通道顺序为:ABGR
uint32* image;
int pixelCount = width*height;
image = (uint32*)malloc(pixelCount * sizeof (uint32));
TIFFReadRGBAImage(tiff, width, height, image, 1);
//读取R通道
//由于tiff格式的图像数据与bmp图存储方式一致,是从下到上,所以读的时候,需要从下往上读
BYTE* RImage = new BYTE[pixelCount]; //为存放数据分配内存空间
uint32 *rowPointerToSrc = image + (height - 1)*width;
BYTE *rowPointerToR = RImage;
for (int y = height - 1; y >= 0; --y)
{
uint32 *colPointerToSrc = rowPointerToSrc;
BYTE *colPointerToR = rowPointerToR;
for (int x = 0; x <= width - 1; ++x)
{
colPointerToR[0] = (BYTE)TIFFGetR(colPointerToSrc[0]);//获取R通道
//TIFFGetB(colPointerToSrc[0]);//获取B通道
//TIFFGetG(colPointerToSrc[0]);//获取G通道
colPointerToR++;
colPointerToSrc++;
}
rowPointerToSrc -= width;
rowPointerToR += width;
}
//调试
//这里使用了OpenCV
Mat RImage_Mat(height, width, CV_8UC1, RImage, width);
imwrite("D:/111.bmp", RImage_Mat);
//释放空间
_TIFFfree(image);
_TIFFfree(RImage);
TIFFClose(tiff);
return 0;
}
到网上找了下解决方案,都没有解决,最后,在OpenCV源码中找到了解决方案
修改后的程序如下:
//警告处理
static int grfmt_tiff_err_handler_init = 0;
static void GrFmtSilentTIFFErrorHandler(const char*, const char*, va_list) {}
int TestTIFFDemo()
{
//警告处理:防止出现unknown field with tag 33500 encountered警告
if (!grfmt_tiff_err_handler_init)
{
grfmt_tiff_err_handler_init = 1;
TIFFSetErrorHandler(GrFmtSilentTIFFErrorHandler);
TIFFSetWarningHandler(GrFmtSilentTIFFErrorHandler);
}
//打开图像
char* fileName = "D:/Image/Color/Beauty.tif";
//char* fileName = "D:/Image/Projects/ShipImage/01001.tif";
//char *fileName = "D:/Image/Color/Example400.tif";
TIFF* tiff =TIFFOpen( fileName, "r");//打开Tiff文件,得到指针,以后所有的操作都通过指针进行
//获取图像参数
int width, height;
TIFFGetField(tiff, TIFFTAG_IMAGEWIDTH, &width);
TIFFGetField(tiff, TIFFTAG_IMAGELENGTH, &height);
//读取图像
//注意:TIFFReadRGBAImage读取的通道顺序为:ABGR
uint32* image;
int pixelCount = width*height;
image = (uint32*)malloc(pixelCount * sizeof (uint32));
TIFFReadRGBAImage(tiff, width, height, image, 1);
//读取R通道
//由于tiff格式的图像数据与bmp图存储方式一致,是从下到上,所以读的时候,需要从下往上读
BYTE* RImage = new BYTE[pixelCount]; //为存放数据分配内存空间
uint32 *rowPointerToSrc = image + (height - 1)*width;
BYTE *rowPointerToR = RImage;
for (int y = height - 1; y >= 0; --y)
{
uint32 *colPointerToSrc = rowPointerToSrc;
BYTE *colPointerToR = rowPointerToR;
for (int x = 0; x <= width - 1; ++x)
{
colPointerToR[0] = (BYTE)TIFFGetR(colPointerToSrc[0]);//获取R通道
//TIFFGetB(colPointerToSrc[0]);//获取B通道
//TIFFGetG(colPointerToSrc[0]);//获取G通道
colPointerToR++;
colPointerToSrc++;
}
rowPointerToSrc -= width;
rowPointerToR += width;
}
//调试
//这里使用了OpenCV
Mat RImage_Mat(height, width, CV_8UC1, RImage, width);
imwrite("D:/111.bmp", RImage_Mat);
//释放空间
_TIFFfree(image);
_TIFFfree(RImage);
TIFFClose(tiff);
return 0;
}
结果图
原来是需要加入一个警告处理。
注意:
1、由于tiff格式的图像数据与bmp图存储方式一致,是从下到上,所以读的时候,需要从下往上读,否则图像会出错
2、 image = (uint32*)malloc(pixelCount * sizeof (uint32)); 如果需要申请的图像内存比较大,可以通过修改VS属性的办法申请大内存:properties->Linker->System->Heap Reserve Size
这里顺便贴出tiff的OpenCV的源码:
源码在sources\modules\imgcodecs\src\中的grfmt_tiff.hpp和grfmt_tiff.cpp中
相关源码如下:
//tif图像解码器(grfmt_tiff.hpp)
class TiffDecoder : public BaseImageDecoder
{
public:
TiffDecoder();
virtual ~TiffDecoder();
bool readHeader();
bool readData( Mat& img );
void close();
bool nextPage();
size_t signatureLength() const;
bool checkSignature( const String& signature ) const;
ImageDecoder newDecoder() const;
protected:
void* m_tif;
int normalizeChannelsNumber(int channels) const;
bool readHdrData(Mat& img);
bool m_hdr;
};
其部分实现(grfmt_tiff.cpp)
#include "tiff.h"
#include "tiffio.h"
static int grfmt_tiff_err_handler_init = 0;
static void GrFmtSilentTIFFErrorHandler( const char*, const char*, va_list ) {}
TiffDecoder::TiffDecoder()
{
m_tif = 0;
//警告处理:防止出现unknown field with tag 33500 encountered警告
if( !grfmt_tiff_err_handler_init )
{
grfmt_tiff_err_handler_init = 1;
TIFFSetErrorHandler( GrFmtSilentTIFFErrorHandler );
TIFFSetWarningHandler( GrFmtSilentTIFFErrorHandler );
}
m_hdr = false;
}
void TiffDecoder::close()
{
if( m_tif )
{
TIFF* tif = (TIFF*)m_tif;
TIFFClose( tif );
m_tif = 0;
}
}
TiffDecoder::~TiffDecoder()
{
close();
}
size_t TiffDecoder::signatureLength() const
{
return 4;
}
bool TiffDecoder::checkSignature( const String& signature ) const
{
return signature.size() >= 4 &&
(memcmp(signature.c_str(), fmtSignTiffII, 4) == 0 ||
memcmp(signature.c_str(), fmtSignTiffMM, 4) == 0);
}
int TiffDecoder::normalizeChannelsNumber(int channels) const
{
return channels > 4 ? 4 : channels;
}
ImageDecoder TiffDecoder::newDecoder() const
{
return makePtr();
}
//读取文件头
bool TiffDecoder::readHeader()
{
bool result = false;
TIFF* tif = static_cast(m_tif);
if (!m_tif)
{
// TIFFOpen() mode flags are different to fopen(). A 'b' in mode "rb" has no effect when reading.
// http://www.remotesensing.org/libtiff/man/TIFFOpen.3tiff.html
//打开tif文件
tif = TIFFOpen(m_filename.c_str(), "r");
}
if( tif )
{
uint32 wdth = 0, hght = 0;
uint16 photometric = 0;
m_tif = tif;
//获取属性
if( TIFFGetField( tif, TIFFTAG_IMAGEWIDTH, &wdth ) &&
TIFFGetField( tif, TIFFTAG_IMAGELENGTH, &hght ) &&
TIFFGetField( tif, TIFFTAG_PHOTOMETRIC, &photometric ))
{
uint16 bpp=8, ncn = photometric > 1 ? 3 : 1;
TIFFGetField( tif, TIFFTAG_BITSPERSAMPLE, &bpp );
TIFFGetField( tif, TIFFTAG_SAMPLESPERPIXEL, &ncn );
m_width = wdth;
m_height = hght;
if((bpp == 32 && ncn == 3) || photometric == PHOTOMETRIC_LOGLUV)
{
m_type = CV_32FC3;
m_hdr = true;
return true;
}
m_hdr = false;
if( bpp > 8 &&
((photometric != 2 && photometric != 1) ||
(ncn != 1 && ncn != 3 && ncn != 4)))
bpp = 8;
int wanted_channels = normalizeChannelsNumber(ncn);
switch(bpp)
{
case 8:
m_type = CV_MAKETYPE(CV_8U, photometric > 1 ? wanted_channels : 1);
break;
case 16:
m_type = CV_MAKETYPE(CV_16U, photometric > 1 ? wanted_channels : 1);
break;
case 32:
m_type = CV_MAKETYPE(CV_32F, photometric > 1 ? 3 : 1);
break;
case 64:
m_type = CV_MAKETYPE(CV_64F, photometric > 1 ? 3 : 1);
break;
default:
result = false;
}
result = true;
}
}
if( !result )
close();
return result;
}
bool TiffDecoder::nextPage()
{
// Prepare the next page, if any.
return m_tif &&
TIFFReadDirectory(static_cast(m_tif)) &&
readHeader();
}
//读取图像数据
bool TiffDecoder::readData( Mat& img )
{
if(m_hdr && img.type() == CV_32FC3)
{
return readHdrData(img);
}
bool result = false;
bool color = img.channels() > 1;
uchar* data = img.ptr();
if( img.depth() != CV_8U && img.depth() != CV_16U && img.depth() != CV_32F && img.depth() != CV_64F )
return false;
//读图像数据
if( m_tif && m_width && m_height )
{
TIFF* tif = (TIFF*)m_tif;
uint32 tile_width0 = m_width, tile_height0 = 0;
int x, y, i;
int is_tiled = TIFFIsTiled(tif);
uint16 photometric;
TIFFGetField( tif, TIFFTAG_PHOTOMETRIC, &photometric );
uint16 bpp = 8, ncn = photometric > 1 ? 3 : 1;
TIFFGetField( tif, TIFFTAG_BITSPERSAMPLE, &bpp );
TIFFGetField( tif, TIFFTAG_SAMPLESPERPIXEL, &ncn );
const int bitsPerByte = 8;
int dst_bpp = (int)(img.elemSize1() * bitsPerByte);
int wanted_channels = normalizeChannelsNumber(img.channels());
if(dst_bpp == 8)
{
char errmsg[1024];
if(!TIFFRGBAImageOK( tif, errmsg ))
{
close();
return false;
}
}
if( (!is_tiled) ||
(is_tiled &&
TIFFGetField( tif, TIFFTAG_TILEWIDTH, &tile_width0 ) &&
TIFFGetField( tif, TIFFTAG_TILELENGTH, &tile_height0 )))
{
if(!is_tiled)
TIFFGetField( tif, TIFFTAG_ROWSPERSTRIP, &tile_height0 );
if( tile_width0 <= 0 )
tile_width0 = m_width;
if( tile_height0 <= 0 )
tile_height0 = m_height;
AutoBuffer _buffer( size_t(8) * tile_height0*tile_width0);
uchar* buffer = _buffer;
ushort* buffer16 = (ushort*)buffer;
float* buffer32 = (float*)buffer;
double* buffer64 = (double*)buffer;
int tileidx = 0;
for( y = 0; y < m_height; y += tile_height0, data += img.step*tile_height0 )
{
int tile_height = tile_height0;
if( y + tile_height > m_height )
tile_height = m_height - y;
for( x = 0; x < m_width; x += tile_width0, tileidx++ )
{
int tile_width = tile_width0, ok;
if( x + tile_width > m_width )
tile_width = m_width - x;
switch(dst_bpp)
{
case 8:
{
uchar * bstart = buffer;
if( !is_tiled )
ok = TIFFReadRGBAStrip( tif, y, (uint32*)buffer );
else
{
ok = TIFFReadRGBATile( tif, x, y, (uint32*)buffer );
//Tiles fill the buffer from the bottom up
bstart += (tile_height0 - tile_height) * tile_width0 * 4;
}
if( !ok )
{
close();
return false;
}
for( i = 0; i < tile_height; i++ )
if( color )
{
if (wanted_channels == 4)
{
icvCvt_BGRA2RGBA_8u_C4R( bstart + i*tile_width0*4, 0,
data + x*4 + img.step*(tile_height - i - 1), 0,
cvSize(tile_width,1) );
}
else
{
icvCvt_BGRA2BGR_8u_C4C3R( bstart + i*tile_width0*4, 0,
data + x*3 + img.step*(tile_height - i - 1), 0,
cvSize(tile_width,1), 2 );
}
}
else
icvCvt_BGRA2Gray_8u_C4C1R( bstart + i*tile_width0*4, 0,
data + x + img.step*(tile_height - i - 1), 0,
cvSize(tile_width,1), 2 );
break;
}
case 16:
{
if( !is_tiled )
ok = (int)TIFFReadEncodedStrip( tif, tileidx, (uint32*)buffer, (tsize_t)-1 ) >= 0;
else
ok = (int)TIFFReadEncodedTile( tif, tileidx, (uint32*)buffer, (tsize_t)-1 ) >= 0;
if( !ok )
{
close();
return false;
}
for( i = 0; i < tile_height; i++ )
{
if( color )
{
if( ncn == 1 )
{
icvCvt_Gray2BGR_16u_C1C3R(buffer16 + i*tile_width0*ncn, 0,
(ushort*)(data + img.step*i) + x*3, 0,
cvSize(tile_width,1) );
}
else if( ncn == 3 )
{
icvCvt_RGB2BGR_16u_C3R(buffer16 + i*tile_width0*ncn, 0,
(ushort*)(data + img.step*i) + x*3, 0,
cvSize(tile_width,1) );
}
else if (ncn == 4)
{
if (wanted_channels == 4)
{
icvCvt_BGRA2RGBA_16u_C4R(buffer16 + i*tile_width0*ncn, 0,
(ushort*)(data + img.step*i) + x * 4, 0,
cvSize(tile_width, 1));
}
else
{
icvCvt_BGRA2BGR_16u_C4C3R(buffer16 + i*tile_width0*ncn, 0,
(ushort*)(data + img.step*i) + x * 3, 0,
cvSize(tile_width, 1), 2);
}
}
else
{
icvCvt_BGRA2BGR_16u_C4C3R(buffer16 + i*tile_width0*ncn, 0,
(ushort*)(data + img.step*i) + x*3, 0,
cvSize(tile_width,1), 2 );
}
}
else
{
if( ncn == 1 )
{
memcpy((ushort*)(data + img.step*i)+x,
buffer16 + i*tile_width0*ncn,
tile_width*sizeof(buffer16[0]));
}
else
{
icvCvt_BGRA2Gray_16u_CnC1R(buffer16 + i*tile_width0*ncn, 0,
(ushort*)(data + img.step*i) + x, 0,
cvSize(tile_width,1), ncn, 2 );
}
}
}
break;
}
case 32:
case 64:
{
if( !is_tiled )
ok = (int)TIFFReadEncodedStrip( tif, tileidx, buffer, (tsize_t)-1 ) >= 0;
else
ok = (int)TIFFReadEncodedTile( tif, tileidx, buffer, (tsize_t)-1 ) >= 0;
if( !ok || ncn != 1 )
{
close();
return false;
}
for( i = 0; i < tile_height; i++ )
{
if(dst_bpp == 32)
{
memcpy((float*)(data + img.step*i)+x,
buffer32 + i*tile_width0*ncn,
tile_width*sizeof(buffer32[0]));
}
else
{
memcpy((double*)(data + img.step*i)+x,
buffer64 + i*tile_width0*ncn,
tile_width*sizeof(buffer64[0]));
}
}
break;
}
default:
{
close();
return false;
}
}
}
}
result = true;
}
}
return result;
}
OpenCV源码真是个好东西,能够从中学习到很多优秀的编程技巧,能够帮助你解决很多问题。