RHEL7和RHEL6的主要变化

RHEL7和RHEL6的主要变化

版本 RHEL7 RHEL6
文件系统 XFS EXT4
内核版本 3.10.x-x系列 2.6.x-x系列
内核名称 Maipo Santiago
发布时间 2014-06-09(3.10.0-123) 2010-11-09(2.6.32-71)
进程名称 systemd init
运行级别 runlevel0.target->poweroff.target runlevel0
runlevel1.target->rescue.target runlevel1
runlevel2.target->multi-user.target runlevel2
runlevel3.target->multi-user.target runlevel3
runlevel4.target->multi-user.target runlevel4
runlevel5.target->graphical.target runlevel5
runlevel6.target->reboot.target runlevel6
/etc/systemd/system/default.target /etc/inittab
主机名称 /etc/hostname /etc/sysconfig/network
最大文件 500TB 16TB
检查工具 xfs.repair e2fsck
启动工具 GRUB2 GRUB0.97
服务启动 Systemd Upstart
服务管理 systemctl enable xxx.service service enable xxx.service
systemctl start xxx.service service start xxx.service
systemctl stop xxx.service service stop xxx.service
systemctl restart xxx.service chkconfig –level 3 5 nfs on
兼容chkconfig,service命令
防火墙 Firewalld兼容Iptables Iptables
网络绑定 Team Driver Bonding
网络时间 Chrony,ntpd ntpd
NFS版本 NFS4.1 支持NFSv3,NFSv4.0,NFSv4.1客户端 NFS4
集群管理工具 Pacemaker Rgmanager
负载均衡工具 Keepalived,HAProxy Rgmanager
桌面环境 GNOME3,KDE4.10 GNOME2
数据库 MariaDB MySQL
RHEL7和RHEL6的管理命令和配置文件的变化
订阅信息 RHEL7 RHEL6
订阅信息工具 subscriptionmanageridentity/ etc/sysconfig/rhn/systemid subscription-manager identity
配置订阅信息 subscription-manager rhn_register rhn_register rhnreg_ks subscription-manager identity
基本配置 RHEL7 RHEL6
GUI配置工具 gnome-control-center system-config-*
网络配置工具 nmcli nmtui nm-connection-editor system-config-network
语言配置工具 localectl system-config-language
时间配置工具 timedatectl date system-config-date date
时间同步 ntpdate /etc/chrony.conf ntpdate /etc/ntp.conf
键盘配置 localectl system-config-keyboard
服务管理 RHEL7 RHEL6
服务列表 systemctl -at servicels /{usr/lib,etc}/systemd/system/*.service chkconfig ls /etc/init.d/
服务启动 systemctl start name.service service name start
服务停止 systemctl stop name.service service name stop
服务查看 systemctl status name.service service name status
服务重启 systemctl restart name.service service name restart
服务开机自启 systemctl enable name.service chkconfig name on
服务开机不自启 systemctl disable name.service chkconfig name off
添加服务 systemctl daemon-reload achkconfig –add
服务列表查看 systemctl -t service –state=active service –status-all
查看运行级别 systemctl get-default runlevel
修改运行级别 systemctl isolate name.target init runlevel init runlevel
日志文件 /etc/rsyslog.conf ,/etc/rsyslog.d/*.conf ,/var/log/journal/,/etc/systemd/journald.conf /etc/rsyslog.conf
查看日志文件 /var/log/ /var/log/journalctl
内核硬件 RHEL7 RHEL6
启动提示符 append rd.break or init=/bin/bash to kernel cmdline append 1 or s or init=/bin/bash to kernel cmdline
关闭系统 systemctl shutdown shutdown
关闭电源 systemctl poweroff poweroff
挂起系统 systemctl halt halt
重启系统 systemctl reboot reboot
修改运行级别 systemctl set-default /etc/inittab
配置GRUB /etc/default/grub,grub2-mkconfig,grub-set-default /boot/grub/grub.conf
软件管理 RHEL7 RHEL6
安装软件包 yum install, yum group install yum install, yum groupinstall
查看软件包 yum info,yum group info yum info,yum groupinfo
文件系统 RHEL7 RHEL6
建立文件系统 fdisk, parted ,gdisk fdisk ,parted
LVM管理 vgextend lvextend xfs_growfs vgextend lvextend resize2fs
网络接口配置 RHEL7 RHEL6
配置名称 /etc/hosts,/etc/resolv.conf,nmcli,conmod /etc/hosts,/etc/resolv.conf
主机名称配置 /etc/hostname,hostnamectl,nmcli /etc/sysconfig/network
Ip地址配置 ip addr,nmcli dev, show ,teamdctl ,brctl ,bridge ip add,ifconfig,brctl
配置防火墙 firewall-cmd,firewall-config iptables&ip6tables,/etc/sysconfig/ip*tables,system-config-firewall
查看端口命令 ss,lsof netstat,ss,lsof

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