1.JSON的序列化和反序列化
首先要先添加引用:
代码如下
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using Newtonsoft.Json;
namespace PlayJSON
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
List list = new List() { new StuInfo{StuName="张三",StuSex="男",StuAge=11},
new StuInfo{StuName="李四",StuSex="男",StuAge=32},
new StuInfo{StuName="王翠花",StuSex="女",StuAge=64}
};
string jsonStr = JavaScriptConvert.SerializeObject(list); //将对象转换成json存储
Console.WriteLine("JSON字符串"+jsonStr);
Console.ReadLine();
List newList = new List();
newList = (List)JavaScriptConvert.DeserializeObject(jsonStr,typeof(List)); //反序列化
//StuInfo s = new StuInfo() { StuName = "阿龙", StuSex = "男", StuAge = 33 };
//string sigleJSON = JavaScriptConvert.SerializeObject(s);
//StuInfo newS = (StuInfo)JavaScriptConvert.DeserializeObject(sigleJSON);
//Console.WriteLine("姓名:" + newS.StuName + "---性别:" + newS.StuSex + "--年龄:" + newS.StuAge + "\n\n");
foreach (StuInfo item in newList)
{
Console.WriteLine("姓名:" + item.StuName + "---性别:" + item.StuSex + "--年龄:" + item.StuAge + "\n\n");
}
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
public class StuInfo
{
public string StuName { set; get; }
public string StuSex { set; get; }
public int StuAge { set; get; }
}
}
2.在web中
首先添加一个一般处理文件 Handler1.ashx:用来返回一个json
///
/// Handler1 的摘要说明
///
public class Handler1 : IHttpHandler
{
public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context)
{
context.Response.ContentType = "application/json";
List list = new List() { new StuInfo{StuName="张三",StuSex="男",StuAge=11},
new StuInfo{StuName="李四",StuSex="男",StuAge=32},
new StuInfo{StuName="王翠花",StuSex="女",StuAge=64}
};
string jsonStr = JavaScriptConvert.SerializeObject(list);
context.Response.Write(jsonStr);
context.Response.End();
}
public bool IsReusable
{
get
{
return false;
}
}
}
public class StuInfo
{
public string StuName { set; get; }
public string StuSex { set; get; }
public int StuAge { set; get; }
}
JSON
现在经常会用到json,因此经常会需要对其进行序列化和反序列化。,.NET Framewok 3.5也提供了JSON对象序列化和反序列化的类,这就是System.Runtime.Serialization.Json 命名空间下的 DataContractJsonSerializer 类。利用这个类,可以实现JSON对象的序列化和反序列化。
现在我提供一个类JSON对象序列化和反序列化的类供参考用:
///
/// JSON帮助类。用于将对象转换为Json格式的字符串,或者将Json的字符串转化为对象。
///
public static class JsonHelper
{
///
/// 将对象转化为Json字符串
///
/// 源类型
/// 源类型实例
/// Json字符串
public static string GetJsonFromObj(T obj)
{
DataContractJsonSerializer jsonSerializer = new DataContractJsonSerializer(obj.GetType());
using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())
{
jsonSerializer.WriteObject(ms, obj);
return Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ms.ToArray());
}
}
///
/// 将Json字符串转化为对象
///
/// 目标类型
/// Json字符串
/// 目标类型的一个实例
public static T GetObjFromJson(string strJson)
{
T obj = Activator.CreateInstance();
using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(strJson)))
{
DataContractJsonSerializer jsonSerializer = new DataContractJsonSerializer(obj.GetType());
return (T)jsonSerializer.ReadObject(ms);
}
}
///
/// 将DataTable转换为JSON字符串
///
/// 数据表
/// JSON字符串
public static string GetJsonFromDataTable(DataTable dt)
{
StringBuilder JsonString = new StringBuilder();
if (dt != null && dt.Rows.Count > 0)
{
JsonString.Append("{ ");
JsonString.Append("\"TableInfo\":[ ");
for (int i = 0; i < dt.Rows.Count; i++)
{
JsonString.Append("{ ");
for (int j = 0; j < dt.Columns.Count; j++)
{
if (j < dt.Columns.Count - 1)
{
JsonString.Append("\"" + dt.Columns[j].ColumnName.ToString() + "\":" + "\"" + dt.Rows[i][j].ToString() + "\",");
}
else if (j == dt.Columns.Count - 1)
{
JsonString.Append("\"" + dt.Columns[j].ColumnName.ToString() + "\":" + "\"" + dt.Rows[i][j].ToString() + "\"");
}
}
if (i == dt.Rows.Count - 1)
{
JsonString.Append("} ");
}
else
{
JsonString.Append("}, ");
}
}
JsonString.Append("]}");
return JsonString.ToString();
}
else
{
return null;
}
}
///
/// 将对象转化为Json字符串
///
/// 源对象
/// json数据
public static string ObjToJson(this object obj)
{
JavaScriptSerializer serialize = new JavaScriptSerializer();
return serialize.Serialize(obj);
}
///
/// 将Json字符串转化为对象
///
/// Json字符串
/// 目标对象
public static T JsonToObj(string strJson)
{
JavaScriptSerializer serialize = new JavaScriptSerializer();
return serialize.Deserialize(strJson);
}
///
/// 将对象转化为Json字符串(控制深度 )
///
/// 源对象
/// 深度
/// json数据
public static string ObjToJson(this object obj, int recursionDepth)
{
JavaScriptSerializer serialize = new JavaScriptSerializer();
serialize.RecursionLimit = recursionDepth;
return serialize.Serialize(obj);
}
///
/// 将Json字符串转化为对象(控制深度 )
///
/// Json字符串
/// 深度
/// 目标对象
public static T JsonToObj(string strJson, int recursionDepth)
{
JavaScriptSerializer serialize = new JavaScriptSerializer();
serialize.RecursionLimit = recursionDepth;
return serialize.Deserialize(strJson);
}
///
/// 将DataTable转换为JSON字符串
///
/// DataTable
/// json数据
public static string DataTableToJson(DataTable dt)
{
Dictionary dic = new Dictionary();
int index = 0;
foreach (DataRow dr in dt.Rows)
{
Dictionary result = new Dictionary();
foreach (DataColumn dc in dt.Columns)
{
result.Add(dc.ColumnName, dr[dc].ToString());
}
dic.Add(index.ToString(), result);
index++;
}
return ObjToJson(dic);
}
}
使用如下:
public partial class WebForm1 : System.Web.UI.Page
{
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
}
protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//反序列化成对象
String strJson = "{\"Name\":\"Test123\",\"Url\":\"http://www.126.com/\"}";
Person p1 = JsonHelper.GetObjFromJson(strJson);
Response.Write("" + p1.Name + " " + p1.Url);
Person p2 = JsonHelper.JsonToObj(strJson);
Response.Write("" + p2.Name + " " + p2.Url);
}
protected void Button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//对象的序列化
String JSONString = string.Empty;
Person p1 = new Person();
p1.Name = "Test123'\"\n\r\t";
p1.Url = "http://www.126.com/";
JSONString = JsonHelper.GetJsonFromObj(p1);
Response.Write("" + JSONString);
JSONString = JsonHelper.ObjToJson(p1);
Response.Write(" " + JSONString);
}
}
///
/// 类对象需要标记为DataContractAttribute
///
[DataContractAttribute]
class Person
{
//成员需要标记为 DataMember
[DataMember]
public string Name { set; get; }
[DataMember]
public string Url { set; get; }
}
如何将一个字符串转换为JSON对象呢?如果先创建一个类的话,那就太累了。
var o = new
{
a = 1,
b = "Hello, World!",
c = new[] { 1, 2, 3 },
d = new Dictionary
};
var json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(o);
现在json是一个字符串。
第一种做法(匿名类):
var anonymous = new { a = 0, b = String.Empty, c = new int[0], d = new Dictionary
var o2 = JsonConvert.DeserializeAnonymousType(json, anonymous);
Console.WriteLine(o2.b);
Console.WriteLine(o2.c[1]);
第二种做法(匿名类):
var o3 = JsonConvert.DeserializeAnonymousType(json, new { c = new int[0], d = new Dictionary
Console.WriteLine(o3.d["y"]);
DeserializeAnonymousType 只是借助这个匿名对象参数(anonymous) 反射类型而已,也就是说它和反序列化结果并非同一个对象。正如 o3 那样,我们也可以只提取局部信息。
第三种做法(索引器):
实际上,我们也可以直接反序列化为 JObject,然后通过索引器直接访问。JObject、JProperty 等都继承自 JToken,它重载了基元类型转换操作符,我们可以直接得到实际结果。
var o2 = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject(json) as JObject;
Console.WriteLine((int)o2["a"]);
Console.WriteLine((string)o2["b"]);
Console.WriteLine(o2["c"].Values().Count());
Console.WriteLine((int)o2["d"]["y"]);