mac终端下修改MySQL的编码格式--找不到my-default.cnf及my.cnf

转自：http://www.cnblogs.com/gerald-x/p/6913877.html

首先请确认正确安装好MySQL.

　　1- 先配置环境变量path

　　　　1.1 打开终端,输入： cd ~

　　　　　　会进入~文件夹,

　　　　1.2 然后输入：touch .bash_profile

　　　　　　回车执行后,

　　　　1.3 再输入：open -e .bash_profile

　　　　　　会在TextEdit中打开这个文件(如果以前没有配置过环境变量,那么这应该是一个空白文档).

　　　　　　如果有内容,请在结束符前输入,如果没有内容,请直接输入如下语句:

　　　　　　export PATH=${PATH}:/usr/local/mysql/bin

　　　　　　然后,保存,退出TextEdit(一定是退出),关闭终端并退出.

　　　　　　此时应该可以直接用以下语句登入MySQL了

　　　　　　>mysql -uroot -p 

　　　　1.4 关闭MySQL  !!!!(在系统偏好设置里面关闭MySQL)

　　2- 重点来了!!!

　　　　2.1 查看一下support-files文件夹(Finder下"前往文件夹";路径:/usr/local/mysql/support-files)

　　　　　　　　里面有没有my-default.cnf或my.cnf文件...如果有则直接打开添加

　　　　　　在[client] 在下面添加
　　　　　　default-character-set=utf8 默认字符集为utf8 
　　　　　　在[mysqld] 添加 
　　　　　　default-character-set=utf8 默认字符集为utf8 
 　　　　　　init_connect='SET NAMES utf8' （设定连接mysql数据库时使用utf8编码，以让mysql数据库为utf8运行）
　　　　　　修改好后，重新启动mysql查看当前数据编码格式。
 
>show variables like '%char%'; 
+--------------------------+----------------------------+ 
| Variable_name | Value | 
+--------------------------+----------------------------+ 
| character_set_client | utf8 | 
| character_set_connection | utf8 | 
| character_set_database | utf8 | 
| character_set_filesystem | binary | 
| character_set_results | utf8 | 
| character_set_server | utf8 | 
| character_set_system | utf8 | 
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ | 
 +--------------------------+----------------------------+
　　　　若终端出现如上样式则OK了,否则继续往下看:

　　　　2.2 support-files文件夹里面没有my-default.cnf或my.cnf文件,那么就要在/etc下新建my.cnf

　　　　　　$ cd /etc

　　　　　　$ sudo vim my.cnf

　　　　2.3 进行完上步操作后会进入vim模式,此时复制(***文本)的内容粘贴进去,,(不包含   ***文本 );

　　　　2.4 粘贴成功后注意看vim的第一行"#"有没有丢掉(本人就丢过~~哈哈~),都OK的话点esc退出编辑,

　　　　　　:wq!     --保存后强制退出.[附几个编辑命令:dd   删除光标所在行; dw   删除一个字(word); x   删除当前字符].

 

(***文本):

 

# Example MySQL config file for medium systems. 
# 
# This is for a system with little memory (32M - 64M) where MySQL plays 
# an important part, or systems up to 128M where MySQL is used together with 
# other programs (such as a web server) 
# 
# MySQL programs look for option files in a set of 
# locations which depend on the deployment platform. 
# You can copy this option file to one of those 
# locations. For information about these locations, see: 
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/option-files.html 
# 
# In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports. 
# If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program 
# with the "--help" option. 
# The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients 
[client]
default-character-set=utf8
#password = your_password 
port = 3306 
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock 
# Here follows entries for some specific programs 
# The MySQL server 
[mysqld]
character-set-server=utf8
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8
port = 3306 
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock 
skip-external-locking 
key_buffer_size = 16M 
max_allowed_packet = 1M 
table_open_cache = 64 
sort_buffer_size = 512K 
net_buffer_length = 8K 
read_buffer_size = 256K 
read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K 
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M 
character-set-server=utf8 
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8' 
# Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement, 
# if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host. 
# All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes. 
# Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows 
# (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless! 
# 
#skip-networking

# Replication Master Server (default) 
# binary logging is required for replication 
log-bin=mysql-bin

# binary logging format - mixed recommended 
binlog_format=mixed

# required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1 
# defaults to 1 if master-host is not set 
# but will not function as a master if omitted 
server-id = 1

# Replication Slave (comment out master section to use this) 
# 
# To configure this host as a replication slave, you can choose between 
# two methods : 
# 
# 1) Use the CHANGE MASTER TO command (fully described in our manual) - 
# the syntax is: 
# 
# CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=, MASTER_PORT=, 
# MASTER_USER=, MASTER_PASSWORD= ; 
# 
# where you replace , ,  by quoted strings and 
#  by the master's port number (3306 by default). 
# 
# Example: 
# 
# CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='125.564.12.1', MASTER_PORT=3306, 
# MASTER_USER='joe', MASTER_PASSWORD='secret'; 
# 
# OR 
# 
# 2) Set the variables below. However, in case you choose this method, then 
# start replication for the first time (even unsuccessfully, for example 
# if you mistyped the password in master-password and the slave fails to 
# connect), the slave will create a master.info file, and any later 
# change in this file to the variables' values below will be ignored and 
# overridden by the content of the master.info file, unless you shutdown 
# the slave server, delete master.info and restart the slaver server. 
# For that reason, you may want to leave the lines below untouched 
# (commented) and instead use CHANGE MASTER TO (see above) 
# 
# required unique id between 2 and 2^32 - 1 
# (and different from the master) 
# defaults to 2 if master-host is set 
# but will not function as a slave if omitted 
#server-id = 2 
# 
# The replication master for this slave - required 
#master-host =  
# 
# The username the slave will use for authentication when connecting 
# to the master - required 
#master-user =  
# 
# The password the slave will authenticate with when connecting to 
# the master - required 
#master-password =  
# 
# The port the master is listening on. 
# optional - defaults to 3306 
#master-port =  
# 
# binary logging - not required for slaves, but recommended 
#log-bin=mysql-bin

# Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables 
#innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data 
#innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend 
#innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data 
# You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 % 
# of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high 
#innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M 
#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M 
# Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size 
#innodb_log_file_size = 5M 
#innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M 
#innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1 
#innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50

[mysqldump] 
quick 
max_allowed_packet = 16M

[mysql] 
no-auto-rehash 
# Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL 
#safe-updates 
default-character-set=utf8

[myisamchk] 
key_buffer_size = 20M 
sort_buffer_size = 20M 
read_buffer = 2M 
write_buffer = 2M

[mysqlhotcopy] 
interactive-timeout