C++栈的顺序存储和链式存储的实现

栈是最常见的数据结构，其特点是后进先出（Last In First Out)也是链表的特殊形式，所以和链表一样，有两种存储方式，第一是顺序存储的栈，方便快速读写数据，但是栈的长度必须先固定；第二种是链式存储的栈，可以不用定义栈的长度，可以大量插入数据，如果不是物理内存使用完的话，可以存储大量的数据。

首先，顺序存储的栈的实现，代码如下：

#pragma once
#define MAXSIZE 10
template
class OrderStack
{

public:
	OrderStack();
	~OrderStack();
	bool GetTop(EleType& e);
	bool Push(const EleType& e);
	bool Pop(EleType& e);
	void Show()const;
private:
	EleType data[MAXSIZE];
	int top;
	bool Empty()const;
	bool Full()const;
	int StackLength()const;
};

#include "OrderStack.h"
#include 
using namespace std;
template
bool OrderStack::Pop(EleType& e)
{
	if (Empty())
	{
		cout << "The stack is empty!\n";
		return false;
	}
	e = data[top];
	--top;
	return true;
}

template
bool OrderStack::Push(const EleType& e)
{
	if (Full())
	{
		return false;
	}
	++top;
	data[top] = e;
	return true;
}

template
bool OrderStack::GetTop(EleType& e)
{
	if (Empty())
	{
		return false;
	}
	e = data[top];
	return true;
}

template
OrderStack::~OrderStack()
{
	 
}

template
OrderStack::OrderStack() :top(-1)
{

}

template
int OrderStack::StackLength() const
{
	return top + 1;
}

template
bool OrderStack::Full() const
{
	return (top == MAXSIZE - 1);
}

template
bool OrderStack::Empty() const
{
	return (top == -1);
}


template
void OrderStack::Show() const
{
	if (Empty())
	{
		cout << "The stack is Empty!\n";
		return;
	}
	cout << "The stack length is: " << StackLength() << endl;
	cout << "The stack is: ";
	for (int i = top; i >= 0;--i)
	{
		cout << data[i] << " ";
	}
	cout << endl;
}

第二，栈的链式存储，代码如下：

#pragma once
template
class ChainStack
{
public:
	ChainStack();
	~ChainStack();
	bool GetTop(EleType& e);
	bool Push(const EleType& e);
	bool Pop(EleType& e);
	void Show()const;
private:
	bool Empty()const;
	//bool Full()const;
	int StackLength()const;
	struct Node
	{
		EleType data;
		Node* next;
		Node(){ next = nullptr; }
	};
	Node* top;
	int length;
};

#include "ChainStack.h"
#include 
using namespace std;



template
int ChainStack::StackLength() const
{
	return length;
}

// template
// bool ChainStack::Full() const
// {
// 
// }

template
bool ChainStack::Empty() const
{
	return (length == 0);
}

template
void ChainStack::Show() const
{
	if (Empty())
	{
		cout << "The stack is empty!\n";
		return;
	}
	cout << "The stack length is " << length << endl;
	cout << "The stack is ";
	Node* temp=top;
	for (int i = 1; i <= length;++i)
	{
		cout << temp->data << " ";
		temp = temp->next;
	}
	cout << endl;
}

template
bool ChainStack::Pop(EleType& e)
{
	if (Empty())
	{
		cout << "The stack is empty!\n";
		return false;
	}
	e = top->data;
	Node* temp = top;
	top = top->next;
	--length;
	delete temp;
	return true;
}

template
bool ChainStack::Push(const EleType& e)
{
	Node* temp = new Node;
	temp->data = e;
	if (Empty())
	{
		top = temp;
	}
	else
	{
		temp->next = top;
		top = temp;
	}
	++length;
	return true;	 
}

template
bool ChainStack::GetTop(EleType& e)
{
	if (Empty())
	{
		cout << "The stack is empty!\n";
		return false;
	}
	e = top->data;
	return true;
}

template
ChainStack::~ChainStack()
{
	Node* temp = top;
	while (top)
	{
		temp = top;
		top = temp->next;
		delete temp;
	}

}

template
ChainStack::ChainStack() :length(0), top(nullptr)
{

}