目录
环境搭建
测试
总结
今天继续给大家分享一下阿里的分布式事务中间件seata的使用,跟上篇文章《springboot研究十:springboot多数据源整合分布式事务中间件seata》不一样的是,上篇文章是单服务绑定多数据源的分布式情况,而本文基于微服务下每个服务绑定一个数据源的场景,服务之间依靠eureka客户端feign进行通信。
注:seata有三种模式,AT模式、TCC模式和saga模式,上篇文章和本篇文章介绍的都是AT模式。感兴趣的同学可以参考官网进行了解这三种模式:
http://seata.io/en-us/docs/dev/mode/at-mode.html
还是先说一下本文使用的实验环境:
springboot:2.1.6.RELEASE
orm框架:mybatis
数据库:mysql
数据库连接池:HikariCP
seata server:1.3.0
springcloud:Greenwich.SR2
整个项目的架构如下:
可以看到,项目中有order-server,account-server,storage-server这3个服务,每个服务绑定自己的数据库。这3个服务都注册到eureka上面,同时也都注册TM到seata-server。seata-server也注册到了eureka上。
首先我们启动eureka,这里监听8889端口,yml文件配置如下:
server:
port: 8889
spring:
application:
name: eureka-server
#Eureka实例名,集群中根据这里相互识别
eureka:
instance:
hostname: localhost
#客户端
client:
#是否开启注册服务,因为这里如果为true表示自己注册自己,而自己就是一个服务注册方,没必要自己注册自己
register-with-eureka: false
#是否拉取服务列表,这里我只提供服务给别的服务。
fetch-registry: false
#注册中心地址
service-url:
defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/
#服务端:
server:
enable-self-preservation: false
接着我们启动seata server,由于seata server也要注册到eureka上面,我们需要修改seata server,把registry.conf文件修改为如下:
registry {
# file 、nacos 、eureka、redis、zk、consul、etcd3、sofa
type = "eureka"
#省略无关的代码
eureka {
#我本地配置的eureka地址
serviceUrl = "http://192.168.59.1:8889/eureka"
application = "seata-server"
weight = "1"
}
#省略其他代码
执行如下命令启动seata server:
./seata-server.sh -p 8091 -h 127.0.0.1 -m file
配置3个微服务,这里我们以order-server为例,先看yml文件,核心配置就是eureka、feign、mybatis和数据源,代码如下:
#配置eureka
eureka:
instance:
hostname: localhost
prefer-ip-address: true
client:
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:8889/eureka/
feign:
hystrix:
enabled: false
client:
config:
default:
connectTimeout: 5000
readTimeout: 10000
logging:
level:
io:
seata: info
#配置mybatis
mybatis:
mapperLocations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
typeAliasesPackage: io.seata.sample.entity
server:
port: 8180
spring:
application:
name: order-server
cloud:
alibaba:
seata:
tx-service-group: my_test_tx_group
#配置数据源
datasource:
driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
password: 123456
jdbcUrl: jdbc:mysql://192.168.59.1:3306/seata_order?useAffectedRows=true&serverTimezone=UTC&characterEncoding=utf-8
username: root
registry.conf文件,最核心的就是type使用eureka,然后配置eureka地址和应用名称,部分代码如下:
registry {
# file 、nacos 、eureka、redis、zk、consul、etcd3、sofa
type = "eureka"
#省略其他代码
eureka {
serviceUrl = "http://localhost:8889/eureka"
application = "order-server"
weight = "1"
}
#省略其他代码
file.conf文件只要改一下service就可以了,里面配置seata server地址,代码如下:
service {
#transaction service group mapping
vgroupMapping.my_test_tx_group = "seata-server"
#only support when registry.type=file, please don't set multiple addresses
default.grouplist = "192.168.59.132:8091"
#degrade, current not support
enableDegrade = false
#disable seata
disableGlobalTransaction = false
}
用这种方式配置account-server和storage-server,之后把3个服务都起来,启动成功后,访问eureka页面,地址如下:
http://localhost:8889/
这时我们能看到加上seata server一共4个服务都已经启动成功了,见下图:
下面我贴一下整个项目的sql语句:
#########################seata_order库
use database seata_order;
CREATE TABLE `orders` (
`id` mediumint(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`user_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`product_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`COUNT` int(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '数量',
`pay_amount` decimal(10,2) DEFAULT NULL,
`status` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
`add_time` datetime DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
`last_update_time` datetime DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
#########################seata_pay库
use database seata_pay;
DROP TABLE account;
CREATE TABLE `account` (
`id` BIGINT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'id',
`user_id` BIGINT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户id',
`total` DECIMAL(10,0) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '总额度',
`used` DECIMAL(10,0) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '已用余额',
`balance` DECIMAL(10,0) DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '剩余可用额度',
`last_update_time` DATETIME DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
INSERT INTO `seata_pay`.`account` (`id`, `user_id`, `total`, `used`, `balance`) VALUES ('1', '1', '1000', '0', '100');
#########################seata_storage库
use database seata_storage;
CREATE TABLE `storage` (
`id` BIGINT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`product_id` BIGINT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '产品id',
`total` INT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '总库存',
`used` INT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '已用库存',
`residue` INT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '剩余库存',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
INSERT INTO `seata_storage`.`storage` (`id`, `product_id`, `total`, `used`, `residue`) VALUES ('1', '1', '100', '0', '100');
#########################下面的undo_log表前面三个库都需要创建
CREATE TABLE `undo_log` (
`id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`branch_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
`xid` varchar(100) NOT NULL,
`context` varchar(128) NOT NULL,
`rollback_info` longblob NOT NULL,
`log_status` int(11) NOT NULL,
`log_created` datetime NOT NULL,
`log_modified` datetime NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
UNIQUE KEY `ux_undo_log` (`xid`,`branch_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=14 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
至此,整个环境就搭建完成了,接着我们进行测试。我们先看下account和storage两张表的数据,其他表都是空,如下图:
account表:
storage表:
现在我们开始进行测试,有2个场景,正常commit和场景和异常rollback场景。
我们向order-server发一个post请求,content如下:
{
"userId":1,
"productId":1,
"count":1,
"money":1,
"payAmount":50
}
这时order-server执行成功,日志如下:
2020-08-15 16:31:53.704 INFO 57868 --- [nio-8181-exec-1] i.s.sample.service.AccountServiceImpl : ------->扣减账户开始account中
2020-08-15 16:31:54.141 INFO 57868 --- [nio-8181-exec-1] i.s.sample.service.AccountServiceImpl : ------->扣减账户结束account中
2020-08-15 16:31:54.141 INFO 57868 --- [nio-8181-exec-1] i.s.sample.service.AccountServiceImpl : 修改订单状态开始
2020-08-15 16:31:54.309 INFO 57868 --- [nio-8181-exec-1] c.netflix.config.ChainedDynamicProperty : Flipping property: order-server.ribbon.ActiveConnectionsLimit to use NEXT property: niws.loadbalancer.availabilityFilteringRule.activeConnectionsLimit = 2147483647
2020-08-15 16:31:54.344 INFO 57868 --- [nio-8181-exec-1] c.n.u.concurrent.ShutdownEnabledTimer : Shutdown hook installed for: NFLoadBalancer-PingTimer-order-server
2020-08-15 16:31:54.345 INFO 57868 --- [nio-8181-exec-1] c.netflix.loadbalancer.BaseLoadBalancer : Client: order-server instantiated a LoadBalancer: DynamicServerListLoadBalancer:{NFLoadBalancer:name=order-server,current list of Servers=[],Load balancer stats=Zone stats: {},Server stats: []}ServerList:null
2020-08-15 16:31:54.352 INFO 57868 --- [nio-8181-exec-1] c.n.l.DynamicServerListLoadBalancer : Using serverListUpdater PollingServerListUpdater
2020-08-15 16:31:54.385 INFO 57868 --- [nio-8181-exec-1] c.netflix.config.ChainedDynamicProperty : Flipping property: order-server.ribbon.ActiveConnectionsLimit to use NEXT property: niws.loadbalancer.availabilityFilteringRule.activeConnectionsLimit = 2147483647
2020-08-15 16:31:54.386 INFO 57868 --- [nio-8181-exec-1] c.n.l.DynamicServerListLoadBalancer : DynamicServerListLoadBalancer for client order-server initialized: DynamicServerListLoadBalancer:{NFLoadBalancer:name=order-server,current list of Servers=[10.192.86.60:8180],Load balancer stats=Zone stats: {defaultzone=[Zone:defaultzone; Instance count:1; Active connections count: 0; Circuit breaker tripped count: 0; Active connections per server: 0.0;]
},Server stats: [[Server:10.192.86.60:8180; Zone:defaultZone; Total Requests:0; Successive connection failure:0; Total blackout seconds:0; Last connection made:Thu Jan 01 08:00:00 CST 1970; First connection made: Thu Jan 01 08:00:00 CST 1970; Active Connections:0; total failure count in last (1000) msecs:0; average resp time:0.0; 90 percentile resp time:0.0; 95 percentile resp time:0.0; min resp time:0.0; max resp time:0.0; stddev resp time:0.0]
]}ServerList:org.springframework.cloud.netflix.ribbon.eureka.DomainExtractingServerList@5fa120e1
2020-08-15 16:31:54.562 INFO 57868 --- [nio-8181-exec-1] i.s.sample.service.AccountServiceImpl : 修改订单状态结束:订单状态修改成功
2020-08-15 16:31:54.578 WARN 57868 --- [nio-8181-exec-1] c.a.c.seata.web.SeataHandlerInterceptor : xid in change during RPC from 192.168.59.132:8091:37575557075451904 to null
2020-08-15 16:31:55.166 INFO 57868 --- [ch_RMROLE_1_1_8] i.s.c.r.p.c.RmBranchCommitProcessor : rm client handle branch commit process:xid=192.168.59.132:8091:37575557075451904,branchId=37575566823014400,branchType=AT,resourceId=jdbc:mysql://192.168.59.1:3306/seata_pay,applicationData=null
2020-08-15 16:31:55.169 INFO 57868 --- [ch_RMROLE_1_1_8] io.seata.rm.AbstractRMHandler : Branch committing: 192.168.59.132:8091:37575557075451904 37575566823014400 jdbc:mysql://192.168.59.1:3306/seata_pay null
2020-08-15 16:31:55.170 INFO 57868 --- [ch_RMROLE_1_1_8] io.seata.rm.AbstractRMHandler : Branch commit result: PhaseTwo_Committed
2020-08-15 16:31:55.356 INFO 57868 --- [erListUpdater-0] c.netflix.config.ChainedDynamicProperty : Flipping property: order-server.ribbon.ActiveConnectionsLimit to use NEXT property: niws.loadbalancer.availabilityFilteringRule.activeConnectionsLimit = 2147483647
这时我们再看下数据库的数据,如下图:
order表:
account表:
storage表:
容易迷惑我们的是,order表的pay_amount值是45.5,而不是50,这是因为account-server执行完成后,又调用了order-server,执行了更新操作,代码如下:
public void decrease(Long userId, BigDecimal payAmount) {
LOGGER.info("------->扣减账户开始account中");
//模拟超时异常,全局事务回滚
//try {
// Thread.sleep(30*1000);
//} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// e.printStackTrace();
//}
accountDao.decrease(userId,payAmount);
LOGGER.info("------->扣减账户结束account中");
//修改订单状态,此调用会导致调用成环
LOGGER.info("修改订单状态开始");
String mes = orderApi.update(userId, payAmount.multiply(new BigDecimal("0.09")),0);
LOGGER.info("修改订单状态结束:{}",mes);
}
第二个场景的测试,我们把上面的代码模拟超时异常这段放开,用debug模式进行,继续发送前面一样的请求,可以看到seata_order库中的undo_log,如下图:
等超时后,事务进行了回滚。
可以看到,本篇文章介绍的场景跟上篇差不多,本质都是基于undo_log的交易补偿,这也是AT模式的特点。但是本文的环境比上节复杂很多,这并不是seata本身造成的,而是微服务的拆分带来的系统架构的复杂性。
源码地址:
https://github.com/jinjunzhu/springcloud-eureka-feign-mybatis-seata.git
https://github.com/jinjunzhu/eurekaserver.git
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