springboot研究十一:springcloud+eureka整合分布式事务中间件seata

目录

环境搭建

测试

总结 


今天继续给大家分享一下阿里的分布式事务中间件seata的使用,跟上篇文章《springboot研究十:springboot多数据源整合分布式事务中间件seata》不一样的是,上篇文章是单服务绑定多数据源的分布式情况,而本文基于微服务下每个服务绑定一个数据源的场景,服务之间依靠eureka客户端feign进行通信。

注:seata有三种模式,AT模式、TCC模式和saga模式,上篇文章和本篇文章介绍的都是AT模式。感兴趣的同学可以参考官网进行了解这三种模式:

http://seata.io/en-us/docs/dev/mode/at-mode.html

环境搭建

还是先说一下本文使用的实验环境:
springboot:2.1.6.RELEASE
orm框架:mybatis
数据库:mysql
数据库连接池:HikariCP
seata server:1.3.0
springcloud:Greenwich.SR2
整个项目的架构如下: 

springboot研究十一:springcloud+eureka整合分布式事务中间件seata_第1张图片

可以看到,项目中有order-server,account-server,storage-server这3个服务,每个服务绑定自己的数据库。这3个服务都注册到eureka上面,同时也都注册TM到seata-server。seata-server也注册到了eureka上。
首先我们启动eureka,这里监听8889端口,yml文件配置如下:

server:
  port: 8889
spring:
  application:
    name: eureka-server
#Eureka实例名,集群中根据这里相互识别
eureka:
  instance:
    hostname: localhost
#客户端
  client:
#是否开启注册服务,因为这里如果为true表示自己注册自己,而自己就是一个服务注册方,没必要自己注册自己
    register-with-eureka: false
#是否拉取服务列表,这里我只提供服务给别的服务。
    fetch-registry: false
#注册中心地址
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/
#服务端:
  server:
    enable-self-preservation: false

 接着我们启动seata server,由于seata server也要注册到eureka上面,我们需要修改seata server,把registry.conf文件修改为如下:

registry {
  # file 、nacos 、eureka、redis、zk、consul、etcd3、sofa
  type = "eureka"
  #省略无关的代码
  eureka {
    #我本地配置的eureka地址
    serviceUrl = "http://192.168.59.1:8889/eureka"
    application = "seata-server"
    weight = "1"
  }
  #省略其他代码

执行如下命令启动seata server:

./seata-server.sh -p 8091 -h 127.0.0.1 -m file

 配置3个微服务,这里我们以order-server为例,先看yml文件,核心配置就是eureka、feign、mybatis和数据源,代码如下:

#配置eureka
eureka:
    instance:
        hostname: localhost
        prefer-ip-address: true
    client:
        serviceUrl:
            defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:8889/eureka/
feign:
    hystrix:
        enabled: false
    client:
        config:
            default:
                connectTimeout: 5000
                readTimeout: 10000
logging:
    level:
        io:
            seata: info
#配置mybatis
mybatis:
    mapperLocations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
    typeAliasesPackage: io.seata.sample.entity
server:
    port: 8180
spring:
    application:
        name: order-server
    cloud:
        alibaba:
            seata:
                tx-service-group: my_test_tx_group
#配置数据源
    datasource:
        driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
        password: 123456
        jdbcUrl: jdbc:mysql://192.168.59.1:3306/seata_order?useAffectedRows=true&serverTimezone=UTC&characterEncoding=utf-8
        username: root
registry.conf文件,最核心的就是type使用eureka,然后配置eureka地址和应用名称,部分代码如下:
registry {
  # file 、nacos 、eureka、redis、zk、consul、etcd3、sofa
  type = "eureka"
#省略其他代码
  eureka {
    serviceUrl = "http://localhost:8889/eureka"
    application = "order-server"
    weight = "1"
  }
#省略其他代码
file.conf文件只要改一下service就可以了,里面配置seata server地址,代码如下:
service {
  #transaction service group mapping
  vgroupMapping.my_test_tx_group = "seata-server"
  #only support when registry.type=file, please don't set multiple addresses
  default.grouplist = "192.168.59.132:8091"
  #degrade, current not support
  enableDegrade = false
  #disable seata
  disableGlobalTransaction = false
}

 用这种方式配置account-server和storage-server,之后把3个服务都起来,启动成功后,访问eureka页面,地址如下:

http://localhost:8889/

 这时我们能看到加上seata server一共4个服务都已经启动成功了,见下图:

springboot研究十一:springcloud+eureka整合分布式事务中间件seata_第2张图片

 下面我贴一下整个项目的sql语句:

#########################seata_order库
use database seata_order;
CREATE TABLE `orders` (
  `id` mediumint(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `user_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
  `product_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
  `COUNT` int(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '数量',
  `pay_amount` decimal(10,2) DEFAULT NULL,
  `status` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
  `add_time` datetime DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
  `last_update_time` datetime DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8

#########################seata_pay库
use database seata_pay;
DROP TABLE account;
CREATE TABLE `account` (
  `id` BIGINT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'id',
  `user_id` BIGINT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户id',
  `total` DECIMAL(10,0) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '总额度',
  `used` DECIMAL(10,0) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '已用余额',
  `balance` DECIMAL(10,0) DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '剩余可用额度',
  `last_update_time` DATETIME DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
INSERT INTO `seata_pay`.`account` (`id`, `user_id`, `total`, `used`, `balance`) VALUES ('1', '1', '1000', '0', '100');

#########################seata_storage库
use database seata_storage;
CREATE TABLE `storage` (
  `id` BIGINT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `product_id` BIGINT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '产品id',
  `total` INT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '总库存',
  `used` INT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '已用库存',
  `residue` INT(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '剩余库存',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
INSERT INTO `seata_storage`.`storage` (`id`, `product_id`, `total`, `used`, `residue`) VALUES ('1', '1', '100', '0', '100');

#########################下面的undo_log表前面三个库都需要创建
CREATE TABLE `undo_log` (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `branch_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
  `xid` varchar(100) NOT NULL,
  `context` varchar(128) NOT NULL,
  `rollback_info` longblob NOT NULL,
  `log_status` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `log_created` datetime NOT NULL,
  `log_modified` datetime NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  UNIQUE KEY `ux_undo_log` (`xid`,`branch_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=14 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8

至此,整个环境就搭建完成了,接着我们进行测试。我们先看下account和storage两张表的数据,其他表都是空,如下图:
account表:

storage表:

 

测试

现在我们开始进行测试,有2个场景,正常commit和场景和异常rollback场景。
我们向order-server发一个post请求,content如下:

{
  "userId":1,
  "productId":1,
  "count":1,
  "money":1,
  "payAmount":50
}

这时order-server执行成功,日志如下:

2020-08-15 16:31:53.704  INFO 57868 --- [nio-8181-exec-1] i.s.sample.service.AccountServiceImpl    : ------->扣减账户开始account中
2020-08-15 16:31:54.141  INFO 57868 --- [nio-8181-exec-1] i.s.sample.service.AccountServiceImpl    : ------->扣减账户结束account中
2020-08-15 16:31:54.141  INFO 57868 --- [nio-8181-exec-1] i.s.sample.service.AccountServiceImpl    : 修改订单状态开始
2020-08-15 16:31:54.309  INFO 57868 --- [nio-8181-exec-1] c.netflix.config.ChainedDynamicProperty  : Flipping property: order-server.ribbon.ActiveConnectionsLimit to use NEXT property: niws.loadbalancer.availabilityFilteringRule.activeConnectionsLimit = 2147483647
2020-08-15 16:31:54.344  INFO 57868 --- [nio-8181-exec-1] c.n.u.concurrent.ShutdownEnabledTimer    : Shutdown hook installed for: NFLoadBalancer-PingTimer-order-server
2020-08-15 16:31:54.345  INFO 57868 --- [nio-8181-exec-1] c.netflix.loadbalancer.BaseLoadBalancer  : Client: order-server instantiated a LoadBalancer: DynamicServerListLoadBalancer:{NFLoadBalancer:name=order-server,current list of Servers=[],Load balancer stats=Zone stats: {},Server stats: []}ServerList:null
2020-08-15 16:31:54.352  INFO 57868 --- [nio-8181-exec-1] c.n.l.DynamicServerListLoadBalancer      : Using serverListUpdater PollingServerListUpdater
2020-08-15 16:31:54.385  INFO 57868 --- [nio-8181-exec-1] c.netflix.config.ChainedDynamicProperty  : Flipping property: order-server.ribbon.ActiveConnectionsLimit to use NEXT property: niws.loadbalancer.availabilityFilteringRule.activeConnectionsLimit = 2147483647
2020-08-15 16:31:54.386  INFO 57868 --- [nio-8181-exec-1] c.n.l.DynamicServerListLoadBalancer      : DynamicServerListLoadBalancer for client order-server initialized: DynamicServerListLoadBalancer:{NFLoadBalancer:name=order-server,current list of Servers=[10.192.86.60:8180],Load balancer stats=Zone stats: {defaultzone=[Zone:defaultzone;	Instance count:1;	Active connections count: 0;	Circuit breaker tripped count: 0;	Active connections per server: 0.0;]
},Server stats: [[Server:10.192.86.60:8180;	Zone:defaultZone;	Total Requests:0;	Successive connection failure:0;	Total blackout seconds:0;	Last connection made:Thu Jan 01 08:00:00 CST 1970;	First connection made: Thu Jan 01 08:00:00 CST 1970;	Active Connections:0;	total failure count in last (1000) msecs:0;	average resp time:0.0;	90 percentile resp time:0.0;	95 percentile resp time:0.0;	min resp time:0.0;	max resp time:0.0;	stddev resp time:0.0]
]}ServerList:org.springframework.cloud.netflix.ribbon.eureka.DomainExtractingServerList@5fa120e1
2020-08-15 16:31:54.562  INFO 57868 --- [nio-8181-exec-1] i.s.sample.service.AccountServiceImpl    : 修改订单状态结束:订单状态修改成功
2020-08-15 16:31:54.578  WARN 57868 --- [nio-8181-exec-1] c.a.c.seata.web.SeataHandlerInterceptor  : xid in change during RPC from 192.168.59.132:8091:37575557075451904 to null
2020-08-15 16:31:55.166  INFO 57868 --- [ch_RMROLE_1_1_8] i.s.c.r.p.c.RmBranchCommitProcessor      : rm client handle branch commit process:xid=192.168.59.132:8091:37575557075451904,branchId=37575566823014400,branchType=AT,resourceId=jdbc:mysql://192.168.59.1:3306/seata_pay,applicationData=null
2020-08-15 16:31:55.169  INFO 57868 --- [ch_RMROLE_1_1_8] io.seata.rm.AbstractRMHandler            : Branch committing: 192.168.59.132:8091:37575557075451904 37575566823014400 jdbc:mysql://192.168.59.1:3306/seata_pay null
2020-08-15 16:31:55.170  INFO 57868 --- [ch_RMROLE_1_1_8] io.seata.rm.AbstractRMHandler            : Branch commit result: PhaseTwo_Committed
2020-08-15 16:31:55.356  INFO 57868 --- [erListUpdater-0] c.netflix.config.ChainedDynamicProperty  : Flipping property: order-server.ribbon.ActiveConnectionsLimit to use NEXT property: niws.loadbalancer.availabilityFilteringRule.activeConnectionsLimit = 2147483647

这时我们再看下数据库的数据,如下图:

order表:

account表:

storage表:

 容易迷惑我们的是,order表的pay_amount值是45.5,而不是50,这是因为account-server执行完成后,又调用了order-server,执行了更新操作,代码如下:

public void decrease(Long userId, BigDecimal payAmount) {
    LOGGER.info("------->扣减账户开始account中");
    //模拟超时异常,全局事务回滚
    //try {
    //    Thread.sleep(30*1000);
    //} catch (InterruptedException e) {
    //    e.printStackTrace();
    //}
    accountDao.decrease(userId,payAmount);
    LOGGER.info("------->扣减账户结束account中");

    //修改订单状态,此调用会导致调用成环
    LOGGER.info("修改订单状态开始");
    String mes = orderApi.update(userId, payAmount.multiply(new BigDecimal("0.09")),0);
    LOGGER.info("修改订单状态结束:{}",mes);
}

 第二个场景的测试,我们把上面的代码模拟超时异常这段放开,用debug模式进行,继续发送前面一样的请求,可以看到seata_order库中的undo_log,如下图:

等超时后,事务进行了回滚。

总结 

可以看到,本篇文章介绍的场景跟上篇差不多,本质都是基于undo_log的交易补偿,这也是AT模式的特点。但是本文的环境比上节复杂很多,这并不是seata本身造成的,而是微服务的拆分带来的系统架构的复杂性。

 

源码地址:

https://github.com/jinjunzhu/springcloud-eureka-feign-mybatis-seata.git
https://github.com/jinjunzhu/eurekaserver.git

 

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