C语言学生信息管理系统（动态链表版）
大一上学期的期末作业，只记得当时弄了好长时间。在写代码的过程中，能发现很多问题，错误，折磨人的很。不过也确实学到了好多东西。这其中，有王瑶哥和菲菲姐的热心帮助。在此谢谢他们喽～
当然，现在看来，代码还有很多可以优化的地方。本程序功能还算齐全，BUG还有待发现，没有包含输入检测机制。精力有限，后悔当年没有养成写注释的习惯，现在放在那里自己都不愿意看了，=_=! 等以后有机会用C++再写个吧。
图样：
代码：
/*
* C语言学生信息管理系统（动态链表版）
* 作者：odaynot
* 时间：2011年
* 功能：增添新键数据、修改删除数据、查询统计数据
* 平台：windows
*/
#include
#include
#include
#include
# define LEN sizeof(struct Student)
struct Student {
char num[10]; /*学号*/
char name[20]; /*姓名*/
char sex[10]; /*性别*/
int age; /*年龄*/
char phone[12];/*电话*/
char qq[12]; /*QQ号*/
float cscore; /*C语言成绩*/
float escore; /*英语成绩*/
struct Student *next;
};
char filename[30];//全局变量，用来保存要打开的文件名字
/*生成链表*/
struct Student *Creat(int n) {
void menu_print_in(void);
struct Student *head;
struct Student *p1, *p2;
system("cls");
for(int i=1;inum,p1->name,p1->sex,
&p1->age,p1->phone,p1->qq,&p1->cscore,&p1->escore);
p1->next = NULL;
if(i==1) {
head = p2 = p1;
}
else {
p2->next = p1;
p2 = p1;
}
}
return(head);
}
/*数据存盘(wb只写)*/
void WriteData_wb(struct Student *head) {
FILE *fp;
struct Student *p;
if((fp = fopen(filename, "wb"))==NULL)
printf("\a error! Can not open the file!");
p = head;
while(p!=NULL) {
if(fwrite(p,LEN,1,fp)!=1) {
printf("写入数据出错\n");
fclose(fp);
return;
}
p=p->next;
}
fclose(fp);
}
/*数据存盘(ab追加)*/
void WriteData_ab(struct Student *head) {
FILE *fp;
struct Student *p;
if((fp = fopen(filename, "ab"))==NULL)
printf("\a error! Can not open the file!");
p = head;
while(p!=NULL) {
if(fwrite(p,LEN,1,fp)!=1) {
printf("写入数据出错\n");
fclose(fp);
return;
}
p=p->next;
}
fclose(fp);
}
/*读取数据*/
/*读取数据文件保存到链表中 ，返回指向此链表头指针*/
struct Student *ReadData(void) {
struct Student *head = NULL;
struct Student *p1, *p2;//s = p1;p = p2;
FILE *fp;
if((fp=fopen(filename,"rb+"))==NULL)
{
printf("打开文件出错\n");
exit(0);
}
while(!feof(fp)) {
if((p1=(struct Student*)malloc(LEN))==NULL){
printf("内存申请出错\n");
fclose(fp);
exit(0);
}
if(fread(p1,LEN,1,fp)!=1){
free(p1);
break;
}
if(head==NULL)
head=p2=p1;
else{
p2->next=p1;
p2=p1;
}
}
fclose(fp);
return (head);
}
/*【1】全量查询*/
void Print_inquire_all(void) {
void menu_print_out(void);
struct Student *pt;
pt = ReadData();
menu_print_out();
do {
printf("%-10s%6s%8s%4d%13s%11s %4.1f %4.1f %4.1f %4.1f\n",
pt->num,pt->name,pt->sex,pt->age,pt->phone,pt->qq,pt->cscore,
pt->escore,(pt->cscore+pt->escore)/2,pt->cscore+pt->escore);
pt = pt->next;
}while(pt!=NULL);
printf("\n\n");
}
/*【2】学号查询*/
int Print_inquire_num() {
void menu_print_out(void);
struct Student *pt;
char str_num[10];
printf("◎请输入您要查询的学号:");
scanf("%s", str_num);
pt = ReadData();
menu_print_out();
do {
if(strcmp(pt->num,str_num)==0) {
printf("%-10s%6s%8s%4d%13s%11s %4.1f %4.1f %4.1f %4.1f\n",
pt->num,pt->name,pt->sex,pt->age,pt->phone,pt->qq,pt->cscore,
pt->escore,(pt->cscore+pt->escore)/2,pt->cscore+pt->escore);
printf("\n\n");
return 0;
}
pt = pt->next;
}while(pt!=NULL);
printf("数据库中没有存储您要查询的数据！\n");
printf("\n\n");
return 0;
}
/*【3】姓名查询*/
int Print_inquire_name() {
void menu_print_out(void);
struct Student *pt;
char str_name[20];
printf("◎请输入您要查询的姓名:");
scanf("%s", str_name);
pt = ReadData();
menu_print_out();
do {
if(strcmp(pt->name,str_name)==0) {
printf("%-10s%6s%8s%4d%13s%11s %4.1f %4.1f %4.1f %4.1f\n",
pt->num,pt->name,pt->sex,pt->age,pt->phone,pt->qq,pt->cscore,
pt->escore,(pt->cscore+pt->escore)/2,pt->cscore+pt->escore);
printf("\n\n");
return 0;
}
pt = pt->next;
}while(pt!=NULL);
printf("数据库中没有存储您要查询的数据！\n");
printf("\n\n");
return 0;
}
/*【4】模糊查询*/
int Print_inquire_fuzzy(void) {
void menu_print_out(void);
struct Student *pt;
char str_find[20];
int m = 0;
printf("◎请输入您要查询的关键词:");
scanf("%s", str_find);
pt = ReadData();
menu_print_out();
do {
if(strstr(pt->num,str_find)!=0||strstr(pt->name,str_find)!=0
||strstr(pt->sex,str_find)!=0||strstr(pt->phone,str_find)!=0
||strstr(pt->qq,str_find)!=0) {
printf("%-10s%6s%8s%4d%13s%11s %4.1f %4.1f %4.1f %4.1f\n",
pt->num,pt->name,pt->sex,pt->age,pt->phone,pt->qq,pt->cscore,
pt->escore,(pt->cscore+pt->escore)/2,pt->cscore+pt->escore);
m = 1;
}
pt = pt->next;
}while(pt!=NULL);
if(!m)
printf("数据库中没有存储您要查询的数据！\n");
printf("\n\n");
return 0;
}
/*成绩统计*/
int Print_inquire_stats(void) {
struct Student *head, *p1;
float CMIN, CMAX, EMIN, EMAX, SMIN, SMAX;
head = ReadData();
p1 = head;
CMIN = CMAX = p1->cscore;
EMIN = EMAX = p1->escore;
SMIN = SMAX = p1->cscore + p1->escore;
while(p1->next!=NULL) {
if(p1->cscore > CMAX) {
CMAX = p1->cscore;
}
if(p1->cscore < CMIN) {
CMIN = p1->cscore;
}
if(p1->escore > EMAX) {
EMAX = p1->escore;
}
if(p1->escore < EMIN) {
EMIN = p1->escore;
}
if((p1->cscore + p1->escore) > SMAX) {
SMAX = (p1->cscore + p1->escore);
}
if((p1->cscore + p1->escore) < SMIN) {
SMIN = (p1->cscore + p1->escore);
}
p1 = p1->next;
}
printf("\n");
printf("◎数据库中C语言最高分为:%4.1f \n", CMAX);
printf("◎数据库中C语言最低分为:%4.1f \n\n", CMIN);
printf("◎数据库中英语最高分为:%4.1f \n", EMAX);
printf("◎数据库中英语最低分为:%4.1f \n\n", EMIN);
printf("◎数据库中总成绩最高分为:%4.1f \n", SMAX);
printf("◎数据库中总成绩最低分为:%4.1f \n\n", SMIN);
printf("\n");
printf("【PS:更多统计功能更在开发中,敬请期待O(∩_∩)O】\n\n");
return 0;
}
/*【1】修改数据之删除记录*/
int Delete() {
struct Student *pt1, *pt2, *head;
char str_num[20];
printf("\n◎请输入您要删除的学号信息:");
scanf("%s", str_num);
pt1 = ReadData();
pt2 = pt1->next;
head = pt1;
while(pt2!=NULL) {
if(strcmp(pt1->num,str_num)==0) {
WriteData_wb(pt2);
}
else if(strcmp(pt2->num,str_num)==0) {
pt1->next = pt2->next;
WriteData_wb(head);
}
pt2 = pt2->next;
pt1 = pt1->next;
}
if(pt2!=NULL)
printf("数据库中没有存储您要删除的数据！\n");
printf("\n\n");
return 0;
}
/*【2】修改数据之修改记录*/
int Amend() {
void menu_print_in(void);
struct Student *pt1, *pt2, *head;
char str_num[20];
printf("◎请输入您要修改的学号信息:");
scanf("%s", str_num);
pt1 = ReadData();
pt2 = pt1->next;
head = pt1;
while(pt2!=NULL) {
if(strcmp(pt1->num,str_num)==0) {
menu_print_in();
scanf("%s%s%s%d%s%s%f%f",pt1->num,pt1->name,pt1->sex,
&pt1->age,pt1->phone,pt1->qq,&pt1->cscore,&pt1->escore);
WriteData_wb(head);
}
else if(strcmp(pt2->num,str_num)==0) {
menu_print_in();
scanf("%s%s%s%d%s%s%f%f",pt2->num,pt2->name,pt2->sex,
&pt2->age,pt2->phone,pt2->qq,&pt2->cscore,&pt2->escore);
WriteData_wb(head);
}
pt2 = pt2->next;
pt1 = pt1->next;
}
if(pt2!=NULL)
printf("数据库中没有存储您要删除的数据！\n");
return 0;
}
/*【3】修改数据之整理数据*/
int Neaten() {
struct Student *first;
struct Student *tail;
struct Student *p_min;
struct Student *min;
struct Student *p;
struct Student *head;
head = ReadData();
first = NULL;
while(head!=NULL) {
for(p=head,min=head; p->next!=NULL; p=p->next) {
if(strcmp(p->next->num,min->num)<0) {
p_min = p;
min = p->next;
}
}
if(first==NULL) {
first = min;
tail = min;
}
else {
tail->next = min;
tail = min;
}
if(min==head) {
head = head->next;
}
else {
p_min->next = min->next;
}
}
if(first!=NULL) {
tail->next = NULL;
}
head = first;
WriteData_wb(head);
return 0;
}
/*输入写入数据的数量*/
int Creat_num(void) {
printf("\n◎请输入您此次要添加的数据个数:");
int n;
if(scanf("%d", &n)!=1) {
printf("\a error!");
}
return n;
}
/*选择将要打开的文件*/
int File_name() {
printf("\n◎请输入您想要打开的文件:");
if(scanf("%s", filename)!=1)
printf("\a error!");
return 0;
}
/*主菜单*/
void menu(void) {
void menu_add(void);
void menu_inquire(void);
void menu_amend(void);
printf(" ╭════════╮ \n");
printf("╭══════╣学生管理系统V1.0╠══════╮\n");
printf("║ ╰════════╯ ║\n");
printf("║ 【1】添加数据 【3】修改数据 ║\n");
printf("║ ║\n");
printf("║ 【2】查询数据 【4】退出系统 ║\n");
printf("║ ║\n");
printf("╰══════════════════════╯\n");
printf("◎请输入功能前的序号进入相应的工具:【 】\b\b");
int a = 0;
a = getchar();
while(a!='1'&&a!='2'&&a!='3'&&a!='4') {
printf("error! please input the right number!\n");
putchar('\a');
getchar();
printf("◎请重新输入功能前的序号进入相应的工具:【 】\b\b");
a = getchar();
}
switch(a) {
case '1': File_name();menu_add();
break;
case '2': File_name();menu_inquire();
break;
case '3': File_name();menu_amend();
break;
case '4': exit(0);
break;
}
getchar();
}
/*二级菜单之添加数据*/
void menu_add(void) {
system("cls");
getchar();
printf(" ╭════════╮ \n");
printf("╭══════╣ 添加数据方式 ╠══════╮\n");
printf("║ ╰════════╯ ║\n");
printf("║ 【1】新建文件 【2】增添数据 【3】返回菜单 ║\n");
printf("║ ║\n");
printf("╰══════════════════════╯\n");
printf("◎请输入功能前的序号进入相应的工具:【 】\b\b");
int a = 0;
a = getchar();
while(a!='1'&&a!='2'&&a!='3') {
printf("error! please input the right number!\n");
putchar('\a');
getchar();
printf("◎请重新输入功能前的序号进入相应的工具:【 】\b\b");
a = getchar();
}
switch(a) {
case '1': WriteData_wb(Creat(Creat_num()));
printf("\n◎新建文件成功且数据已成功保存◎\n");
system("pause");
system("cls");
menu_add();
break;
case '2': WriteData_ab(Creat(Creat_num()));
printf("\n◎数据已成功添加◎\n");
system("pause");
system("cls");
menu_add();
break;
case '3': system("cls");
getchar();
menu();
break;
}
}
/*二级菜单之查询数据*/
void menu_inquire(void) {
system("cls");
getchar();
while(1) {
system("cls");
printf(" ╭════════╮ \n");
printf("╭══════╣ 查询数据方式 ╠══════╮\n");
printf("║ ╰════════╯ ║\n");
printf("║ 【1】全量查询 【4】模糊查询 ║\n");
printf("║ ║\n");
printf("║ 【2】学号查询 【5】成绩统计 ║\n");
printf("║ ║\n");
printf("║ 【3】姓名查询 【6】返回菜单 ║\n");
printf("╰══════════════════════╯\n");
printf("◎请输入功能前的序号进入相应的工具:【 】\b\b");
int a = 0;
a = getchar();
while(a!='1'&&a!='2'&&a!='3'&&a!='3'&&a!='4'&&a!='5'&&a!='6') {
printf("error! please input the right number!\n");
putchar('\a');
getchar();
printf("◎请重新输入功能前的序号进入相应的工具:【 】\b\b");
a = getchar();
}
switch(a) {
case '1': Print_inquire_all();system("pause");getchar();
break;
case '2': Print_inquire_num();system("pause");getchar();
break;
case '3': Print_inquire_name();system("pause");getchar();
break;
case '4': Print_inquire_fuzzy();system("pause");getchar();;
break;
case '5': Print_inquire_stats();system("pause");getchar();
break;
case '6': system("cls");getchar();menu();
break;
}
}
}
/*二级菜单之修改数据*/
void menu_amend(void) {
system("cls");
getchar();
while(1) {
system("cls");
printf(" ╭════════╮ \n");
printf("╭══════╣ 修改数据方式 ╠══════╮\n");
printf("║ ╰════════╯ ║\n");
printf("║ 【1】删除记录 【3】整理数据 ║\n");
printf("║ ║\n");
printf("║ 【2】修改记录 【4】返回菜单 ║\n");
printf("╰══════════════════════╯\n");
printf("◎请输入功能前的序号进入相应的工具:【 】\b\b");
int a = 0;
a = getchar();
while(a!='1'&&a!='2'&&a!='3'&&a!='4') {
printf("error! please input the right number!\n");
putchar('\a');
getchar();
printf("◎请重新输入功能前的序号进入相应的工具:【 】\b\b");
a = getchar();
}
switch(a) {
case '1': Delete();
printf("\n\n◎已成功删除指定数据◎\n");
system("pause");
getchar();
break;
case '2': Amend();
printf("\n\n◎已成功修改指定数据◎\n");
system("pause");
getchar();
break;
case '3': Neaten();
printf("\n\n◎数据已成功按照学号重新排列◎\n");
system("pause");
getchar();
break;
case '4': system("cls");
getchar();
menu();
break;
}
}
}
/*输入输出提示栏*/
void menu_print_in(void) {
printf("------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
printf("学号 姓名 性别 年龄 电话 QQ C E \n");
printf("------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
}
void menu_print_out(void) {
printf("--------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
printf("学号 姓名 性别 年龄 电话 QQ C E A S \n");
printf("--------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
}
/*主函数*/
int main(void) {
SetConsoleTitle(L"C++学生信息管理系统");
menu();
return 0;
}