28. Implement strStr()

题目链接
tag:

  • Easy;

question:
  Implement strStr().
Return the index of the first occurrence of needle in haystack, or -1 if needle is not part of haystack.

Example 1:

Input: haystack = "hello", needle = "ll"
Output: 2

Example 2:

Input: haystack = "aaaaa", needle = "bba"
Output: -1

Clarification:

What should we return when needle is an empty string? This is a great question to ask during an interview.

For the purpose of this problem, we will return 0 when needleis an empty string. This is consistent to C's strstr() and Java's indexOf().
思路:
  这道题让我们在一个字符串中找另一个字符串第一次出现的位置,那我们首先要做一些判断,如果子字符串为空,则返回0,如果子字符串长度大于母字符串长度,则返回-1。然后我们开始遍历母字符串,我们并不需要遍历整个母字符串,而是遍历到剩下的长度和子字符串相等的位置即可,这样可以提高运算效率。然后对于每一个字符,我们都遍历一遍子字符串,一个一个字符的对应比较,如果对应位置有不等的,则跳出循环,如果一直都没有跳出循环,则说明子字符串出现了,则返回起始位置即可,代码如下:

class Solution {
public:
    int strStr(string haystack, string needle) {
        if (needle.empty()) return 0;
        int n = haystack.size(), m = needle.size();
        if (n < m) return -1;
        for (int i=0; i<=n-m; ++i) {
            int j = 0;
            for (j=0; j

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