fire net

Suppose that we have a square city with straight streets. A map of a city is a square board with n rows and n columns, each representing a street or a piece of wall. 

A blockhouse is a small castle that has four openings through which to shoot. The four openings are facing North, East, South, and West, respectively. There will be one machine gun shooting through each opening. 

Here we assume that a bullet is so powerful that it can run across any distance and destroy a blockhouse on its way. On the other hand, a wall is so strongly built that can stop the bullets. 

The goal is to place as many blockhouses in a city as possible so that no two can destroy each other. A configuration of blockhouses is legal provided that no two blockhouses are on the same horizontal row or vertical column in a map unless there is at least one wall separating them. In this problem we will consider small square cities (at most 4x4) that contain walls through which bullets cannot run through. 

The following image shows five pictures of the same board. The first picture is the empty board, the second and third pictures show legal configurations, and the fourth and fifth pictures show illegal configurations. For this board, the maximum number of blockhouses in a legal configuration is 5; the second picture shows one way to do it, but there are several other ways. 



Your task is to write a program that, given a description of a map, calculates the maximum number of blockhouses that can be placed in the city in a legal configuration. 

InputThe input file contains one or more map descriptions, followed by a line containing the number 0 that signals the end of the file. Each map description begins with a line containing a positive integer n that is the size of the city; n will be at most 4. The next n lines each describe one row of the map, with a '.' indicating an open space and an uppercase 'X' indicating a wall. There are no spaces in the input file.
OutputFor each test case, output one line containing the maximum number of blockhouses that can be placed in the city in a legal configuration. 
Sample Input

4
.X..
....
XX..
....
2
XX
.X
3
.X.
X.X
.X.
3
...
.XX
.XX
4
....
....
....
....
0

Sample Output

5
1
5
2
4

题意:给了一个最大4x4的格子图,内置有墙,现在要求在里面放置碉堡(碉堡无限射距,且会互相攻击),但是打不穿墙体.也就是说如果两个碉堡之间没有墙则不能放在同行或者同列. 

分析:

第一:寻找最优解问题.所以选择dfs;

第二:从第一格遍历,如果不是墙并且同行或者同列中没有冲突 则能放记录个数(搜到底进行比较) 然后标记此格 向下搜索.

然后就是简单的dfs老套路了;

上代码:

#include
int n,i,j,ans;
char s[5][5];

int c_put(int n,int m)
{
    for(i=n-1;i>=0;i--)//行数 向前寻找
    {
        if(s[i][m]=='O')//如果有碉堡则产生冲突
            return 0;
        if(s[i][m]=='X')//如果在遇到碉堡之前遇到了墙壁 则可以放 直接跳出循环
            break;
    }
    for(j=m-1;j>=0;j--)//列数 向前寻找
    {
        if(s[n][j]=='O')//如果有碉堡则产生冲突
            return 0;
        if(s[n][j]=='X')//如果在遇到碉堡之前遇到了墙壁 则可以放 直接跳出循环
            break;
    }
    return 1;
}

void dfs(int k,int num)
{
    int x,y;
    if(k==n*n)//如果搜索到最后一格
    {
        if(num>ans)//那么比较放置个数
            ans=num;
        return ;//返回
    }
    else
    {
        x=k/n;//行数
        y=k%n;//列数
        //如果单元格可以放置
        if(s[x][y]=='.'&&c_put(x,y))//判断是否为碉堡 是否产生冲突
        {
            s[x][y]='O';//防止碉堡,并且标记
            dfs(k+1,num+1);
            s[x][y]='.';
        }
        //如果单元格不可以放置
        dfs(k+1,num);//否则就向下继续寻找;
    }
}
int main()
{
    while(~scanf("%d",&n)&&n)
    {
        ans=0;
        for(i=0;i

ps:2018年3月25日 21:40:36 这学期重新学习搜索了,这是第四题了.有思路,但是代码出不来,看了别人大佬的代码,深刻理解后,自己不看代码,一遍打出来,还是很开心,虽然也承认自己很菜.但也不会放弃.继续努力吧.