题目:学生信息管理系统--(链表)
作者:姜莹,汪凯双,信宇
主要功能:考虑到学生成绩管理系统一经建立不仅进行查询而且需要频繁的进行插入和删除,运用数据结构中的单链表结构对学生信息进行存储。简单实现了对学生信息的增,删,改,查,排序,对学生信息的文件操作(保存,读取)。
#include#include<string.h> #include using namespace std; typedef struct student //学生信息存储结构 { char no[11]; //学号 char name[15]; //姓名 int score[3]; //成绩 int sum; //总分 float average; //平均分 int order; //按成绩排序 struct student *next; } student; int Menu_select(); //菜单 struct student *Create(student *head); //建立 void Print(student *head); //打印 struct student *Compute(student *head); //计算 struct student *Append(student *head); //追加 struct student *Del(student *head); //删除 struct student *Insert(student *head); //插入 struct student *change(student *head); //修改 void Search(student *head); //查找 void Save(student *head); //保存文件 struct student *Load(student *head); //读取文件 struct student *Sort(student *head); int main() { student *head=NULL; while(1) { switch(Menu_select()) { case 1: head=Create(head); break; case 2: Print(head); break; case 3: head=Compute(head); break; case 4: head=Append(head); break; case 5: head=Del(head); break; case 6: head=Insert(head); break; case 7: Search(head); break; case 8: head=change(head); break; case 9: Save(head); break; case 10: head=Load(head); break; case 11: head=Sort(head); break; case 12: exit(0); } } return 0; } /*****************************菜单****************************/ int Menu_select() { int choice; printf("***************************菜单***************\n"); printf(" 1 输入 \n"); printf(" 2 打印 \n"); printf(" 3 计算 \n"); printf(" 4 追加 \n"); printf(" 5 删除 \n"); printf(" 6 插入 \n"); printf(" 7 查找 \n"); printf(" 8 修改 \n"); printf(" 9 保存 \n"); printf(" 10 读入 \n"); printf(" 11 排序 \n"); printf(" 12 退出 \n"); printf("Enter your choice(0-11):"); scanf("%d",&choice); return choice; } /*****************************建立链表************************/ struct student *Create(student *head) //ok { student *p,*q;; head=(student *)malloc(sizeof(student)); head->next=NULL; q=head; while(1) { p=(student*)malloc(sizeof(student)); printf("请输入学号:"); scanf("%s",p->no); if(p->no[0]=='@') { free(p); break; } printf("请输入姓名:"); scanf("%s",p->name); printf("请输入数学成绩:"); scanf("%d",&p->score[0]); printf("请输入英语成绩:"); scanf("%d",&p->score[1]); printf("请输入数据结构成绩:"); scanf("%d",&p->score[2]); p->sum=0; p->average=0; p->order=0; q->next=p; q=p; } q->next=NULL; return head; } /*****************************打印****************************/ void Print(student *head) //ok { student *p=head; printf("学号 姓名 数学 英语 数据结构 总分 平均分 排名\n"); while(p->next) { p=p->next; printf("%s %s %d %d %d %d %.2f %d \n",p->no,p->name,p->score[0],p->score[1],p->score[2],p->sum,p->average,p->order); } } /*****************************计算****************************/ struct student *Compute(student *head)//OK { student *p=head->next; while(p) { p->sum=p->score[0]+p->score[1]+p->score[2]; p->average=p->sum/3.0; p=p->next; } return head; } /*****************************追加****************************/ struct student *Append(student *head)//OK { student *p,*q=head,*t; p=(student*)malloc(sizeof(student)); printf("请输入要增加的学生信息:\n"); printf("请输入学号:"); scanf("%s",p->no); printf("请输入姓名:"); scanf("%s",p->name); printf("请输入数学成绩:"); scanf("%d",&p->score[0]); printf("请输入英语成绩:"); scanf("%d",&p->score[1]); printf("请输入数据结构成绩:"); scanf("%d",&p->score[2]); p->sum=0; p->average=0; p->order=0; while(q) { t=q; q=q->next; } t->next=p; t=p; t->next=NULL; return head; } /*****************************删除****************************/ struct student *Del(student *head) //OK { char number[11]; student *p=head,*q; printf("输入要删除的学生学号:"); scanf("%s",number); while(p->next&&strcmp(number,p->no)) { q=p; p=p->next; } q->next=p->next; return head; } /*****************************插入****************************/ struct student *Insert(student *head) //ok { char no[11]; student *p,*q=head,*t; printf("请输入要插入的学生位置:"); scanf("%s",no); p=(student *)malloc(sizeof(student)); printf("请输入要增加的学生信息:\n"); printf("请输入学号:"); scanf("%s",p->no); printf("请输入姓名:"); scanf("%s",p->name); printf("请输入数学成绩:"); scanf("%d",&p->score[0]); printf("请输入英语成绩:"); scanf("%d",&p->score[1]); printf("请输入数据结构成绩:"); scanf("%d",&p->score[2]); p->sum=0; p->average=0; p->order=0; while(q->next&&strcmp(q->next->no,no)) { q=q->next; t=q; } p->next=t->next; t->next=p; return head; } /****************************修改*****************************/ struct student *change(student *head) //ok { char no[11]; student *q=head->next; printf("请输入要修改的学生学号:"); scanf("%s",no); while(q&&strcmp(q->no,no)) { q=q->next; } printf("请输入学生学号:"); scanf("%s",q->no); printf("请输入学生姓名:"); scanf("%s",q->name); printf("请输入学生数学成绩:"); scanf("%d",&q->score[0]); printf("请输入学生英语成绩:"); scanf("%d",&q->score[1]); printf("请输入学生数据结构成绩:"); scanf("%d",&q->score[2]); return head; }; /****************************查找*****************************/ void Search(student *head) //ok { char no[15]; student *p=head->next; printf("请输入要查询的学生学号:"); scanf("%s",no); while(p&&strcmp(no,p->no)) p=p->next; printf("学号 姓名 数学 英语 数据结构 总分 平均分 排名\n"); printf("%s %s %d %d %d %d %.2f %d \n",p->no,p->name,p->score[0],p->score[1],p->score[2],p->sum,p->average,p->order); } /****************************文件保存*************************/ void Save(student *head) //ok { FILE *fp; if((fp=fopen("student.txt","w"))==NULL) { printf("文件打开失败\n"); getchar(); exit(1); } student *p=head->next; while(p) { fprintf(fp,"%s %s %d %d %d %d %f %d\n",p->no,p->name,p->score[0],p->score[1],p->score[2],p->sum,p->average,p->order); p=p->next; } fclose(fp); } /****************************文件读取*************************/ struct student *Load(student *head) //ok { head=(student*)malloc(sizeof(student)); head->next=NULL; FILE *fp; if((fp=fopen("student.txt","r"))==NULL) { printf("文件打开失败\n"); getchar(); exit(1); } student *p=(student*)malloc(sizeof(student)); student *t; head->next=p; while(fscanf(fp,"%s%s%d%d%d%d%f%d",p->no,p->name,&p->score[0],&p->score[1],&p->score[2],&p->sum,&p->average,&p->order)==8) { t=p; p=(student*)malloc(sizeof(student)); t->next=p; } free(p); t->next=NULL; fclose(fp); return head; } /****************************排序*****************************/ struct student *Sort(student *head) { int i=1; student *q, *s, *pre ,*p,*a; p=head->next; q=p->next; p->next=NULL; while(q) { s=q; q=q->next; pre=head; p=head->next; while(p!=NULL && p->sum > s->sum) { pre=p; p=p->next; } s->next=p; pre->next=s; } a=head->next; while(a) { a->order=i++; a=a->next; } return head; }