学生信息管理系统

/*
1、增加学生信息
2、修改学生信息
3、显示学生信息
4、查询学生信息
5、删除学生信息
6、对学生信息进行排序
7、保存学生信息至记录文件
8、从记录文件读取学生信息
9、新建学生信息文件
10、运行结束
（1）学生信息：学号、姓名、性别、几门课成绩、平均成绩、总成绩、名次；
（2）排序：可以按照学号、姓名、课程等信息灵活进行升序、降序来排序；
（3）查询：可以按照学号、姓名等条件来查询。
*/

#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
# define LEN sizeof(struct Student)
using namespace std;
struct Student
{
    char num[10];  /*学号*/
    char name[20]; /*姓名*/
    char sex[10];  /*性别*/
    int age;       /*年龄*/
    char phone[12];/*电话*/
    char qq[12];   /*QQ号*/
    float cscore;  /*C语言成绩*/
    float escore;  /*英语成绩*/
    struct Student *next;
};

char filename[30];//全局变量，用来保存要打开的文件名字

/*生成链表*/
struct Student *Creat(int n)
{
    void menu_print_in(void);
    struct Student *head;
    struct Student *p1, *p2;
    system("cls");
    for(int i=1; inum,p1->name,p1->sex,
              &p1->age,p1->phone,p1->qq,&p1->cscore,&p1->escore);
        p1->next = NULL;
        if(i==1)
        {
            head = p2 = p1;
        }
        else
        {
            p2->next = p1;
            p2 = p1;
        }
    }
    return(head);
}

/*数据存盘(wb只写)*/
void WriteData_wb(struct Student *head)
{
    FILE *fp;
    struct Student *p;
    if((fp = fopen(filename, "wb"))==NULL)
        printf("\a error! Can not open the file!");
    p = head;
    while(p!=NULL)
    {
        if(fwrite(p,LEN,1,fp)!=1)
        {
            printf("写入数据出错\n");
            fclose(fp);
            return;
        }
        p=p->next;
    }
    fclose(fp);
}

/*数据存盘(ab追加)*/
void WriteData_ab(struct Student *head)
{
    FILE *fp;
    struct Student *p;
    if((fp = fopen(filename, "ab"))==NULL)
        printf("\a error! Can not open the file!");
    p = head;
    while(p!=NULL)
    {
        if(fwrite(p,LEN,1,fp)!=1)
        {
            printf("写入数据出错\n");
            fclose(fp);
            return;
        }
        p=p->next;
    }
    fclose(fp);
}

/*读取数据*/
/*读取数据文件保存到链表中 ，返回指向此链表头指针*/
struct Student *ReadData(void)
{
    struct Student *head = NULL;
    struct Student *p1, *p2;//s = p1;p = p2;

    FILE *fp;
    if((fp=fopen(filename,"rb+"))==NULL)
    {
        printf("打开文件出错\n");
        exit(0);
    }
    while(!feof(fp))
    {
        if((p1=(struct Student*)malloc(LEN))==NULL)
        {
            printf("内存申请出错\n");
            fclose(fp);
            exit(0);
        }
        if(fread(p1,LEN,1,fp)!=1)
        {
            free(p1);
            break;
        }
        if(head==NULL)
            head=p2=p1;
        else
        {
            p2->next=p1;
            p2=p1;
        }
    }
    fclose(fp);
    return (head);
}

/*【1】全量查询*/
void Print_inquire_all(void)
{
    void menu_print_out(void);
    struct Student *pt;
    pt = ReadData();
    menu_print_out();
    do
    {
        printf("%-10s%6s%8s%4d%13s%11s  %4.1f %4.1f %4.1f %4.1f\n",
               pt->num,pt->name,pt->sex,pt->age,pt->phone,pt->qq,pt->cscore,
               pt->escore,(pt->cscore+pt->escore)/2,pt->cscore+pt->escore);
        pt = pt->next;
    }
    while(pt!=NULL);
    printf("\n\n");
}

/*【2】学号查询*/
int Print_inquire_num()
{
    void menu_print_out(void);
    struct Student *pt;
    char str_num[10];
    printf("◎请输入您要查询的学号:");
    scanf("%s", str_num);
    pt = ReadData();
    menu_print_out();
    do
    {
        if(strcmp(pt->num,str_num)==0)
        {
            printf("%-10s%6s%8s%4d%13s%11s  %4.1f %4.1f %4.1f %4.1f\n",
                   pt->num,pt->name,pt->sex,pt->age,pt->phone,pt->qq,pt->cscore,
                   pt->escore,(pt->cscore+pt->escore)/2,pt->cscore+pt->escore);
            printf("\n\n");
            return 0;
        }
        pt = pt->next;
    }
    while(pt!=NULL);
    printf("数据库中没有存储您要查询的数据！\n");
    printf("\n\n");
    return 0;
}

/*【3】姓名查询*/
int Print_inquire_name()
{
    void menu_print_out(void);
    struct Student *pt;
    char str_name[20];
    printf("◎请输入您要查询的姓名:");
    scanf("%s", str_name);
    pt = ReadData();
    menu_print_out();
    do
    {
        if(strcmp(pt->name,str_name)==0)
        {
            printf("%-10s%6s%8s%4d%13s%11s  %4.1f %4.1f %4.1f %4.1f\n",
                   pt->num,pt->name,pt->sex,pt->age,pt->phone,pt->qq,pt->cscore,
                   pt->escore,(pt->cscore+pt->escore)/2,pt->cscore+pt->escore);
            printf("\n\n");
            return 0;
        }
        pt = pt->next;
    }
    while(pt!=NULL);
    printf("数据库中没有存储您要查询的数据！\n");
    printf("\n\n");
    return 0;
}

/*【4】模糊查询*/
int Print_inquire_fuzzy(void)
{
    void menu_print_out(void);
    struct Student *pt;
    char str_find[20];
    int m = 0;
    printf("◎请输入您要查询的关键词:");
    scanf("%s", str_find);
    pt = ReadData();
    menu_print_out();
    do
    {
        if(strstr(pt->num,str_find)!=0||strstr(pt->name,str_find)!=0
                ||strstr(pt->sex,str_find)!=0||strstr(pt->phone,str_find)!=0
                ||strstr(pt->qq,str_find)!=0)
        {
            printf("%-10s%6s%8s%4d%13s%11s  %4.1f %4.1f %4.1f %4.1f\n",
                   pt->num,pt->name,pt->sex,pt->age,pt->phone,pt->qq,pt->cscore,
                   pt->escore,(pt->cscore+pt->escore)/2,pt->cscore+pt->escore);
            m = 1;
        }
        pt = pt->next;
    }
    while(pt!=NULL);
    if(!m)
        printf("数据库中没有存储您要查询的数据！\n");
    printf("\n\n");
    return 0;
}

/*成绩统计*/
int Print_inquire_stats(void)
{
    struct Student *head, *p1;
    float CMIN, CMAX, EMIN, EMAX, SMIN, SMAX;
    head = ReadData();
    p1 = head;
    CMIN = CMAX = p1->cscore;
    EMIN = EMAX = p1->escore;
    SMIN = SMAX = p1->cscore + p1->escore;
    while(p1->next!=NULL)
    {
        if(p1->cscore > CMAX)
        {
            CMAX = p1->cscore;
        }
        if(p1->cscore < CMIN)
        {
            CMIN = p1->cscore;
        }
        if(p1->escore > EMAX)
        {
            EMAX = p1->escore;
        }
        if(p1->escore < EMIN)
        {
            EMIN = p1->escore;
        }
        if((p1->cscore + p1->escore) > SMAX)
        {
            SMAX = (p1->cscore + p1->escore);
        }
        if((p1->cscore + p1->escore) < SMIN)
        {
            SMIN = (p1->cscore + p1->escore);
        }
        p1 = p1->next;
    }
    printf("\n");
    printf("◎数据库中C语言最高分为:%4.1f \n", CMAX);
    printf("◎数据库中C语言最低分为:%4.1f \n\n", CMIN);
    printf("◎数据库中英语最高分为:%4.1f \n", EMAX);
    printf("◎数据库中英语最低分为:%4.1f \n\n", EMIN);
    printf("◎数据库中总成绩最高分为:%4.1f \n", SMAX);
    printf("◎数据库中总成绩最低分为:%4.1f \n\n", SMIN);
    printf("\n");
    printf("【PS:更多统计功能更在开发中,敬请期待O(∩_∩)O】\n\n");
    return 0;
}

/*【1】修改数据之删除记录*/
int Delete()
{
    struct Student *pt1, *pt2, *head;
    char str_num[20];
    printf("\n◎请输入您要删除的学号信息:");
    scanf("%s", str_num);
    pt1 = ReadData();
    pt2 = pt1->next;
    head = pt1;
    while(pt2!=NULL)
    {
        if(strcmp(pt1->num,str_num)==0)
        {
            WriteData_wb(pt2);
        }
        else if(strcmp(pt2->num,str_num)==0)
        {
            pt1->next = pt2->next;
            WriteData_wb(head);
        }
        pt2 = pt2->next;
        pt1 = pt1->next;
    }
    if(pt2!=NULL)
        printf("数据库中没有存储您要删除的数据！\n");
    printf("\n\n");
    return 0;
}

/*【2】修改数据之修改记录*/
int Amend()
{
    void menu_print_in(void);
    struct Student *pt1, *pt2, *head;
    char str_num[20];
    printf("◎请输入您要修改的学号信息:");
    scanf("%s", str_num);
    pt1 = ReadData();
    pt2 = pt1->next;
    head = pt1;
    while(pt2!=NULL)
    {
        if(strcmp(pt1->num,str_num)==0)
        {
            menu_print_in();
            scanf("%s%s%s%d%s%s%f%f",pt1->num,pt1->name,pt1->sex,
                  &pt1->age,pt1->phone,pt1->qq,&pt1->cscore,&pt1->escore);
            WriteData_wb(head);
        }
        else if(strcmp(pt2->num,str_num)==0)
        {
            menu_print_in();
            scanf("%s%s%s%d%s%s%f%f",pt2->num,pt2->name,pt2->sex,
                  &pt2->age,pt2->phone,pt2->qq,&pt2->cscore,&pt2->escore);
            WriteData_wb(head);
        }
        pt2 = pt2->next;
        pt1 = pt1->next;
    }
    if(pt2!=NULL)
        printf("数据库中没有存储您要删除的数据！\n");
    return 0;
}

/*【3】修改数据之整理数据*/
int Neaten()
{
    struct Student *first;
    struct Student *tail;
    struct Student *p_min;
    struct Student *min;
    struct Student *p;
    struct Student *head;
    head = ReadData();
    first = NULL;
    while(head!=NULL)
    {
        for(p=head,min=head; p->next!=NULL; p=p->next)
        {
            if(strcmp(p->next->num,min->num)<0)
            {
                p_min = p;
                min = p->next;
            }
        }
        if(first==NULL)
        {
            first = min;
            tail = min;
        }
        else
        {
            tail->next = min;
            tail = min;
        }
        if(min==head)
        {
            head = head->next;
        }
        else
        {
            p_min->next = min->next;
        }
    }
    if(first!=NULL)
    {
        tail->next = NULL;
    }
    head = first;

    WriteData_wb(head);
    return 0;
}

/*输入写入数据的数量*/
int Creat_num(void)
{
    printf("\n◎请输入您此次要添加的数据个数:");
    int n;
    if(scanf("%d", &n)!=1)
    {
        printf("\a error!");
    }
    return n;
}

/*选择将要打开的文件*/
int File_name()
{
    printf("\n◎请输入您想要打开的文件:");
    if(scanf("%s", filename)!=1)
        printf("\a error!");
    return 0;
}

/*主菜单*/
void menu(void)
{
    void menu_add(void);
    void menu_inquire(void);
    void menu_amend(void);
    printf("              ╭════════╮              \n");
    printf("╭══════╣学生管理系统V1.0╠══════╮\n");
    printf("║            ╰════════╯            ║\n");
    printf("║   【1】添加数据           【3】修改数据    ║\n");
    printf("║                                            ║\n");
    printf("║   【2】查询数据           【4】退出系统    ║\n");
    printf("║                                            ║\n");
    printf("║    designed by 东北林业大学计算机5班刘哲   ║\n");
    printf("╰══════════════════════╯\n");
    printf("◎请输入功能前的序号进入相应的工具:【   】\b\b");

    int a = 0;
    a = getchar();

    while(a!='1'&&a!='2'&&a!='3'&&a!='4')
    {
        printf("error! please input the right number!\n");
        putchar('\a');
        getchar();
        printf("◎请重新输入功能前的序号进入相应的工具:【   】\b\b");
        a = getchar();
    }
    switch(a)
    {
    case '1':
        File_name();
        menu_add();
        break;
    case '2':
        File_name();
        menu_inquire();
        break;
    case '3':
        File_name();
        menu_amend();
        break;
    case '4':
        exit(0);
        break;
    }
    getchar();
}

/*二级菜单之添加数据*/
void menu_add(void)
{
    system("cls");
    getchar();
    printf("              ╭════════╮              \n");
    printf("╭══════╣  添加数据方式  ╠══════╮\n");
    printf("║            ╰════════╯            ║\n");
    printf("║ 【1】新建文件 【2】增添数据 【3】返回菜单  ║\n");
    printf("║                                            ║\n");
    printf("╰══════════════════════╯\n");
    printf("◎请输入功能前的序号进入相应的工具:【   】\b\b");

    int a = 0;
    a = getchar();

    while(a!='1'&&a!='2'&&a!='3')
    {
        printf("error! please input the right number!\n");
        putchar('\a');
        getchar();
        printf("◎请重新输入功能前的序号进入相应的工具:【   】\b\b");
        a = getchar();
    }
    switch(a)
    {
    case '1':
        WriteData_wb(Creat(Creat_num()));
        printf("\n◎新建文件成功且数据已成功保存◎\n");
        system("pause");
        system("cls");
        menu_add();
        break;
    case '2':
        WriteData_ab(Creat(Creat_num()));
        printf("\n◎数据已成功添加◎\n");
        system("pause");
        system("cls");
        menu_add();
        break;
    case '3':
        system("cls");
        getchar();
        menu();
        break;
    }
}

/*二级菜单之查询数据*/
void menu_inquire(void)
{
    system("cls");
    getchar();
    while(1)
    {
        system("cls");
        printf("              ╭════════╮              \n");
        printf("╭══════╣  查询数据方式  ╠══════╮\n");
        printf("║            ╰════════╯            ║\n");
        printf("║    【1】全量查询         【4】模糊查询     ║\n");
        printf("║                                            ║\n");
        printf("║    【2】学号查询         【5】成绩统计     ║\n");
        printf("║                                            ║\n");
        printf("║    【3】姓名查询         【6】返回菜单     ║\n");
        printf("╰══════════════════════╯\n");
        printf("◎请输入功能前的序号进入相应的工具:【   】\b\b");
        int a = 0;
        a = getchar();

        while(a!='1'&&a!='2'&&a!='3'&&a!='3'&&a!='4'&&a!='5'&&a!='6')
        {
            printf("error! please input the right number!\n");
            putchar('\a');
            getchar();
            printf("◎请重新输入功能前的序号进入相应的工具:【   】\b\b");
            a = getchar();
        }
        switch(a)
        {
        case '1':
            Print_inquire_all();
            system("pause");
            getchar();
            break;
        case '2':
            Print_inquire_num();
            system("pause");
            getchar();
            break;
        case '3':
            Print_inquire_name();
            system("pause");
            getchar();
            break;
        case '4':
            Print_inquire_fuzzy();
            system("pause");
            getchar();;
            break;
        case '5':
            Print_inquire_stats();
            system("pause");
            getchar();
            break;
        case '6':
            system("cls");
            getchar();
            menu();
            break;
        }
    }
}

/*二级菜单之修改数据*/
void menu_amend(void)
{
    system("cls");
    getchar();
    while(1)
    {
        system("cls");
        printf("              ╭════════╮              \n");
        printf("╭══════╣  修改数据方式  ╠══════╮\n");
        printf("║            ╰════════╯            ║\n");
        printf("║    【1】删除记录          【3】成绩排序    ║\n");
        printf("║                                            ║\n");
        printf("║    【2】修改记录          【4】返回菜单    ║\n");
        printf("╰══════════════════════╯\n");
        printf("◎请输入功能前的序号进入相应的工具:【   】\b\b");

        int a = 0;
        a = getchar();

        while(a!='1'&&a!='2'&&a!='3'&&a!='4')
        {
            printf("error! please input the right number!\n");
            putchar('\a');
            getchar();
            printf("◎请重新输入功能前的序号进入相应的工具:【   】\b\b");
            a = getchar();
        }
        switch(a)
        {
        case '1':
            Delete();
            printf("\n\n◎已成功删除指定数据◎\n");
            system("pause");
            getchar();
            break;
        case '2':
            Amend();
            printf("\n\n◎已成功修改指定数据◎\n");
            system("pause");
            getchar();
            break;
        case '3':
            Neaten();
            printf("\n\n◎数据已成功按照学号重新排列◎\n");
            system("pause");
            getchar();
            break;
        case '4':
            system("cls");
            getchar();
            menu();
            break;
        }
    }
}

/*输入输出提示栏*/
void menu_print_in(void)
{
    printf("------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
    printf("学号      姓名     性别  年龄    电话         QQ        C    E          \n");
    printf("------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
}
void menu_print_out(void)
{
    printf("--------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
    printf("学号      姓名     性别  年龄    电话         QQ        C    E    A    S  \n");
    printf("--------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
}

/*主函数*/
int main()
{
//	SetConsoleTitle(L"C++学生信息管理系统");
    system("COLOR 3F");
    menu();
    return 0;
}