Spring事务管理--嵌套事务详解
转载自 https://www.2cto.com/kf/201607/529762.html
一、前言
最近开发程序的时候，出现数据库自增id跳数字情况，无奈之下dba遍查操作日志，没有delete记录。才开始慢慢来查询事物问题。多久以来欠下的账，今天该还给spring事物。 希望大家有所收获。2016年07月19日22:32:38
二、spring嵌套事物
1、展示项目代码--简单测springboot项目
整体项目就这么简单，为了方便。这里就只有biz层与service层，主要作为两层嵌套，大家只要看看大概就ok。后面会给出git项目地址，下载下来看一看就明白，力求最简单。
下面我们分情况介绍异常。
Controller 调用层（没有使用它作为外层，因为controller作为外层要在servlet-mvc.xml 配置就ok。但是我觉得比较麻烦，一般也不推荐）
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package
com.ycy.app;
import
org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import
org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;
import
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration;
import
org.springframework.context.annotation.ImportResource;
import
org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import
org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
/** * Created by ycy on 16/7/19. */
@RestController
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableAutoConfiguration
(exclude = {DataSourceAutoConfiguration.
class
})
@ImportResource
({
"classpath:/applicationContext.xml"
})
public
class
Application {
@Autowired
private
TestBiz testBiz;
@RequestMapping
(
"/"
) String home()
throws
Exception { System.out.println(
"controller 正常执行"
); testBiz.insetTes();
return
" 正常返回Hello World!"
; }
public
static
void
main(String[] args)
throws
Exception { SpringApplication.run(Application.
class
, args); } }
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package
com.ycy.app;
import
com.ycy.service.TestService;
import
org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import
org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import
org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
/** * Created by ycy on 16/7/20. */
@Component
public
class
TestBiz {
@Autowired
private
TestService testService;
@Transactional
public
void
insetTes() {
for
(
int
j =
0
; j <
8
; j++) { testService.testInsert(j, j +
"姓名"
); } System.out.println(
"biz层 正常执行"
); } }
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package
com.ycy.service.impl;
import
com.ycy.center.dao.entity.YcyTable;
import
com.ycy.center.dao.mapper.YcyTableMapper;
import
org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import
org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import
org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
/** * Created by ycy on 16/7/19. */
@Service
public
class
TestServiceImpl
implements
com.ycy.service.TestService {
@Autowired
private
YcyTableMapper ycyTableMapper;
@Transactional
public
void
testInsert(
int
num,String name) { YcyTable ycyTable=
new
YcyTable(); ycyTable.setName(name); ycyTable.setNum(num); ycyTableMapper.insert(ycyTable); System.out.println(num+
"service正常执行"
); } }
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2、外部起事物，内部起事物，内外都无Try Catch外部异常：
代码展示，修改外层Biz层代码如下
@Component public class TestBiz { @Autowired private TestService testService; @Transactional public void insetTes() { for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++) { testService.testInsert(j, j + "姓名"); if (j == 3) { int i = 1 / 0;// 此处会产生异常 } } System.out.println("biz层 正常执行"); } }打印执行结果：0-3service正常执行 数据库结果：全部数据回滚
外部异常总结:内外都无try Catch的时候，外部异常，全部回滚。
内部异常：
代码展示，修改service层代码
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package
com.ycy.service.impl;
import
com.ycy.center.dao.entity.YcyTable;
import
com.ycy.center.dao.mapper.YcyTableMapper;
import
org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import
org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import
org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
/**
* Created by ycy on 16/7/19.
*/
@Service
public
class
TestServiceImpl
implements
com.ycy.service.TestService {
@Autowired
private
YcyTableMapper ycyTableMapper;
@Transactional
public
void
testInsert(
int
num, String name) {
YcyTable ycyTable =
new
YcyTable();
ycyTable.setName(name);
ycyTable.setNum(num);
ycyTableMapper.insert(ycyTable);
if
(num ==
3
) {
int
i =
1
/
0
;
// 此处会产生异常
}
System.out.println(num +
"service正常执行"
);
}
}
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打印执行结果：0-3service正常执行 数据库结果：全部数据回滚
3、外部起事物，内部起事物，外部有Try Catch
外部异常：
代码展示，修改biz层代码
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@Component
public
class
TestBiz {
@Autowired
private
TestService testService;
@Transactional
public
void
insetTes() {
try
{
for
(
int
j =
0
; j <
8
; j++) {
testService.testInsert(j, j +
"姓名"
);
if
(j ==
3
) {
int
i =
1
/
0
;
// 此处会产生异常
}
}
}
catch
(Exception ex) {
System.out.println(
"异常日志处理"
);
}
System.out.println(
"biz层 正常执行"
);
}
}
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外部异常总结：外部有try Catch时候，外部异常，不能回滚（事物错误）
内部异常：
代码展示，修改service层代码：
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@Service
public
class
TestServiceImpl
implements
com.ycy.service.TestService {
@Autowired
private
YcyTableMapper ycyTableMapper;
@Transactional
public
void
testInsert(
int
num, String name) {
YcyTable ycyTable =
new
YcyTable();
ycyTable.setName(name);
ycyTable.setNum(num);
ycyTableMapper.insert(ycyTable);
if
(num ==
3
) {
int
i =
1
/
0
;
// 此处会产生异常
}
System.out.println(num +
"service正常执行"
);
}
}
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4、外部起事物，内部起事物，内部有Try Catch
外部异常:
代码展示，修改biz层：
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@Component
public
class
TestBiz {
@Autowired
private
TestService testService;
@Transactional
public
void
insetTes() {
for
(
int
j =
0
; j <
8
; j++) {
testService.testInsert(j, j +
"姓名"
);
if
(j ==
3
) {
int
i =
1
/
0
;
// 此处会产生异常
}
}
System.out.println(
"biz层 正常执行"
);
}
}
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打印结果：0-3service打印正常 数据库结果：无数据，全部数据回滚
外部异常总结：内部有try Catch，外部异常，全部回滚
内部异常：
修改service层代码：
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@Service
public
class
TestServiceImpl
implements
com.ycy.service.TestService {
@Autowired
private
YcyTableMapper ycyTableMapper;
@Transactional
public
void
testInsert(
int
num, String name) {
try
{
YcyTable ycyTable =
new
YcyTable();
ycyTable.setName(name);
ycyTable.setNum(num);
ycyTableMapper.insert(ycyTable);
if
(num ==
3
) {
int
i =
1
/
0
;
// 此处会产生异常
}
}
catch
(Exception ex) {
System.out.println(num +
"service异常日志"
);
}
System.out.println(num +
"service正常执行"
);
}
}
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打印结果：0-0service打印正常 数据库结果：没有回滚
5、外部起事物，内部起事物，内外有Try Catch
外部异常：
代码展示，修改biz层：
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@Component
public
class
TestBiz {
@Autowired
private
TestService testService;
@Transactional
public
void
insetTes() {
try
{
for
(
int
j =
0
; j <
8
; j++) {
testService.testInsert(j, j +
"姓名"
);
if
(j ==
3
) {
int
i =
1
/
0
;
// 此处会产生异常
}
}
}
catch
(Exception ex) {
System.out.println(
"biz层异常日志处理"
);
}
System.out.println(
"biz层 正常执行"
);
}
}
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打印结果：0-3service打印正常 数据库结果：插入三条数据，没有回滚
外部异常总结：内外都有try Catch，外部异常，事物执行一半（事物失败）
内部异常：
代码展示,修改service 层代码
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@Service
public
class
TestServiceImpl
implements
com.ycy.service.TestService {
@Autowired
private
YcyTableMapper ycyTableMapper;
@Transactional
public
void
testInsert(
int
num, String name) {
try
{
YcyTable ycyTable =
new
YcyTable();
ycyTable.setName(name);
ycyTable.setNum(num);
ycyTableMapper.insert(ycyTable);
if
(num ==
3
) {
int
i =
1
/
0
;
// 此处会产生异常
}
}
catch
(Exception ex) {
System.out.println(num +
"service异常日志处理"
);
}
System.out.println(num +
"service正常执行"
);
}
}
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打印结果：0-7service打印正常，3异常日子好 数据库结果：插入全部，没有回滚
三、嵌套事物总结
事物成功总结
1、内外都无try Catch的时候，外部异常，全部回滚。
2、内外都无try Catch的时候，内部异常，全部回滚。
3、外部有try Catch时候，内部异常，全部回滚
4、内部有try Catch，外部异常，全部回滚
5、友情提示：外层方法中调取其他接口，或者另外开启线程的操作，一定放到最后！！！(因为调取接口不能回滚，一定要最后来处理)
总结：由于上面的异常被捕获导致，很多事务回滚失败。如果一定要将捕获，请捕获后又抛出RuntimeException（默认为异常捕获RuntimeException）。
四、正确的嵌套事物实例
controller层
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package
com.ycy.app;
import
org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import
org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;
import
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration;
import
org.springframework.context.annotation.ImportResource;
import
org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import
org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
/**
* Created by ycy on 16/7/19.
*/
@RestController
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableAutoConfiguration
(exclude = {DataSourceAutoConfiguration.
class
})
@ImportResource
({
"classpath:/applicationContext.xml"
})
public
class
Application {
@Autowired
private
TestBiz testBiz;
@RequestMapping
(
"/"
)
String home() {
System.out.println(
"controller 正常执行"
);
try
{
testBiz.insetTes();
}
catch
(Exception e) {
System.out.println(
"controller 异常日志执行"
);
}
return
" 正常返回Hello World!"
;
}
public
static
void
main(String[] args)
throws
Exception {
SpringApplication.run(Application.
class
, args);
}
}
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外层biz层：
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package
com.ycy.app;
import
org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import
org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import
org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import
com.ycy.service.TestService;
/**
* Created by ycy on 16/7/20.
*/
@Component
public
class
TestBiz {
@Autowired
private
TestService testService;
@Transactional
public
void
insetTes()
throws
Exception {
try
{
for
(
int
j =
0
; j <
8
; j++) {
testService.testInsert(j, j +
"姓名"
);
if
(j ==
3
) {
int
i =
1
/
0
;
// 此处会产生异常
}
}
}
catch
(Exception ex) {
System.out.println(
"biz层异常日志处理"
);
throw
new
RuntimeException(ex);
}
System.out.println(
"biz层 正常执行"
);
}
}
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内层service层
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package
com.ycy.service.impl;
import
com.ycy.center.dao.entity.YcyTable;
import
com.ycy.center.dao.mapper.YcyTableMapper;
import
org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import
org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import
org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
/**
* Created by ycy on 16/7/19.
*/
@Service
public
class
TestServiceImpl
implements
com.ycy.service.TestService {
@Autowired
private
YcyTableMapper ycyTableMapper;
@Transactional
public
void
testInsert(
int
num, String name)
throws
Exception {
try
{
YcyTable ycyTable =
new
YcyTable();
ycyTable.setName(name);
ycyTable.setNum(num);
ycyTableMapper.insert(ycyTable);
if
(num==
3
) {
int
i =
1
/
0
;
// 此处会产生异常
}
}
catch
(Exception ex) {
System.out.println(num +
"service异常日志处理"
);
throw
new
RuntimeException(ex);
}
System.out.println(num +
"service正常执行"
);
}
}
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