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算法训练营重编码_编码训练营手册：沉浸式工程程序介绍

算法训练营重编码

Before you spend thousands of dollars and several months of your life on a coding bootcamp, spend 30 minutes reading this handbook.

在花费数千美元和一生中的几个月时间参加编码训练营之前，请花30分钟阅读本手册。

这本手册适用于谁？ (Who is this handbook for?)

Anyone considering attending a bootcamp
任何考虑参加训练营的人
Any developer considering founding a bootcamp or teaching at one
任何考虑建立新兵训练营或一起教书的开发人员
Any journalist writing about bootcamps
任何有关训练营的记者

对于认为自己太忙以致无法阅读本手册的人... (For the people who think they're too busy to read this handbook...)

My advice to you boils down to this: Do your research.

我对您的建议可以归结为： 做您的研究 。

Apply for lots of developer jobs first. Go through some job interviews. You may be able to get a developer job without needing to attend a bootcamp.

首先申请许多开发人员职位。 通过一些工作面试。您可能无需参加训练营就能获得开发人员的工作。

Don't blindly trust bootcamps' testimonials or employment statistics. Use LinkedIn to reach out to their alumni directly.

不要盲目相信训练营的推荐或就业统计。 使用LinkedIn可以直接与他们的校友联系。

Prepare yourself. Make sure you have enough money. If you're ready to enroll, make sure you have enough cash to pay tuition. And make sure you have enough cash to survive during the bootcamp, and for 6 months after while you apply for jobs.

做好准备。 确保您有足够的钱。如果您准备注册，请确保您有足够的现金支付学费。并确保您有足够的现金在新兵训练营期间以及求职后的6个月内能够生存。

Bootcamps aren't magic. Bootcamps can only help prepare you. You have to learn everything. You have to go through the developer job interview process. You have to put in the work.

训练营不是魔术。 训练营只能帮助您做好准备。你必须学习一切。您必须完成开发人员面试过程。您必须投入工作。

关于客观性的注释 (A note on objectivity)

I've designed this handbook to be as objective as possible. To this end, I do not mention any bootcamps or their founders by name. I do not link to any of their websites.

我已将此手册设计为尽可能客观。为此， 我没有提及任何训练营或其创建者的名字。 我没有链接到他们的任何网站。

I didn't write this handbook to help bootcamps. I wrote this handbook to help you.

我没有写这本手册来帮助训练营。我写了这本手册来帮助您。

As the teacher who founded freeCodeCamp, I am in a unique position to write about bootcamps for three reasons:

作为创建freeCodeCamp的老师，我在以下方面有独特的位置来撰写有关训练营的信息：

A lot of bootcamps use freeCodeCamp for their curriculum and course prepwork. I've helped coach a lot of bootcamp founders on how to prepare people for developer careers.
许多训练营都使用freeCodeCamp进行课程和课程准备。我已经帮助了许多训练营的创始人，指导如何为开发人员的职业做好准备。
I learned to code in San Francisco in the early 2010's, when bootcamps first came onto the scene. I didn't attend a bootcamp, but I hung out with many bootcamp founders and attended student "demo days."
我在2010年初的训练营首次出现在旧金山时，就学会了编码。我没有参加训练营，但是我和许多训练营的创建者闲逛，还参加了学生的“演示日”。
Over the past 3 years, I've conducted significant primary research. I've published several datasets containing responses from thousands of bootcamp alumni.
在过去的三年中，我进行了重要的基础研究。我已经发布了几个数据集，其中包含来自数千个训练营校友的响应。

freeCodeCamp's mission is to help as many people learn to code as possible. Bootcamps help a lot of people accomplish this. So they are helping freeCodeCamp in our mission.

freeCodeCamp的任务是帮助尽可能多的人学习编码。训练营可以帮助很多人实现这一目标。因此，他们正在帮助freeCodeCamp执行我们的任务。

This said, freeCodeCamp has never received any compensation from bootcamps. Several of the big bootcamp chains have approached us about sponsorship. We have always refused.

也就是说，freeCodeCamp从未从训练营获得任何补偿。几家大型训练营连锁企业已就赞助事宜与我们联系。我们一直拒绝。

我为什么要写这本手册？ (Why did I write this handbook?)

When you Google "coding bootcamp" or "coding bootcamps in [city name]", you find a lot of bootcamp review websites. But there are fundamental problems with these review sites.

当您使用Google“对训练营进行编码”或“在[城市名称]中对训练营进行编码”时，您会发现许多关于训练营的网站。但是这些评论网站存在一些根本性的问题。

First, these review sites are sponsored by the bootcamps themselves. Bootcamps pay for advertisements. They pay to rank higher in the search results. They pay for "paid placement" blog articles, op-eds, and other publicity.

首先，这些评论网站是由训练营本身赞助的。训练营为广告付费。他们付费以在搜索结果中排名更高。他们为“付费展示位置”博客文章，评论和其他宣传付费。

This is a conflict of interest.

这是利益冲突。

Second, many of the reviews on these sites were coerced. I've heard stories from graduates of several bootcamps who were pressured to leave positive reviews. In some cases, bootcamps made students write reviews as a mandatory in-class activity.

其次，这些网站上的许多评论都被强制了。我从几个训练营的毕业生那里听到了一些故事，他们被迫留下正面评价。在某些情况下，训练营使学生写评论作为一项强制性的课堂活动。

There are also a lot of fake reviews written by marketing departments.

市场部门也撰写了许多虚假评论。

It's impossible to know which bootcamps are playing by the rules and which are cheating. So all that these review sites accomplish is to help cheaters drown out the more ethical bootcamps.

不可能知道哪些训练营正在遵守规则，哪些正在欺骗。因此，这些评论网站所做的全部工作就是帮助作弊者淹没更符合道德的训练营。

Instead of relying on websites full of dubious reviews, you should think for yourself. There are no shortcuts to making a decision this important.

而不是依赖充满可疑评论的网站，您应该自己考虑。没有任何捷径可以使这项决定如此重要。

"The #1 marker of quality of a bootcamp is how hard it is to get in. Online reviews are completely and 100% gamed. Job placement statistics are also ruthlessly gamed. The only thing that's ungameable by a bootcamp is how hard it is to get in." - one of the former bootcamp managers I talked to while researching this handbook

“新兵训练营质量的＃1标志是进入的难易程度。完全完成了在线评论，并且进行了100％的比赛。工作安置统计数据也被残酷地对待。新兵训练营唯一无法克服的事情是进来。” -在研究本手册时曾与之交谈的前训练营经理之一

This handbook will give you a framework you can use to understand how bootcamps work. It will help you research your options and plan the path to your first developer job.

本手册将为您提供一个框架，您可以使用该框架来了解新手训练营的工作方式。它将帮助您研究您的选择并计划您的第一个开发人员工作的路径。

训练营到底是什么？ (What exactly is a bootcamp?)

Bootcamps are schools where you learn to code full-time - usually in person.

训练营是您学习全职编码的学校-通常是亲自授课。

Most bootcamps are around 12 weeks long, though some are as long as a year.

大多数训练营大约需要12周，尽管有些训练营长达一年。

Most bootcamps cost between US $10,000 and $20,000.

大多数训练营的费用在10,000至20,000美元之间。

Some bootcamps offer loans - either directly or through a financing company.

一些训练营直接或通过融资公司提供贷款。

Some bootcamps offer "Income Share Agreements" where instead of paying up front, you pay a percentage of your pre-tax income (usually 17%) for several years (usually 2 years). This is not "free money" - and I'll explain it in detail below.

一些训练营提供“收入分享协议”，您无需支付前期费用，而是支付几年(通常为2年)的税前收入的一定比例(通常为17％)。这不是“免费的钱”-我将在下面详细解释。

The goal of a bootcamp is to take a classroom full of people who have never worked in tech before and help them get their first developer job.

训练营的目标是让一个教室里挤满了以前从未从事过技术工作的人员，并帮助他们获得了第一份开发人员的工作。

That's a tall order. And there's a lot of money on the line. Which leads us to the next question.

这是一个很高的要求。而且线上有很多钱。这就引出了下一个问题。

训练营真的有效吗？ (Do bootcamps actually work?)

In many cases, yes. Every year, thousands of bootcamp grads get their first developer jobs.

在很多情况下，是的。每年，成千上万的训练营毕业生都得到了他们的第一份开发工作。

"The best bootcamps take people with raw ability and turn them into (lightly) experienced programmers. Most of what they do in some ways is selection, and then put people into pressure cookers of learning." - a former bootcamp manager I talked to

“最好的训练营将具有才干的人带入，使他们成为(轻度)经验丰富的程序员。他们在某些方面所做的大部分工作是选择，然后使人们成为学习的压力锅。” -我与之交谈的前训练营经理

But there are also bootcamp grads who fail to get a developer job and end up going back to their past careers.

但是，也有一些训练营的毕业生没有找到开发人员的工作，最终回到了过去的职业生涯。

Success comes down to a few factors:

成功归结为以下几个因素：

How selective the bootcamp is
训练营的选择性
How capable the teachers are
老师的能力如何
And whether the people running the bootcamp care about their employment statistics or are just in it for short term financial gains.
以及参加训练营的人们是否关心自己的就业统计数据，还是只是为了短期的经济利益而在其中。

Most bootcamps don't publicly share their numbers. And the bootcamps who do may use non-standard metrics. This makes it difficult for you to make apples-to-apples comparisons.

大多数训练营不会公开分享他们的人数。这样做的训练营可能会使用非标准指标。这使您很难进行苹果之间的比较。

But there's a growing transparency movement within bootcamps. They are pressuring one another to be more accountable.

但是，新兵训练营内部的透明度运动正在不断发展。他们互相施加压力，要求他们承担更多责任。

Some bootcamps want to self-regulate the industry before the government is forced to step in and regulate it for them.

一些训练营希望在政府被迫介入并对其进行监管之前对行业进行自我监管。

Bootcamps have only existed as a form of post-high school education for a few years. They aren't yet regulated like colleges and universities. That is, through accreditation.

训练营仅作为一种高中教育形式存在了几年。他们还没有像大学和大学那样受到监管。即通过认证。

训练营是否得到认可？ (Are bootcamps accredited?)

The short answer is no, they aren't accredited.

简短的答案是不，他们没有被认可。

But first, what does it meant to be accredited? And why's that so important for colleges and universities?

但是首先，获得认证意味着什么？为什么对大学如此重要？

In the US, most universities are regionally accredited. And some academic programs are nationally accredited, such as English preparation schools.

在美国，大多数大学都获得地区认证。某些学术课程已获得国家认可，例如英语预备学校。

There are two major reasons for this:

这样做的主要原因有两个：

accredited schools can help students get a US visa
认可的学校可以帮助学生获得美国签证
accredited schools can help students get federal grants or federal student loans
认可的学校可以帮助学生获得联邦赠款或联邦学生贷款

In order to get accredited, schools have to undergo an audit by independent educators. These auditors dig through files and make sure the school is following all the laws. They also make sure students are getting jobs after they graduate.

为了获得认证，学校必须接受独立教育者的审核。这些审核员会仔细检查文件，并确保学校遵守所有法律。他们还确保学生毕业后能找到工作。

If graduates from the school aren't able to get jobs in their field of study, that's a red flag. The school may lose its accreditation.

如果学校的毕业生无法在他们的研究领域找到工作，那是一个危险信号。学校可能会失去认证资格。

You may have heard the term "diploma mill". These are colleges and universities that have lost their accreditation (or never got accredited in the first place). They sell worthless courses and worthless diplomas.

您可能听说过“文凭工厂”一词。这些是失去认证(或从未获得认证)的学院和大学。他们出售毫无价值的课程和毫无价值的文凭。

In the US, public universities are run by the government. These are accredited. And most private universities are run by nonprofits - often by religious organizations. These are usually accredited, too.

在美国，公立大学由政府管理。这些都是经过认可的。而且大多数私立大学都是由非营利组织经营的-通常由宗教组织经营。这些通常也被认可。

But there's a third category of university: private for-profit universities. And this is where things get a little sketchy. Some of these universities are accredited, but some of them aren't.

但是还有第三类大学：私立营利性大学。这就是事情有点粗略的地方。这些大学中有一些是经过认证的，但有些则没有。

These private for-profit universities advertise heavily on late-night TV and buy lots of Facebook ads. They trick unsophisticated students into enrolling.

这些私立营利性大学在深夜电视上大量投放广告，并购买了大量Facebook广告。他们欺骗简单的学生招生。

"A foole and his money is soone parted." - Dr. John Bridges, way back in 1587

“一个愚蠢的人和他的钱都分了。” -约翰·布里奇斯博士，可追溯到1587年

In some cases, these schools qualify for federal student loans, the GI Bill, and other forms of government assistance.

在某些情况下，这些学校有资格获得联邦学生贷款，《地理标志法案》和其他形式的政府援助。

Plainly put, most of these private for-profit universities are a scam. The US government is slowly shutting them down. But many people still fall for their marketing and end up thousands of dollars in debt with a worthless degree.

简而言之，这些私立营利性大学大多数都是骗局。美国政府正在慢慢关闭它们。但是，许多人仍然因行销而陷于困境，最终无计可得地负债数千美元。

Even so, word of these scams spreads slowly. And even when a school sounds too good to be true, people still want to believe.

即使这样，这些骗局的消息仍在慢慢传播。即使学校听起来好得难以置信，人们仍然想相信。

This brings us back to coding bootcamps.

这使我们回到编码训练营。

Without some form of accreditation, a few bootcamps who are focused on short term financial gains - rather than the long-term health of the bootcamp model - can ride a wave of bootcamp popularity. They can get rich while serving up sub-par results for students.

如果没有某种形式的认证，一些专注于短期财务收益(而不是训练营模型的长期健康)的训练营可以乘风破浪。他们可以在为学生提供低于标准的成绩的同时致富。

A bootcamp accreditation system could help prevent this.

训练营认证系统可以帮助防止这种情况。

As I mentioned, most bootcamps don't have the resources to get accredited. Or they haven't existed long enough to qualify. This is where self-regulation comes into play.

正如我所提到的，大多数训练营都没有获得认证的资源。或者他们还没有足够长的时间来符合资格。这就是自我调节发挥作用的地方。

The Council on Integrity in Results Reporting (CIRR) is a joint effort by bootcamps to publicly share the employment statistics of their graduates in a way everyone can understand.

结果报告诚信委员会(CIRR)是新兵训练营的共同努力，以每个人都能理解的方式公开分享其毕业生的就业统计数据。

Many prominent bootcamps are a part of this initiative. But some prominent bootcamps aren't participating or have stopped sharing their data.

许多著名的训练营都是该计划的一部分。但是一些著名的训练营没有参加或已经停止共享其数据。

A bootcamp's membership in the CIRR isn't the same thing as getting accredited, but it's a good start.

在CIRR中，新手训练营的成员资格与获得认证并不相同，但这是一个好的开始。

训练营毕业生获得什么样的薪水？ (What kind of salaries do bootcamp graduates get?)

Based on public data, bootcamp graduates earn the same starting salary as other entry-level developers. This includes computer science majors and other university graduates who learned to code on their own.

根据公开数据，训练营毕业生的起薪与其他入门级开发人员相同。这包括计算机科学专业和其他自学编码的大学毕业生。

The biggest factor in how much money you get paid as an entry-level developer is the cost of living of the city. A junior developer in San Francisco can make twice as much as a junior developer in the middle of America.

作为入门级开发商，您获得多少钱的最大因素是城市的生活成本。旧金山的初级开发人员的收入是美国中部的初级开发人员的两倍。

If a bootcamp says their graduates get higher starting salaries than the graduates of other bootcamps, that means most of their graduates get jobs in more expensive cities like San Francisco.

如果一个新兵训练营说他们的毕业生的起薪高于其他新兵训练营的毕业生，那意味着他们的大多数毕业生在像旧金山这样的更昂贵的城市找到工作。

训练营的毕业生需要多长时间才能找到工作？ (How long does it take bootcamp graduates to get a job?)

This depends on the bootcamp. Some bootcamps have extensive career coaching. Others have close ties to local industry and can help you line up job interviews. Both of these can significantly shorten the number of months you spend applying for jobs afterward.

这取决于新兵训练营。一些训练营有广泛的职业指导。其他人则与当地行业有密切联系，可以帮助您安排工作面试。两者都可以大大缩短您以后申请工作的时间。

The post-bootcamp job search takes about 6 months on average.

训练营后的工作搜索平均大约需要6个月。

训练营的完成率是多少？ (What is the completion rate for bootcamps?)

A majority of people who start bootcamps go on to finish them.

大多数开始训练营的人都会继续完成训练。

Most good bootcamps are selective. If they don't think you'll be able to get a developer job after the program, they won't accept you.

大多数好的训练营都是选择性的。如果他们认为您不能在计划结束后获得开发人员的工作，他们将不会接受您。

Bootcamps have a short-term incentive to accept you so they can get your tuition dollars. But they also have a long-term incentive not to accept you if they think you could hurt their employment statistics.

训练营有一个短期的动机来接受您，这样他们就可以获得您的学费。但是，如果他们认为您可能会损害他们的就业数据，他们也会长期拒绝接受您。

This said, not all bootcamps care about their employment statistics. Some may focus on short term cash, due to financial desperation. (A lot of high-profile bootcamps have shut down in recent years.)

也就是说，并非所有训练营都关心他们的就业统计数据。由于财务状况不佳，一些人可能只关注短期现金。 (近年来，许多备受瞩目的训练营都关闭了。)

In some cases, bootcamps may kick out students half way through their program.

在某些情况下，训练营可能会将学生踢出课程的一半。

If the bootcamp is a "cash up front" bootcamp, they've already reaped the short-term benefit of enrolling you. Even if you're under-performing, it may make sense to try to salvage you rather than give you a refund.

如果该训练营是“现金预付”训练营，那么他们已经收获了注册您的短期利益。即使您表现不佳，也可以尝试挽救自己而不是退款。

These bootcamps do still want the long-term benefit of you boosting their employment statistics. But this benefit is more abstract than the cold hard cash you've handed them.

这些训练营仍然希望您能从长期就业中受益，从而增加他们的就业统计数据。但是，这种好处比您交给他们的冷钱更为抽象。

On the other hand, wage-garnishing bootcamps (remember those Income Sharing Agreements) have a bigger incentive to kick you out if you're under-performing. This is because they only benefit over the longer term (17% of your salary over the next 2 years).

另一方面，如果您表现不佳，那么加薪的训练营(记住那些收入分享协议)就会有更大的动机将您赶出去。这是因为他们只能从更长远的时间受益(未来两年您的工资的17％)。

Also, some bootcamp students decide to drop out for a variety of reasons. These may have nothing to do with the bootcamp itself, such as major life events.

另外，一些训练营的学生出于各种原因决定退学。这些可能与训练营本身无关，例如重大生活事件。

人们多久从训练营毕业一次却没有过渡到技术领域？ (How often do people graduate from bootcamps but fail to transition into tech?)

Usually by the time people enroll in more selective bootcamps, they've already spent a lot of time coding, and are close to being able to get a developer job. So it's less common for these bootcamp graduates to fail to find a job.

通常，当人们报名参加更具选择性的训练营时，他们已经花了很多时间进行编码，并且接近能够获得开发人员的工作。因此，这些训练营毕业生找不到工作的情况较少。

But regardless of your skills, finding a developer job is inherently difficult. Bootcamps can aid you in this process, and many of them have career counselors to help.

但是，不管您的技能如何，找到开发人员的工作本质上都是困难的。训练营可以在此过程中为您提供帮助，其中许多都有职业顾问的帮助。

It is not uncommon for graduates of even selective bootcamps to have to apply to hundreds of developer jobs (and interview at dozens of companies) before getting a satisfactory job offer.

即使是有选择性的训练营的毕业生，在获得满意的工作机会之前，也必须申请数百个开发人员的工作(并在数十家公司进行面试)，这种情况并不少见。

"Sometimes people put in all the work, and are talented, but just don’t get lucky for a long time. Other times, many people spam click job applications job boards. This rarely works.

“有时候人们会投入所有工作，而且才华横溢，但是很长一段时间都没运气。有时，很多人会通过垃圾邮件点击工作申请工作板。这很少起作用。

"Sometimes people put in all the work, and are talented, but just don’t get lucky for a long time. Other times, many people spam click job applications job boards. This rarely works.

“有时候人们会投入所有工作，而且才华横溢，但是很长一段时间都没运气。有时，很多人会通过垃圾邮件点击工作申请工作板。这很少起作用。

So in many cases, when people fail to transition into tech, it's not really the bootcamp's fault. Some people just underestimate how arduous the job search process can be and give up before they find success.

因此，在许多情况下，当人们无法过渡到技术时，这实际上不是训练营的错。有些人只是低估了求职过程的艰辛，在找到成功之前就放弃了。

有哪些类型的训练营？ (What types of bootcamps are there?)

Some bootcamps focus on particular stacks, like Ruby on Rails, Python / Django, or Java / Android. Some even focus on specific technical careers, like User Experience Design.

一些训练营专注于特定的堆栈，例如Ruby on Rails，Python / Django或Java / Android。有些甚至专注于特定的技术职业，例如用户体验设计。

But it's more helpful to think of bootcamps in terms of their ownership structure. What are their incentives?

但是从训练营的所有权结构角度考虑更为有用。他们的诱因是什么？

私有的本地训练营 (Privately-Owned Local Bootcamps)

These are often founded by one or more local developers. The founders may teach some of the classes themselves. (This is usually a good thing.)

这些通常是由一个或多个本地开发商创建的。创始人可以自己教一些课程。 (这通常是一件好事。)

Most bootcamps start out as locally-owned, single-campus schools like these.

大多数训练营都是从像这样的当地独资单校开始的。

私有训练营链 (Privately-Owned Bootcamp Chains)

As locally-owned bootcamps grow, their founders may open additional campuses in other cities.

随着本地拥有的训练营的增长，其创始人可能会在其他城市开设其他校园。

By operating more than one campus, owners get the advantages of economies of scale and economies of scope. They can spread the burden of fixed costs (like marketing and curriculum) across several schools.

通过经营多个校区，业主可以获得规模经济和范围经济的优势。它们可以将固定成本(如市场营销和课程)的负担分散到几所学校。

This said, it's hard to offer consistent quality across multiple schools.

这就是说，很难在多所学校之间提供一致的质量。

My advice to prospective students is to treat each city campus as its own school. Don't rely on the overall reputation of a bootcamp chain. Instead, do your research. Seek out alumni from that specific campus and interview them.

我对准学生的建议是将每个城市校园都视为自己的学校。不要依赖训练营链的整体声誉。相反，请进行研究。从那个特定的校园中寻找校友并进行采访。

基于大学的训练营 (University-based bootcamps)

Most university-based bootcamps aren't run by the university itself. They are run by for-profit education companies.

大多数基于大学的训练营都不是由大学本身运营的。它们由营利性教育公司运营。

Universities contract with these private companies to run the bootcamps. These bootcamps pay the university a hefty fee to use their classroom space and - more importantly - their prestigious name. It's a controversial practice.

大学与这些私营公司签约以运营训练营。这些训练营向大学支付了沉重的费用，以使用他们的教室空间，更重要的是，使用他们的声望很高的名字。这是一个有争议的做法。

When you look at a university-based bootcamp, don't rely on the reputation of the university itself. Instead, do your own research.

当您查看基于大学的训练营时，请不要依赖大学本身的声誉。相反，请自己进行研究。

免费的非营利训练营 (Free Nonprofit Bootcamps)

Nonprofit bootcamps are similar to their locally-run for-profit counterparts. The main difference is these have no profit incentive.

非营利训练营类似于其在当地经营的营利性营地。主要区别在于这些没有获利动机。

With traditional 501(c)(3) nonprofits, there is no ownership. Nobody owns stock. Instead, they're owned by the public.

对于传统的501(c)(3)非营利组织，没有所有权。没有人拥有股票。相反，它们归公众所有。

This is how The Red Cross, Doctors Without Borders, and freeCodeCamp are all incorporated.

这就是红十字会，无国界医生组织和freeCodeCamp合并的方式。

And some bootcamps use this structure as well.

一些训练营也使用这种结构。

Some nonprofit bootcamps are completely free. They are donor-supported, or supported through grants from the government.

一些非营利性的训练营是完全免费的。它们是捐助者支持的，或者是通过政府的赠款支持的。

There are several of these programs aimed at retraining military veterans and refugees.

这些方案中有几个旨在对退伍军人和难民进行再培训。

免费营利训练营 (Free For-Profit Bootcamps)

Surprisingly, there are a few bootcamps that are for-profit but still free. And these programs don't use Income Sharing Agreements to garnish your wages, either.

令人惊讶的是，有一些营利性营地，但仍然免费。而且这些程序也不会使用收入分成协议来加薪。

These programs are selective. They may require applicants to have a Ph.D. or other advanced degree.

这些程序是选择性的。他们可能会要求申请人拥有博士学位。或其他高级学位。

These programs make 100% of their money from employers. The program charges employers a recruitment fee when they place you at their company. These recruitment fees can be as high as 33% of your first year's salary.

这些计划的收入100％来自雇主。该计划在雇主将您安置到公司时向其收取招聘费。这些招聘费用可能高达您第一年薪水的33％。

But you as a student don't pay anything. Your future employer covers the expense of the bootcamp for you.

但是您作为学生不需要支付任何费用。您未来的雇主将为您支付新兵训练营的费用。

在线训练营 (Online bootcamps)

I mention these last because they are new and experimental.

我最后提到这些是因为它们是新的和实验性的。

It's one thing to take a student who is new to coding and prepare them for their first job in a matter of months. It's another thing to do this completely online.

接受编码方面的新手，并在几个月内为他们的第一份工作做好准备，这是一回事。完全在线执行此操作是另一回事。

"Learn to code" style websites can teach you online because they are designed for long-term use. If you practice coding online several times each week for a year or two, your skills will steadily improve.

“学习编码”风格的网站可以在线教您，因为它们是为长期使用而设计的。如果您在一两年内每周几次练习在线编码，那么您的技能将稳步提高。

But online bootcamps expect you to do all this intensively, over a much shorter period of time.

但是在线训练营希望您能在更短的时间内完成所有这些工作。

Much of the value of a bootcamp comes from sitting shoulder-to-shoulder with other learners. You help one another get past errors and failing tests. You build projects together. You form interpersonal relationships.

训练营的大部分价值来自与其他学习者并肩坐着。您可以彼此帮助解决过去的错误和失败的测试。您可以一起构建项目。您形成人际关系。

All this is much harder to accomplish online, and in such a short period of time.

在如此短的时间内，所有这些都很难在线完成。

The main reason companies offer online bootcamps is simple: they're dramatically more profitable.

公司提供在线训练营的主要原因很简单：它们的利润要大得多。

The company doesn't need to rent office space to serve as a campus.
该公司不需要租用办公空间即可用作校园。
They don't have to worry about housing.
他们不必担心住房问题。
They can hire instructors from all around the world. This is much cheaper than hiring instructors in, say, San Francisco.
他们可以聘请来自世界各地的教练。这比在旧金山雇用教师便宜得多。
They can dump students into a big chat room together and let them figure things out with minimal supervision.
他们可以将学生一起丢进一个大聊天室，让他们在最小的监督下弄清楚事情。

Voilà - a coding bootcamp for 1/10th the cost. And a lot of these online bootcamps still charge as much as in-person bootcamps.

Voilà-一个编码训练营，费用为1/10。而且，许多这些在线训练营仍然要收取面对面训练营的费用。

So before you enroll in an online bootcamp, you should do extra diligence. See whether there is a comparable in-person option in your city.

因此，在注册在线训练营之前，您应该做额外的努力。查看您所在的城市是否有类似的面对面选项。

一般什么样的人去训练营？ (What kind of people generally go to bootcamps?)

All kinds of people attend bootcamps.

各种各样的人参加训练营。

But the most common demographics are:

但是最常见的受众特征是：

Recent university graduates who haven't entered the workforce yet and can afford to wait another 6 months to do so.
最近尚未毕业的大学毕业生，可以负担再等六个月的工作。
Wealthy working professionals who want to switch industries and can afford to not work for the next 6 months.
富有的专业工作人员，他们希望转换行业并且有能力在接下来的6个月内不再工作。

Less common, but still notable, are:

较不常见但仍值得注意的是：

Military veterans retraining for civilian careers
军人退伍军人职业培训
People who are unemployed and using loans to finance the bootcamp (or are signing "Income Share Agreements")
失业者并使用贷款为训练营筹集资金(或正在签署“收入分成协议”)
High school and college students learning to code over summer break (and not planning to enter the workforce immediately afterward)
高中和大学生在暑假期间学习编码(并且不打算在此之后立即加入工作队伍)

The average age of a bootcamp student is 28, but it's common for people much older than that to enroll in bootcamps.

训练营学生的平均年龄为28岁，但比年龄更大的人报名参加训练营是很常见的。

Most of them have at least 1 parent who graduated from university.

他们中大多数人至少有1位父母毕业于大学。

Most of them had learned to code on their own for more than 6 months before starting the bootcamp.

他们中的大多数人在开始训练营之前就已经学会了自己编写代码超过6个月。

Most bootcamp students already have a university degree - though not usually in computer science.

大多数训练营的学生已经获得了大学学位-尽管通常不是计算机科学专业。

训练营适合我吗？ (Is a bootcamp right for me?)

This comes down to several factors:

这归结为几个因素：

How much time you have
你有多少时间
How much money you have
你有多少钱
Whether you are currently working
是否正在工作
And how much experience you have with coding
以及您在编码方面有多少经验

Let's talk about all of these factors, starting with money.

让我们从金钱开始谈谈所有这些因素。

我可以负担一次训练营吗？ (Can I afford a bootcamp?)

Given infinite time and infinite money, my advice to 100% of people would be: yes - do a bootcamp.

给定无限的时间和无限的金钱，我对100％的人的建议是：是的-进行训练营。

But since time and money are scarce, we should discuss this in more detail.

但是由于时间和金钱稀缺，我们应该更详细地讨论这一点。

训练营学费是多少？ (How much is bootcamp tuition?)

As we discussed, some bootcamps are completely free, but these are not representative of the field.

正如我们所讨论的，一些训练营是完全免费的，但是这些并不代表该领域。

Most bootcamps cost between US $10,000 and $20,000. The longer the program is, the more it usually costs.

大多数训练营的费用在10,000至20,000美元之间。程序时间越长，通常花费越多。

Some bootcamps don't require you to pay tuition up-front. Instead, they garnish your future wages through something called an "Income Sharing Agreement."

有些训练营不需要您预先支付学费。取而代之的是，它们通过“收入分享协议”来增加您的未来工资。

Basically, you sign a contract with these bootcamps. These bootcamps then work closely with the US Internal Revenue Service. They figure out exactly how much money you make, then garnish a percentage of your pre-tax income (usually 17%) for a number of years (usually 2 years).

基本上，您与这些训练营签订了合同。然后，这些训练营将与美国国税局紧密合作。他们会确切地计算出您赚了多少钱，然后在几年(通常为2年)内增加一定比例的税前收入(通常为17％)。

If your first job out of a bootcamp pays $50,000 per year, that means you would pay:

如果您在训练营外的第一份工作每年支付50,000美元，这意味着您将支付：

($50,000 * 17% = $8,500) * 2 years = $17,000 total

If you get paid $80,000 per year:

如果您每年的收入为$ 80,000：

($80,000 * 17% = $13,600) * 2 years = $27,400 total

If you get paid $100,000 per year:

如果您的年薪是100,000美元：

($100,000 * 17% = $17,000) * 2 years = $34,000 total

Most of these ISAs won't kick in until you make at least US $50,000 per year. And if you earn less than $50,000 per year for five years, these ISAs will go away and you won't owe anything anymore. And some ISAs have a "cap" - a maximum amount you have to pay back.

在您每年至少赚取50,000美元之前，这些ISA中的大多数都不会生效。而且，如果您在5年内每年的收入不足50,000美元，这些ISA将消失，您将不再欠任何东西。某些ISA有“上限”-您必须偿还的最高金额。

But the important thing to note with ISAs is they are a new form of debt. Unlike other forms of consumer debt - like student loans - ISAs exist in a legal gray area.

但是，ISA必须注意的重要一点是它们是一种新的债务形式。与其他形式的消费者债务(如学生贷款)不同，ISA在法律灰色地带存在。

ISAs are a new form of "financial engineering". They seem to be legal, but none of this has been tested in a court of law.

ISA是“金融工程”的一种新形式。它们似乎是合法的，但是这些都没有经过法院的检验。

It's also unclear what happens if you take out an ISA, and then the bootcamp goes bankrupt. (This happens often - even to big bootcamp chains). You would have no control over who gains ownership over your debt. It's unclear how aggressively they could pursue you to pay them back.

同样不清楚的是，如果您提取了一个ISA，然后训练营破产，那将会发生什么。 (这种情况经常发生-甚至在大型训练营连锁店也是如此)。您将无法控制谁获得了您债务的所有权。尚不清楚他们可以多么积极地要求您偿还。

So again, do your research.

因此，再次进行研究 。

训练营期间的生活费是多少？ (How much are living expenses during a bootcamp?)

Your living expenses will depend on which city the bootcamp is in, and that city's cost of living.

您的生活费用将取决于训练营所在的城市以及该城市的生活成本。

Living at home with your parents in the midwest? Your costs will be much lower than if you are moving to San Francisco and renting an apartment.

与您的父母一起在中西部居住？您的费用将比如果您前往旧金山和租一套公寓要低得多。

You should save enough money to last you through the bootcamp, plus 6 months. This way, you have enough time to find the right job and to cash your first paycheck.

您应该节省足够的钱来维持自己的训练营，再加上6个月的时间。这样，您就有足够的时间找到合适的工作并兑现您的第一笔薪水。

什么是“机会成本”？ (What is "opportunity cost"?)

Opportunity Cost is a concept from economics that roughly means "foregone earnings."

机会成本是经济学中的一个概念，大致意味着“已故收入”。

To get the true cost of attending a coding bootcamp, you should factor in opportunity cost as well.

为了获得参加编码训练营的真实成本，您还应该考虑机会成本。

Example: You currently earn $3,000 per month. You're moving to San Francisco, where it can cost $2,000 per month just to rent a bedroom. You'll attend a 12-week bootcamp that costs $15,000.

范例：您目前每月可赚取$ 3,000。您将搬到旧金山，在那里租一个卧室每月可能要花费2,000美元。您将参加为期12周的训练营，费用为$ 15,000。

Here is your true cost, assuming an additional 6 months until you get a job and cash your first pay check:

这是您的真实费用，假设您再获得工作还有6个月的时间并兑现了第一张工资支票：

Bootcamp Tuition: $15,000

Cost of Living: (9 months * $2,000) = $18,000

Opportunity Cost of Foregone Wages: (9 months * $3,000) = $27,000

True Economic Cost: ($15,000 + $18,000 + $27,000) = $60,000

As you can see, in this case, the coding bootcamp tuition was only 1/4th of the true cost.

如您所见，在这种情况下，编码训练营的学费仅为实际成本的1/4。

So a $20,000 bootcamp that helps you get a job in 4 months can be cheaper than a $15,000 bootcamp that helps you get a job in 6 months. That is, once you factor in cost of living and opportunity costs.

因此，一个$ 20,000的训练营可以帮助您在4个月内找到工作，它比$ 15,000的训练营可以帮助您在6个月内找到工作便宜。也就是说，一旦您考虑了生活成本和机会成本。

The lesson is simple: don't get too hung up on the cost of coding bootcamp tuition itself. It is only part of the true cost.

上课很简单：不要为编码训练营学费本身的成本太花钱。这只是真实成本的一部分。

我的编码技能足以胜任新手训练营吗？ (Are my coding skills good enough for a bootcamp?)

A naive answer would be "just apply and see if you can get in."

一个简单的答案是“只要申请，看看你是否可以进入。”

But instead, let's think in terms of the bootcamp's incentives.

但是，让我们考虑一下训练营的激励机制。

There's a Goldilocks Zone for coding bootcamps: not too beginner, not too advanced - just right.

有一个Goldilocks专区，用于编写训练营：不是太初学者，也不是太高级-恰到好处。

方案1：您的技能太高级，无法从训练营中学到很多东西 (Scenario 1: Your skills are too advanced for you to learn much from a bootcamp)

If you're a strong candidate, the bootcamp is confident you will get a job afterward. Their only rational decision is to accept you. Even if they don't think you'd learn much from their program.

如果您是一个很强的候选人，那么训练营相信您以后会找到工作。他们唯一的理性决定是接受您。即使他们认为您不会从他们的程序中学到很多东西。

Why?

为什么？

The bootcamp will get your tuition money.
训练营将获得您的学费。
They won't have to teach you much.
他们不必教你太多。
And then when you get a job afterward, you'll boost their employment statistics.
然后，当您找到工作后，便可以提高他们的就业统计。

From their perspective, they should admit you.

从他们的角度来看，他们应该承认您。

方案2：您太陌生，无法编写代码来充分利用新手训练营 (Scenario 2: You are too new to coding to get much out of the bootcamp)

If you're a weak candidate, then it comes down to the decision maker at the bootcamp. Are they focused on the long term or the short term? How much do they care about their employment statistics?

如果您是个虚弱的候选人，那么这将取决于训练营的决策者。他们专注于长期还是短期？他们在乎自己的就业统计数字吗？

If the bootcamp is focused on the long term, they should reject you. Or assign you additional pre-coursework, then ask you to come interview again in a few months.

如果训练营是长期的，他们应该拒绝你。或分配其他课前作业，然后要求您在几个月后再次面试。

But bootcamps who are struggling financially don't have the luxury of worrying about their employment statistics. They may not be around for the long term. Their rational decision might be to just accept you anyway - regardless of your preparedness.

但是，在经济上苦苦挣扎的训练营不必担心自己的就业统计数据。他们可能不会长期存在。他们的理性决定可能是无论如何都要接受您-无论您是否准备就绪。

"In the long run we are all dead." - John Maynard Keynes in 1923

“从长远来看，我们都死了。” 约翰·梅纳德·凯恩斯(John Maynard Keynes)，1923年

Maybe you rise to the occasion and succeed against the odds. Maybe you don't. Either way, the bootcamp gets their tuition money and is able to stay solvent a few months longer.

也许您会抓住机会，克服困难。也许你不知道。无论哪种方式，新兵训练营都能获得学费，并且能够保持几个月的偿付能力。

方案3：您“正确” (Scenario 3: You are "just right")

The bootcamp should accept you in this situation, and it will be a win for both parties.

在这种情况下，训练营应该接受您，这对双方都是胜利。

But again, you don't know which scenario this is. Is this Scenario #3 where you're "just right"? Or is the bootcamp just saying it is? Are you actually in Scenario #1 or Scenario #2?

但是同样，您不知道这是哪种情况。这是方案3，在这里您“正确”吗？还是新兵训练营只是这么说？您实际上是在场景1还是场景2中？

So bootcamps have a strong incentive to accept you even when you're not good fit.

因此，即使您身体不好，训练营也有强烈的动机接纳您。

This is why I said the approach of "just apply and see if you can get in" is naive.

这就是为什么我说“只是申请并看看您是否可以加入”的方法是幼稚的。

Here's what I recommend you do instead.

建议您改用以下方法。

第1步：花几个月的时间自己学习编码。 (Step 1: Spend a few months learning to code on your own.)

Try earning the freeCodeCamp Responsive Web Design certification. Then earn the Algorithms and Data Structures certification.

尝试获得freeCodeCamp响应式Web设计认证。然后获得算法和数据结构认证。

These will ensure you understand the fundamentals. And a lot of coding bootcamps require these as part of their pre-coursework anyway.

这些将确保您了解基本知识。无论如何，许多编码训练营都将这些作为其课前作业的一部分。

步骤2：申请开发人员职位。 (Step 2: Apply for developer jobs.)

How do you handle employers' resume screens and phone screens? Can you advance to their on-site coding interviews? If so, you may just want to keep applying for jobs. You may not need a coding bootcamp.

您如何处理雇主的简历屏幕和电话屏幕？您可以进行他们的现场编码采访吗？如果是这样，您可能只想继续申请工作。您可能不需要编码训练营。

步骤3：申请编码训练营。 (Step 3: Apply for coding bootcamps.)

If you've made it to Step #3, you now know with confidence that you have some basic skills. And you know that you're not yet ready for a developer job.

如果您已进入第3步，那么现在您就会自信地知道自己具备一些基本技能。而且您知道您还没有做好开发人员工作的准备。

You can now apply to coding bootcamps with confidence. You won't be too advanced. If they accept you, you can be confident that you're not too beginner, either.

现在，您可以放心地申请对训练营进行编码。您不会太先进。如果他们接受您，您也可以确信自己也不是初学者。

If they don't accept you, you can just continue your self study and apply to the bootcamp again later.

如果他们不接受您，您可以继续自学并稍后再次申请训练营。

我如何选择训练营？ (How do I choose a bootcamp?)

The first consideration should be: are there any coding bootcamps in your city? If so, I encourage you to visit them and learn as much as you can about them.

首先要考虑的是：您所在的城市是否有任何编码训练营？如果是这样，我鼓励您访问它们并尽可能多地了解它们。

By staying in your current city, you can reduce your cost of living. You can also reduce your stress. You don't have to spend your time shopping for an apartment or learning a new neighborhood. You can spend that time coding.

通过留在当前城市，您可以减少生活费用。您也可以减轻压力。您不必花时间购买公寓或学习新的社区。您可以花时间编码。

我需要搬到旧金山参加我的训练营吗？ (Do I need to move to San Francisco for my bootcamp?)

You might think: "But shouldn't I move to San Francisco, where all the developers are?"

您可能会想：“但是我不应该搬到所有开发人员都在的旧金山吗？”

It's true that the San Francisco Bay Area - which includes Silicon Valley - is the tech mecca of the western hemisphere.

的确，包括硅谷在内的旧金山湾区是西半球的技术圣地。

San Francisco is home to several excellent bootcamps. It also has tons of employers. And a huge ecosystem of evening tech events, hackathons, startup communities, and recruiters.

旧金山是几个优秀的训练营的所在地。它还有大量的雇主。以及庞大的夜间技术活动，黑客马拉松，创业社区和招聘人员生态系统。

But San Francisco is an expensive, stressful place to live. I worked there as a developer for 4 years, and I don't plan on moving back any time soon.

但是旧金山是一个昂贵，压力巨大的居住地。我在那里从事开发工作已经4年了，我不打算很快搬回去。

The important thing to remember is: software is still software - regardless of where you are in the world.

要记住的重要一点是： 软件仍然是软件-无论您身在何处。

You can learn a lot from most experienced developers who have worked in tech for 5 or 10 years. Almost as much as you could learn from an elite developer at a San Francisco tech company.

您可以从从事技术工作5到10年的经验丰富的开发人员那里学到很多东西。向旧金山一家科技公司的精英开发人员学习的内容几乎是无限的。

(And the most elite developers can earn millions of dollars a year. You probably won't find them teaching at bootcamps anyway.)

(而且最优秀的开发人员每年可以赚到数百万美元。您可能根本找不到他们在新兵训练营任教。)

训练营应该教什么工具？ (What tools should bootcamps be teaching?)

This may sound counter-intuitive, but I'm going to come right out and say it. The tools don't matter.

这听起来可能违反直觉，但是我要说出来。 这些工具无关紧要。

Some bootcamps teach Ruby and Rails or Sinatra. Despite their declining popularity, these are still good tools for new developers.

一些训练营教Ruby和Rails或Sinatra。尽管它们的受欢迎程度下降了，但对于新开发人员来说，它们仍然是不错的工具。

Some bootcamps teach Full Stack JavaScript with Node.js. This is the most widely used toolchain for new projects. But it may be a bit harder to learn.

一些训练营使用Node.js教授Full Stack JavaScript。这是新项目中使用最广泛的工具链。但是学习起来可能会有点困难。

Some bootcamps teach Python and Flask or Django. Some teach the .NET ecosystem. Some may go straight into mobile development with Android and Java or Kotlin. Some go close to the metal with C.

一些训练营教Python和Flask或Django。有些人教授.NET生态系统。有些人可能会直接使用Android和Java或Kotlin进行移动开发。有些与C接近金属。

Again, the tools don't matter. What matters is that you learn one set of tools really well.

同样，这些工具无关紧要。重要的是您要真正学习一套工具。

Learn one set of tools and understand how everything fits together at a conceptual level. Then you can easily learn new sets of tools.

学习一套工具，并了解所有概念如何融合在一起。然后，您可以轻松学习新的工具集。

You can sum up most of what you'll learn in a coding bootcamp as:

您可以将在代码训练营中将学到的大部分知识总结为：

Computer Science fundamentals
计算机科学基础
Programming itself (lots of practice coding)
自己编程(大量实践编码)
Other skills you'll need as a developer. Like software development methodologies, debugging techniques, testing, reading documentation.
开发人员需要的其他技能。像软件开发方法，调试技术，测试，阅读文档一样。
Understanding the job application process itself.
了解工作申请流程本身。

So don't dismiss a bootcamp because "they teach Rails and I want to learn Node" or "I want to be a mobile developer" or "I don't want to learn front end development."

因此，不要因为“他们教Rails并且我想学习Node”或“我想成为移动开发人员”或“我不想学习前端开发”而解雇新手训练营。

You'll learn the same basic things regardless of which tools the bootcamp teaches.

无论训练营教什么工具，您都将学习相同的基本知识。

训练营的记录有多重要？ (How important is a bootcamp's track record?)

If a bootcamp that has been around for a few years, you should pay close attention to their track record.

如果一个训练营已经存在了几年，那么您应该密切注意他们的记录。

较早的训练营 (Older bootcamps)

First, find out whether the bootcamp is part of the Council on Integrity in Results Reporting. If they aren't, ask them why not.

首先，找出训练营是否属于结果报告诚信委员会的一部分。如果不是，问他们为什么不这样做。

You should ask for their employment statistics. If they're reluctant to show you these - or can't share numbers from the past year - that's a red flag.

您应该询问他们的就业统计数据。如果他们不愿意向您显示这些信息-或无法共享过去一年的数字-这是一个危险信号。

Either way, you should find their graduates on LinkedIn. Reach out to them to ask them about their experience there.

无论哪种方式，您都可以在LinkedIn上找到他们的毕业生。与他们联系，向他们询问那里的经历。

新开的训练营 (Newly-opened bootcamps)

If the coding bootcamp is new, there will be much less information available. You will have to rely much more on your intuition.

如果编码训练营是新的，那么可用的信息将少得多。您将不得不更多地依靠自己的直觉。

Ask for the names of the bootcamp's teachers. Pull them up on LinkedIn.

询问训练营老师的姓名。将他们放在LinkedIn上。

Do they have any past cohorts? Find their graduates on LinkedIn and ask them about their experience there.

他们过去有任何同龄人吗？在LinkedIn上找到他们的毕业生，并询问他们在那的经历。

Being one of the first students at a coding bootcamp is an exercise in high risk / high reward.

成为编码训练营的第一批学生之一是一项高风险/高回报的锻炼。

Like all kinds of small business, bootcamps may shut down quickly if they don't get traction. If this happens, you will find yourself explaining the school to future employers in the past tense. Awkward.

像各种小型企业一样，新兵训练营如果没有牵引力，可能会Swift关闭。如果发生这种情况，您会发现自己以过去时态向未来的雇主解释了学校。尴尬。

But at the same time, new coding bootcamps have something to prove. Their teachers and staff will work like crazy to ensure the school succeeds. They'll try their hardest to train you. They'll help you get a good job so they can get a win under their belt and onto their testimonials page.

但是同时，新的编码训练营也有待证明。他们的老师和工作人员会疯狂地工作，以确保学校成功。他们将尽力训练您。他们会帮助您找到一份好工作，这样他们就可以赢得胜利并进入推荐页面。

In the face of sparse data, you need to decide for yourself. Do the people running this bootcamp seem like they know what they're doing? Are they passionate about this?

面对稀疏数据，您需要自己做出决定。参加本次训练营的人们看起来好像知道自己在做什么吗？他们对此充满热情吗？

我应该在注册之前参观校园吗？ (Should I visit the campus before I enroll?)

Yes. You are about to make a decision that - when you factor in cost of living and opportunity cost - is tens of thousands of dollars and months of your time.

是。您将要做出一个决定-当您考虑生活成本和机会成本时-是数万美元和数月的时间。

By all means, book a flight. Even if you're only flying in for a day trip. Talk to the teachers and the staff. Scope out the school. Observe the students.

一定要预订一个航班。即使您只是乘搭一日游。与老师和员工交谈。扩大学校范围。观察学生。

This is an important decision. And in the grand scheme of things, this trip is a small investment of your time and money.

这是一个重要的决定。而且从总体上看，这次旅行只花您的时间和金钱。

我应该联系过去的校友吗？ (Should I reach out to past alumni?)

The answer is always yes. Don't skip this step.

答案永远是肯定的。不要跳过此步骤。

Find them on LinkedIn. If they don't respond to your LinkedIn message after a few days, find their email or message them on Twitter. See if you can get them on a phone call.

在LinkedIn上找到它们。如果几天后他们仍未回复您的LinkedIn消息，请查找他们的电子邮件或在Twitter上给他们发送消息。查看您是否可以通过电话与他们联系。

Ask them to be as candid as possible. Assure them that everything they share with you will be in confidence.

要求他们尽可能坦率。向他们保证，他们与您分享的一切都会充满信心。

Tell them your circumstances. Tell them how important this decision is for you.

告诉他们你的情况。告诉他们这个决定对您有多重要。

I recommend reaching out to several alumni like this.

我建议像这样的几位校友。

This is the most difficult part of the bootcamp research process. You may be thinking "I'm an introvert." Or "I don't want to bother these busy people."

这是训练营研究过程中最困难的部分。您可能会想“我是一个内向的人”。或“我不想打扰这些忙碌的人。”

But these people are where you will be a year from now. They are the best window into what you can expect from this bootcamp.

但是这些人将是您距现在一年后的位置。它们是了解本次训练营的最佳窗口。

If you end up going to the bootcamp, these people will be your fellow alumni. This is an opportunity to also make them your mentors.

如果您最终去了训练营，那么这些人将是您的校友。 This is an opportunity to also make them your mentors.

Are there free bootcamp alternatives? (Are there free bootcamp alternatives?)

There are a lot of ways you can learn to code without paying anything. Some of these have been around for decades, like the computer section of your local library.

Others free resources can help a motivated novice ramp up their skills and get hired as a developer.

Most developers consider themselves at least partially self-taught. They have used a variety of these learning resources.

What are learn-to-code websites? (What are learn-to-code websites?)

There are websites where you can learn to code right in your browser. Some of them - like freeCodeCamp - are completely free.

Some of these learn-to-code websites cost money. But you may be able to use them for free through your local library.

These websites cover many of the same concepts and tools as coding bootcamps.

Bootcamps are focused on high-touch in-person instruction. They operate a campus with classrooms and instructors.

By contrast, learn-to-code websites use instructional design to teach people inexpensively at scale.

These learn-to-code websites have forums and may even have local study groups.

Still, many people prefer the traditional classroom environment that bootcamps provide.

What are "Massive Open Online Courses"? (What are "Massive Open Online Courses"?)

Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) are free courses usually taught by university professors. These tend to be lecture-based, and may have homework assignments or exams.

MOOCs gained popularity in 2012, and remain an excellent way to learn concepts. There are hundreds of MOOCs on programming and computer science - many of which are self-paced.

Some of these MOOCs also offer certifications, though you may have to pay for them.

The important thing to note here is that you can learn almost any topic - straight from world-class professors - at your convenience.

Always keep this fact in mind when you're considering paid learning resources. They have a high bar to clear to justify their cost.

Are there free coding textbooks? (Are there free coding textbooks?)

There are thousands of free programming and computer science textbooks. Many of these are Creative Commons licensed or even public domain.

Developers have also sold books that they've since decided to make freely available.

Also, some developers release digital versions of their books for free, and sell physical copies of them.

What are some paid bootcamp alternatives? (What are some paid bootcamp alternatives?)

Of course, if you have the money, you can put it to use. There are a wide range of career training options to consider.

Should I go back to university? (Should I go back to university?)

If you already have a university degree, you probably shouldn't go back to university.

Yes, there are Masters in Computer Science programs. But these are designed for already-working developers to further expand their skills.

I don't recommend enrolling in an undergraduate computer science program to do a second bachelor's degree. This would take years of extra study. And most undergraduate computer science programs focus more on math and conceptual knowledge than they do on hands-on coding.

Coding bootcamps are a much faster way to get coding practice. They can help you establish the conceptual baseline you need to work as a developer.

Can night school courses help me learn to code? (Can night school courses help me learn to code?)

You may be able to find a program in your community that helps adults learn computer skills at night.

Check your local community colleges, libraries, and adult education programs. See whether they teach software development courses.

Be aware that many of these programs focus on more rudimentary computer skills. You may not need a course on operating systems, spreadsheets, or touch typing.

Before you enroll in any courses, ask them about past alumni who are now working as developers. If they can't provide any, the program may be too basic for you.

Can I hire a tutor to help me? (Can I hire a tutor to help me?)

Some developers will tutor on the side. You can find them on online classified ad listings.

There are also websites that specialize in pairing students with online tutors.

This can be quite expensive. But if you're able to learn to code on your own, this may be a good option for you. You get the benefit of weekly tutoring session for the fraction of the cost of a bootcamp.

What is the future for bootcamps? (What is the future for bootcamps?)

The first coding bootcamps were founded less than a decade ago. This is still a young industry.

This said, the industry is consolidating. Several bootcamp chains have been acquired by traditional for-profit education companies. Textbook companies, for-profit university systems - and even a coworking space startup.

And some coding bootcamp chains have gone out of business.

But it's not like these failures represent a fundamental flaw in the coding bootcamp model. There are hundreds of bootcamps out there still going strong. And developers are opening new bootcamps all the time.

But there's less money in running bootcamps than there is in financing student debt. And that is where we're seeing the most innovation - in the area of "financial engineering."

"The study of money, above all other fields in economics, is one in which complexity is used to disguise truth or to evade truth, not to reveal it." - John Kenneth Galbraith, Harvard professor, in 1975

It's hard to predict what will happen with bootcamps. Here are a few possible directions - with some of them less positive for students than others.

Will going to a bootcamp become as common as going to a university? (Will going to a bootcamp become as common as going to a university?)

In their current form, bootcamps are not a substitute for a university education. They are a supplement to it.

Most bootcamp students have already graduated from university. They are mid-career and enrolling in a bootcamp to learn new skills.

Universities cover a lot of things outside the scope of bootcamps. Everything from English composition to history to mathematics.

Coding bootcamps cover - well - coding. They also touch on some computer science concepts and workplace soft skills.

If you see a bootcamp marketing itself as an alternative for college, that's a huge red flag.

We have centuries of data on universities. We know how effective they are at increasing your lifetime earnings. A bachelor's degree with the right major can double or triple your earning power.

Coding bootcamps are new. There isn't much data. And there's even less data about bootcamp graduates who didn't finish university.

Instead of looking at coding bootcamps as an alternative to university, look at them as an alternative to vocational college.

If you weren't going to go to college anyway, a bootcamp is better than nothing. And the skills you'll learn may be more relevant than traditional trade schools.

In the future, coding bootcamps may indeed become a place more people go to straight out of high school.

But we need a lot more efficacy data first. I wouldn't send my kids to a bootcamp instead of a university, and I urge similar caution to you.

By the way, if you're in high school and reading this, here's my advice to you: go to the best university you can afford without student loans.

Before you take out student loans, look into community colleges. There are also accredited ultra-low-cost university programs. You can do many of these online while working. As always, don't trust their marketing and do your own research.

Will bootcamps eventually qualify for federal student loans? (Will bootcamps eventually qualify for federal student loans?)

Bootcamps are expensive. There aren't many people who can afford to attend them.

Bootcamps may try to remedy this is the same way universities did. By lobbying the federal government.

Bootcamps may succeed in opening the government's coffers. This could be in the form of subsidized student loans. Bootcamps may also target the GI bill and other programs designed to help people graduate from college.

Americans hold $1.5 trillion in student loan debt. That's a million million dollars. That's $16,000 for every man, woman, and child in America. Student loan debt is the main reason young Americans can't afford to buy houses anymore.

Should we let bootcamps create even more of this student debt?

It would be a disaster for consumers.

But that doesn't mean it couldn't happen.

Look who's running the US Department of Education right now. Anything is possible, no matter how damaging it may be over the long term.

There's an alternative to financial complexity. Bootcamps can find new ways to make it more affordable to people paying cash.

Will bootcamps conglomerate into a few big chains? (Will bootcamps conglomerate into a few big chains?)

This has already happened to an extent.

Bootcamps can save money by spreading their fixed costs across multiple campuses. They get economies of scale and economies of scope.

But there are diminishing returns to these benefits. Some of these chains have gone out of business. Others - no longer able to operate on their own - got acquired by education conglomerates.

There is a right size to any operation. It's unclear what the right size for a coding bootcamp chain is.

Some of the best bootcamps only have one location. Others are able to keep quality high across multiple campuses. A lot of their success comes down to the quality of their leadership.

Will the bootcamp model spread into non-coding fields like law and accounting? (Will the bootcamp model spread into non-coding fields like law and accounting?)

Software development is a unique profession. It is unencumbered by regulatory bodies.

Other fields have bureaucracies in place to shut people out. For example, in the US:

To become a lawyer, you have to go through 4 years of college, 3 years of a law school, then get certified by the American Bar Association through your state's bar exam.
To become a lawyer, you have to go through 4 years of college, 3 years of a law school, then get certified by the American Bar Association through your state's bar exam.
To become an accountant, you have to go through 4 years of college, attend a bunch of graduate-level courses, get certified by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants through a long series of exams, then work as a low-wage apprentice for a year.
To become an accountant, you have to go through 4 years of college, attend a bunch of graduate-level courses, get certified by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants through a long series of exams, then work as a low-wage apprentice for a year.
To be a doctor, you have to go through 4 years of college, 4 years of medical school, then work as a low-wage "resident" for 3 to 7 years, then get certified by the American Medical Association by passing your state's board certification exam.
To be a doctor, you have to go through 4 years of college, 4 years of medical school, then work as a low-wage "resident" for 3 to 7 years, then get certified by the American Medical Association by passing your state's board certification exam.

Without major changes, bootcamps won't work for heavily regulated fields like these.

Will bootcamps merge with traditional university programs to create a new kind of school? (Will bootcamps merge with traditional university programs to create a new kind of school?)

There are already programs that take inspiration from both universities and bootcamps.

This said, most big-name universities are hundreds of years old. Shifting to a much shorter learning period will be difficult for them to do. Stranger things have happened, though.

Here's a more likely scenario: bootcamps (and their for-profit education conglomerate parent companies) buy accredited colleges and rebrand them. This way they can skip the long process of becoming accredited themselves.

For the record, I'm against the mixing of university programs with coding bootcamps. These are two different education modalities designed for two different sets of learners.

Instead, we need new types of educational institutions. Preferably low cost with a stronger emphasis on life-long education and on-the-job training.

Imagine a school with nonstop internships, where you work in your desired field. You have enough money to live on without needing to go into debt.

There are already programs like this in Europe. And over here in the US - well, we can dream, can't we?

What are your final words of advice? (What are your final words of advice?)

Your developer job search will come down to 3 things:

Your skills
Your skills
Your reputation
Your reputation
Your network
Your network

Don't make the mistake of focusing on only one or two of these. Think about ways you can build all three at the same time.

Going to a bootcamp can be the best decision you ever made. Or it can be an awkward financial setback.

Do your research. Save up your money. Learn coding fundamentals first.

做你的研究。 Save up your money. Learn coding fundamentals first.

Bootcamps aren't magic. They aren't going to do the work for you.

In the end, the experience is what you make of it. So make the most of it.

翻译自: https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/coding-bootcamp-handbook/