部署同服务名，同实例名dg

借鉴博客（参数详解和备库控制文件恢复）：
https://blog.csdn.net/u011016933/article/details/107063991
https://blog.csdn.net/u011016933/article/details/107059359

一.环境模拟
1，主库环境：
ip地址：192.168.6.30
hosts文件添加
192.168.6.30 enmotech1 oracle
192.168.6.31 enmotech2 oracle

$ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
$ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
数据文件路径：/u02/oradata/orcl/
归档路径：/u01/app/oracle/archivelog/
rman备份路径:/home/oracle/rmanbak/
服务名：orcl
实例名：orcl
db_name=orcl
db_unique_name=orcl

2，备库环境：
ip地址：192.168.6.31
hosts文件添加
192.168.6.30 enmotech1 oracle
192.168.6.31 enmotech2 oracle

$ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
$ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
数据文件路径：/u02/oradata/orcl/
归档路径：/u01/app/oracle/archivelog/
rman备份路径:/home/oracle/rmanbak/
服务名：orcl
实例名：orcl
db_name=orcl
db_unique_name=orcl

2.操作步骤
主库（192.168.6.30）操作：
1.1创建orcl实例
dbca -silent \
-createDatabase \
-templateName General_Purpose.dbc \
-databaseType OLTP \
-gdbname orcl \
-sid orcl \
-emConfiguration NONE \
-sysPassword abc123 \
-systemPassword abc123 \
-responseFile NO_VALUE \
-storageType FS \
-datafileDestination /u02/oradata \
-redoLogFileSize 500 \
-recoveryAreaDestination /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area \
-sampleSchema false \
-memoryPercentage 40 \
-characterSet ZHS16GBK \
-nationalCharacterSet AL16UTF16 \
-initParams processes=1000,audit_trail=none

1.2开启归档和强制日志
alter database archivelog;(mount状态下执行)
alter database force logging;（open状态下执行）

2.主库（192.168.6.30）操作：
alter system set log_archive_config='';
alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/app/oracle/archivelog valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles)';
alter system set log_archive_dest_2='service=orcldg lgwr async affirm valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role)'
alter system set standby_file_management=auto;
alter system set fal_server='orcldg';

3.创建pfile文件
create pfile from spfile;

4.修改监听listener.ora和tnsnames.ora文件
修改监听文件listener.ora
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = enmotech1)(PORT = 1521))
    )
  )

SID_LIST_LISTENER=
  (SID_LIST=
    (SID_DESC=
      (GLOBAL_DBNAME=orcl)
      (ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/)
      (SID_NAME=orcl)
    )
  )

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle

修改tnsnames.ora文件
# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

ORCLDG =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = tcp)(HOST = enmotech2)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
    )
  )

ORCL =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = enmotech1)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
    )
  )

启动监听：lsnrctl start

4.主库rman备份
RMAN> run{
allocate channel c1 type disk;
allocate channel c2 type disk;
backup database tag='db_full_bak' format='/home/oracle/rmanbak/db_%d_%T_%s_%p.bkp';
sql 'alter system archive log current';
backup archivelog all delete input tag='arch_bak' format='/home/oracle/rmanbak/log_%d_%T_%s_%p.bkp';
backup current controlfile tag='ctl_bak' format='/home/oracle/rmanbak/ctl_%d_%T_%s_%p.bkp';
release channel c1;
release channel c2;
}

5.拷贝文件
拷贝listener.ora和tnsnames.ora文件到192.168.6.31:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/
拷贝initorcl.ora和orapworcl文件到192.168.6.31:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/
拷贝备份到192.168.6.31:/home/oracle/rmanbak/

备库（192.168.6.31）操作
1.1修改initorcl.ora文件（对应的目录，自行创建）
orcl.__large_pool_size=394264576
orcl.__oracle_base='/u01/app/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment
orcl.__pga_aggregate_target=16777216
orcl.__sga_target=746586112
orcl.__shared_io_pool_size=0
orcl.__shared_pool_size=209715200
orcl.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump'
*.audit_trail='none'
*.compatible='11.2.0.4.0'
*.control_files='/u02/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_name='orcl'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=8631877632
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)'
*.fal_server='orcl'
*.log_archive_config=''
*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/app/oracle/archivelog valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles)'
*.log_archive_dest_2='service=orcl lgwr async affirm valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role)'
*.memory_target=761266176
*.open_cursors=300
*.processes=1000
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.standby_file_management='AUTO'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'

1.2创建spfile文件
create spfile from pfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/initorcl.ora'

2.修改监听listener
LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = enmotech2)(PORT = 1521))
    )
  )

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)
      (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/)
      (SID_NAME = orcl)
    )
  )

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle

启动监听：lsnrctl start

2.启动数据库到nomount状态
startup nomount;

3.恢复备库控制文件
RMAN> restore standby controlfile from '/home/oracle/rmanbak/ctl_%d_%T_%s_%p.bkp'

4.启动数据库文件到mount状态
RMAN> alter database mount;

5.恢复数据库
run{
allocate channel c1 type disk;
allocate channel c2 type disk;
restore database;
recover database;
release channel c1;
release channel c2;
}

recover database until scn XXXXX;(可能会报错，有scn号，重新执行recover database)

6.备库添加standby_redo.log
alter database add standby logfile group 11 '/u02/oradata/orcl/standby_redo11.log' size 500M;
alter database add standby logfile group 12 '/u02/oradata/orcl/standby_redo12.log' size 500M;
alter database add standby logfile group 13 '/u02/oradata/orcl/standby_redo13.log' size 500M;
alter database add standby logfile group 14 '/u02/oradata/orcl/standby_redo14.log' size 500M;

7.打开备库
alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
alter database recover managed standby database cancel;
alter database open;
alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;

检测同步.
1.查看主库状态
SYS@orcl> archive log list;
Database log mode	       Archive Mode
Automatic archival	       Enabled
Archive destination	       /u01/app/oracle/archivelog
Oldest online log sequence     4
Next log sequence to archive   6
Current log sequence	       6
2.查看备库应用日志
[oracle@enmotech2 orcl]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Wed Jul 1 17:20:37 2020

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SYS@orcl> select process, status, sequence# from v$managed_standby;

PROCESS 		    STATUS				  SEQUENCE#
--------------------------- ------------------------------------ ----------
ARCH			    CONNECTED					  0
ARCH			    CONNECTED					  0
ARCH			    CONNECTED					  0
ARCH			    CONNECTED					  0
RFS			    IDLE					  0
RFS			    IDLE					  0
RFS			    IDLE					  6
MRP0			    WAIT_FOR_LOG				  6

8 rows selected.

注意：细心的哥们会发现主库缺少standby_redo.log,备库缺少redo.log，（极端操作，可以相互拷贝日志文件到主备库的数据文件路径）
1.备库重建redo日志
alter database recover managed standby database cancel;
alter system set log_file_name_convert='/u02/oradata/orcl/','/u02/oradata/orcl/' scope=spfile;
startup force mount;
recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
到此备库redo日志就自动重建了
关闭数据库重建spfile（如过log_file_name_convert不置为空的话，rfs进程起不来）
create spfile from pfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/initorcl.ora'
打开数据库
alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;


2.主库添加standby_redo.log
alter database add standby logfile group 11 '/u02/oradata/orcl/standby_redo11.log' size 500M;
alter database add standby logfile group 12 '/u02/oradata/orcl/standby_redo12.log' size 500M;
alter database add standby logfile group 13 '/u02/oradata/orcl/standby_redo13.log' size 500M;
alter database add standby logfile group 14 '/u02/oradata/orcl/standby_redo14.log' size 500M;


#!/bin/sh
# Create_time:2019.11.27
# Author:
# Description:Delete the archived logs on Standby which had been applied
# Usage:
# Last modify: 2019.11.27
# Note:

#Initial Parameters
_SCRIPTPATH=/usr/local/shells/del_applied_archivelog/
_DAYBEFOR=0

#OSTYPE
OSTYPE=`uname -s`
if [ $OSTYPE = "AIX" ]
then
   . ~/.profile
else
   . ~/.bash_profile
fi

#Main
cd ${_SCRIPTPATH}
echo "rman target / log=rman_delete_arch.log << EOF" > tmp_delete_archive_rman.tmp

echo /dev/null > tmp_delete_archive_rman.sh
sqlplus -s "/ as sysdba" >> tmp_delete_archive_rman.tmp << EOF
set head off
set feedback off
SELECT 'delete noprompt archivelog until logseq ' || MAX(D.SEQUENCE#) ||' thread ' || D.THREAD# || ';'
FROM V\$ARCHIVED_LOG D,(SELECT MAX(A.COMPLETION_TIME) -${_DAYBEFOR} COMPLETION_TIME, A.THREAD#
                        FROM V\$ARCHIVED_LOG A
                        WHERE APPLIED = 'YES'
                        GROUP BY A.THREAD#) TMP
WHERE D.THREAD# = TMP.THREAD#
AND D.COMPLETION_TIME < TMP.COMPLETION_TIME
GROUP BY D.THREAD#;
exit
EOF

echo "exit" >> tmp_delete_archive_rman.tmp
echo "EOF" >> tmp_delete_archive_rman.tmp
sed '/^$/d' tmp_delete_archive_rman.tmp > tmp_delete_archive_rman.sh
#execute delete script
sh tmp_delete_archive_rman.sh