用 Windows API 创建和编辑 .ini 文件
1. 与 .ini 文件相关的 API 有两类：
1）操作系统配置文件 Win.ini 的函数
GetProfileSection
GetProfileString
GetProfileInt
WriteProfileSection
WriteProfileStringGetPrivateProfileSectionNames
GetPrivateProfileSection
GetPrivateProfileString
GetPrivateProfileInt
GetPrivateProfileStruct
WritePrivateProfileSection
WritePrivateProfileString
WritePrivateProfileStruct#include
#include
#include
#pragma comment(lib, "strsafe.lib")
#define INI_FILE_NAME _T("ini_test.ini")
TCHAR gIniFileFullPath[MAX_PATH] = {_T('\0')};
int main()
{
DWORD dwRet = 0;
BOOL bRet = FALSE;
// 获取 ini 文件全路径
dwRet = ::GetModuleFileName(NULL, gIniFileFullPath, MAX_PATH);
if (0UL == dwRet)
{
_ftprintf(stderr, _T("Error: Error occurs in calling GetModuleFileName, ")
_T("error code is %lu.\n"),
::GetLastError());
return -1;
}
if (MAX_PATH == dwRet && ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER == ::GetLastError())
{
_ftprintf(stderr, _T("Error: The buffer is too small to hold the module name.\n"));
return -1;
}
_tprintf(_T("The full path for the current module is: \n\t%s\n"), gIniFileFullPath);
DWORD dwLoopIdx = dwRet - 1;
while (gIniFileFullPath[dwLoopIdx] != _T('\\'))
{
--dwLoopIdx;
}
::StringCchCopy(gIniFileFullPath + (dwLoopIdx + 1), MAX_PATH - (dwLoopIdx + 1), INI_FILE_NAME);
_tprintf(_T("The full path for %s is: \n\t%s\n"), INI_FILE_NAME, gIniFileFullPath);
// ---------------------------------------------- WritePrivateProfileSection
// 注: 如果 gIniFileFullPath 表示的 .ini 文件不存在, 会先创建一个.
TCHAR szInsertedKeyValuePair[1024] = {_T('\0')};
#if defined(_UNICODE) || defined(UNICODE)
wchar_t* dest = NULL;
wchar_t* src = NULL;
size_t count = 0;
dest = szInsertedKeyValuePair;
src = L"Key11=defaultValue11";
count = wcslen(L"Key11=defaultValue11");
wmemcpy(dest, src, count);
dest += count;
src = L"\0";
count = 1;
wmemcpy(dest, src, count);
dest += count;
src = L"Key12=defaultValue12";
count = wcslen(L"Key12=defaultValue12");
wmemcpy(dest, src, count);
dest += count;
src = L"\0";
count = 1;
wmemcpy(dest, src, count);
dest += count;
src = L"Key13=defaultValue13";
count = wcslen(L"Key13=defaultValue13");
wmemcpy(dest, src, count);
dest += count;
src = L"\0";
count = 1;
wmemcpy(dest, src, count);
#else
char* dest = NULL;
char* src = NULL;
size_t count = 0;
dest = szInsertedKeyValuePair;
src = "Key11=defaultValue11";
count = strlen("Key11=defaultValue11");
memcpy(static_cast(dest), static_cast(src), count);
dest += count;
src = "\0";
count = 1;
memcpy(static_cast(dest), static_cast(src), count);
dest += count;
src = "Key12=defaultValue12";
count = strlen("Key12=defaultValue12");
memcpy(static_cast(dest), static_cast(src), count);
dest += count;
src = "\0";
count = 1;
memcpy(static_cast(dest), static_cast(src), count);
dest += count;
src = "Key13=defaultValue13";
count = strlen("Key13=defaultValue13");
memcpy(static_cast(dest), static_cast(src), count);
dest += count;
src = "\0";
count = 1;
memcpy(static_cast(dest), static_cast(src), count);
#endif // defined(_UNICODE) || defined(UNICODE)
bRet = ::WritePrivateProfileSection(_T("Section1"), szInsertedKeyValuePair, gIniFileFullPath);
if (FALSE == bRet)
{
_ftprintf(stderr, _T("Error: Error occurs in calling WritePrivateProfileSection, ")
_T("error code is %lu.\n"),
::GetLastError());
return -1;
}
// ---------------------------------------------- WritePrivateProfileSection
// ----------------------------------------------- WritePrivateProfileString
TCHAR szStr4Int[10] = {_T('\0')};
_itot(-77, szStr4Int, 10);
bRet = ::WritePrivateProfileString(_T("Section1"), _T("Key12"), szStr4Int, gIniFileFullPath);
if (FALSE == bRet)
{
_ftprintf(stderr, _T("Error: Error occurs in calling WritePrivateProfileString, ")
_T("error code is %lu.\n"),
::GetLastError());
return -1;
}
bRet = ::WritePrivateProfileString(_T("Section1"), _T("Key13"), _T("Value13"), gIniFileFullPath);
if (FALSE == bRet)
{
_ftprintf(stderr, _T("Error: Error occurs in calling WritePrivateProfileString, ")
_T("error code is %lu.\n"),
::GetLastError());
return -1;
}
// ----------------------------------------------- WritePrivateProfileString
// ------------------------------------------- GetPrivateProfileSectionNames
TCHAR szReturnBuffer[1024] = {_T('\0')};
dwRet = ::GetPrivateProfileSectionNames(szReturnBuffer, 1024, gIniFileFullPath);
if (1024 - 2 == dwRet)
{
_ftprintf(stderr, _T("Error: szReturnBuffer is not large enough to ")
_T("contain all the section names associated with ")
_T("the specified initialization file.\n"));
return -1;
}
// ------------------------------------------- GetPrivateProfileSectionNames
// ------------------------------------------------ GetPrivateProfileSection
// 在 Section1 末尾追加 Key14=defaultValue14
dwRet = ::GetPrivateProfileSection(_T("Section1"), szReturnBuffer, 1024, gIniFileFullPath);
if (1024 - 2 == dwRet)
{
_ftprintf(stderr, _T("Error: szReturnBuffer is not large enough to ")
_T("contain all the key name and value pairs ")
_T("associated with Section1.\n"));
return -1;
}
#if defined(_UNICODE) || defined(UNICODE)
dest = szReturnBuffer + dwRet;
src = L"Key14=DefaultValue14";
count = wcslen(L"Key14=DefaultValue14");
wmemcpy(dest, src, count);
dest += count;
src = L"\0";
count = 1;
wmemcpy(dest, src, count);
#else
dest = szReturnBuffer + dwRet;
src = "Key14=DefaultValue14";
count = strlen("Key14=DefaultValue14");
memcpy(static_cast(dest), static_cast(src), count);
dest += count;
src = "\0";
count = 1;
memcpy(static_cast(dest), static_cast(src), count);
#endif // defined(_UNICODE) || defined(UNICODE)
bRet = ::WritePrivateProfileSection(_T("Section1"), szReturnBuffer, gIniFileFullPath);
if (FALSE == bRet)
{
_ftprintf(stderr, _T("Error: Error occurs in calling WritePrivateProfileSection, ")
_T("error code is %lu.\n"),
::GetLastError());
return -1;
}
// ------------------------------------------------ GetPrivateProfileSection
// ---------------------------------------------- WritePrivateProfileSection
// 在 .ini 文件末尾追加 Section2
ZeroMemory(static_cast(szInsertedKeyValuePair), sizeof(szInsertedKeyValuePair));
#if defined(_UNICODE) || defined(UNICODE)
dest = szInsertedKeyValuePair;
src = L"Key21=defaultValue21";
count = wcslen(L"Key21=defaultValue21");
wmemcpy(dest, src, count);
dest += count;
src = L"\0";
count = 1;
wmemcpy(dest, src, count);
dest += count;
src = L"Key22=defaultValue22";
count = wcslen(L"Key22=defaultValue22");
wmemcpy(dest, src, count);
dest += count;
src = L"\0";
count = 1;
wmemcpy(dest, src, count);
#else
dest = szInsertedKeyValuePair;
src = "Key21=defaultValue21";
count = strlen("Key21=defaultValue21");
memcpy(static_cast(dest), static_cast(src), count);
dest += count;
src = "\0";
count = 1;
memcpy(static_cast(dest), static_cast(src), count);
dest += count;
src = "Key22=defaultValue22";
count = strlen("Key22=defaultValue22");
memcpy(static_cast(dest), static_cast(src), count);
dest += count;
src = "\0";
count = 1;
memcpy(static_cast(dest), static_cast(src), count);
#endif // defined(_UNICODE) || defined(UNICODE)
bRet = ::WritePrivateProfileSection(_T("Section2"), szInsertedKeyValuePair, gIniFileFullPath);
if (FALSE == bRet)
{
_ftprintf(stderr, _T("Error: Error occurs in calling WritePrivateProfileSection, ")
_T("error code is %lu.\n"),
::GetLastError());
return -1;
}
// ---------------------------------------------- WritePrivateProfileSection
// ---------------------------------------------------- GetPrivateProfileInt
// 注: MSDN 中, 该函数原型的返回值数据类型为 UINT, 但, 并非是说它只能返回
// 无符号整型值. 通过该函数, .ini 文件中的负数是可以正确取得的.
int nIntValue4Key12 = ::GetPrivateProfileInt(_T("Section1"), _T("Key12"), -1, gIniFileFullPath);
_tprintf(_T("\nnIntValue4Key12 = %i\n"), nIntValue4Key12);
// ---------------------------------------------------- GetPrivateProfileInt
// ------------------------------------------------- GetPrivateProfileString
// Read value for Key11
dwRet = ::GetPrivateProfileString(_T("Section1"),
_T("Key11"),
_T("Key11 key cannot be found in the initialization file."),
szReturnBuffer,
MAX_PATH,
gIniFileFullPath);
if (MAX_PATH - 1 == dwRet)
{
_ftprintf(stderr, _T("Error: Neither lpAppName nor lpKeyName is NULL ")
_T("and the supplied destination buffer is too small ")
_T("to hold the requested string.\n"));
return -1;
}
if (MAX_PATH - 2 == dwRet)
{
_ftprintf(stderr, _T("Error: Either lpAppName or lpKeyName is NULL and ")
_T("the supplied destination buffer is too small to ")
_T("hold all the strings.\n"));
return -1;
}
_tprintf(_T("\nValue for Key11 is %s.\n"), szReturnBuffer);
// Read value for Key12
dwRet = ::GetPrivateProfileString(_T("Section1"),
_T("Key12"),
_T("Key12 key cannot be found in the initialization file."),
szReturnBuffer,
MAX_PATH,
gIniFileFullPath);
if (MAX_PATH - 1 == dwRet)
{
_ftprintf(stderr, _T("Error: Neither lpAppName nor lpKeyName is NULL ")
_T("and the supplied destination buffer is too small ")
_T("to hold the requested string.\n"));
return -1;
}
if (MAX_PATH - 2 == dwRet)
{
_ftprintf(stderr, _T("Error: Either lpAppName or lpKeyName is NULL and ")
_T("the supplied destination buffer is too small to ")
_T("hold all the strings.\n"));
return -1;
}
_tprintf(_T("Value for Key12 is %s.\n"), szReturnBuffer);
// Read value for Key13
dwRet = ::GetPrivateProfileString(_T("Section1"),
_T("Key13"),
_T("Key13 key cannot be found in the initialization file."),
szReturnBuffer,
MAX_PATH,
gIniFileFullPath);
if (MAX_PATH - 1 == dwRet)
{
_ftprintf(stderr, _T("Error: Neither lpAppName nor lpKeyName is NULL ")
_T("and the supplied destination buffer is too small ")
_T("to hold the requested string.\n"));
return -1;
}
if (MAX_PATH - 2 == dwRet)
{
_ftprintf(stderr, _T("Error: Either lpAppName or lpKeyName is NULL and ")
_T("the supplied destination buffer is too small to ")
_T("hold all the strings.\n"));
return -1;
}
_tprintf(_T("Value for Key13 is %s.\n\n"), szReturnBuffer);
// ------------------------------------------------- GetPrivateProfileString
return 0;
} 参考：
1. MSDN 在线文档
2. VC操作INI文件