mysqld_multi 配置MySQL多实例

本文讲利用MySQL源码安装MySQL并用mysqld_multi配置多实例。

 

1、下载MySQL源码安装版本

     到MySQL官网查找到相应版本下载，本文下载的是5.1版本

 wget -c ftp://ftp.mirrorservice.org/sites/ftp.mysql.com/Downloads/MySQL-5.1/mysql-5.1.60.tar.gz

 

2、解压安装

 tar -zxv -f mysql-5.1.60.tar.gz

 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-charset=utf8
 --with-extra-charset=all --enable-thread-safe-client --enable-assembler
 --with-readline --with-big-tables
 --with-named-curses-libs=/usr/lib/libncursesw.so.5

 make && make install

 

3、添加用户和用户组

 groupadd mysql #添加mysql用户组
 useradd -g mysql mysql #创建mysql用户并把它放到mysql组下
 chown -R root:mysql /usr/local/mysql #修改mysql文件属性

 

4、初始化数据目录

 #把用到的工具添加到/usr/bin目录
 ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi /usr/bin/mysqld_multi
 ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db /usr/bin/mysql_install_db

 #初始化四个数据目录
 mysql_install_db --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql1 --user=mysql
 mysql_install_db --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql2 --user=mysql
 mysql_install_db --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql3 --user=mysql
 mysql_install_db --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql4 --user=mysql

 #修改属性
 chown -R mysql /usr/local/var/mysql1
 chown -R mysql /usr/local/var/mysql2
 chown -R mysql /usr/local/var/mysql3
 chown -R mysql /usr/local/var/mysql4

 

5、配置多实例启动脚本

    从MySQL的源码中把复制到/etc/init.d/目录下

 cp /usr/local/src/mysql-5.1.60/support-files/mysqld_multi.server /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi.server

 #修改basedir和bindir为安装路径
 basedir=/usr/local/mysql
 bindir=/usr/local/mysql/bin

 

6、配置多实例数据库配置文件

     用mysqld_multi工具查看该配置文件的模板方法，命令为：mysqld_multi --example

     在/etc/目录下创建创建文件/etc/mysqld_multi.cnf，把mysqld_multi --example产生的文件粘进去，修改相应属性，如：mysqld,mysqladmin,socket,port,pid-file,datadir,user等。

 [mysqld_multi]
 mysqld     = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
 mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
 #user       = mysql
 #password   = my_password

 [mysqld1]
 socket     = /usr/local/var/mysql1/mysql1.sock
 port       = 3306
 pid-file   = /usr/local/var/mysql1/mysql1.pid
 datadir    = /usr/local/var/mysql1
 #language   = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/english
 user       = mysql

 [mysqld2]
 socket     = /usr/local/var/mysql2/mysql2.sock
 port       = 3307
 pid-file   = /usr/local/var/mysql2/mysql2.pid
 datadir    = /usr/local/var/mysql2
 #language   = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/english
 user       = mysql

 [mysqld3]
 socket     = /usr/local/var/mysql3/mysql3.sock
 port       = 3308
 pid-file   = /usr/local/var/mysql3/mysql3.pid
 datadir    = /usr/local/var/mysql3
 #language   = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/english
 user       = mysql

 [mysqld4]
 socket     = /usr/local/var/mysql4/mysql4.sock
 port       = 3309
 pid-file   = /usr/local/var/mysql4/mysql4.pid
 datadir    = /usr/local/var/mysql4
 #language   = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/english
 user       = mysql

 

7、启动多实例数据库

 将/usr/local/mysql/bin加到$PATH环境变量里
 export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH

 #查看数据库状态
 mysqld_multi --defaults-extra-file=/etc/mysqld_multi.cnf report
 #结果都为没有运行
 Reporting MySQL servers
 MySQL server from group: mysqld1 is not running
 MySQL server from group: mysqld2 is not running
 MySQL server from group: mysqld3 is not running
 MySQL server from group: mysqld4 is not running

 #启动
 mysqld_multi --defaults-extra-file=/etc/mysqld_multi.cnf start
 #结果为
 Reporting MySQL servers
 MySQL server from group: mysqld1 is not running
 MySQL server from group: mysqld2 is not running
 MySQL server from group: mysqld3 is not running
 MySQL server from group: mysqld4 is not running

 #启动具体某一个实例可在start、stop后面加上具体数据1,2,3等

 

8、查看运行结果

 #查看相应端口是否已经被监听
 netstat -tunlp

 #查看是否有活动进程
 ps -aux|grep mysql

 

9、登录相应数据库

 #进入端口为3306的数据库
 mysql -uroot -p -h127.0.0.1 -P3306

 #通过sock文件登录
 mysql -uroot -p -S /usr/local/var/mysql1/mysql1.sock

  #查看socket文件
 mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'socket';

 #查看pid文件
 mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE '%pid%';