SQL HAVING 子句

SQL HAVING 子句

SQL 中增加 HAVING 子句原因是,WHERE 关键字无法与聚合函数一起使用。

HAVING 子句可以让我们筛选分组后的各组数据(HAVING相当于用于聚合函数的WHERE条件语句)。

语法:

WHERE语句经常跟在FROM后面,HAVING经常跟在GROUP BY后面

直接吃我一个栗子

                        "Websites" 表

+----+--------------+---------------------------+-------+---------+
| id | name         | url                       | alexa | country |
+----+--------------+---------------------------+-------+---------+
| 1  | Google       | https://www.google.cm/    | 1     | USA     |
| 2  | 淘宝          | https://www.taobao.com/   | 13    | CN      |
| 3  | 菜鸟教程      | http://www.runoob.com/    | 4689  | CN      |
| 4  | 微博          | http://weibo.com/         | 20    | CN      |
| 5  | Facebook     | https://www.facebook.com/ | 3     | USA     |
| 7  | stackoverflow | http://stackoverflow.com/ |   0 | IND     |
+----+---------------+---------------------------+-------+---------+
                
            access_log 表
+-----+---------+-------+------------+
| aid | site_id | count | date       |
+-----+---------+-------+------------+
|   1 |       1 |    45 | 2016-05-10 |
|   2 |       3 |   100 | 2016-05-13 |
|   3 |       1 |   230 | 2016-05-14 |
|   4 |       2 |    10 | 2016-05-14 |
|   5 |       5 |   205 | 2016-05-14 |
|   6 |       4 |    13 | 2016-05-15 |
|   7 |       3 |   220 | 2016-05-15 |
|   8 |       5 |   545 | 2016-05-16 |
|   9 |       3 |   201 | 2016-05-17 |
+-----+---------+-------+------------+

输入SQL语句:

SELECT Websites.name, SUM(access_log.count) AS nums
//选择输出 Websites的name字段 access_log的count字段调用 SUM后的值 并命名(AS)为 nums

FROM Websites INNER JOIN access_log
ON Websites.id=access_log.site_id
//用表Websites内连接 access_log表,连接条件(ON)是Websites的id字段值=access_log表的site_id字段值

WHERE Websites.alexa < 200 
//筛选出连接后数据元组中Websites表中alexa值 < 200的数据元组

GROUP BY Websites.name 
//通过 Websites表的name字段进行分组

HAVING SUM(access_log.count) > 200; 
//分组的条件是 表access_log的count字段相同值的数据求和大于200

运行结果:

SQL HAVING 子句_第1张图片

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