[Dataguard]主库归档丢失，备库不需重建实验

1）模拟环境，修改主库参数，延迟归档传输到备库

SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_state_2=defer;

System altered.

2）在主库进行一些DML操作

SQL> create table neal as select * from dba_objects;

Table created.

SQL> delete from neal where rownum<1000;

999 rows deleted.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

3）切换日志，产生归档

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

4）查询归档日志应用情况

SQL> select SEQUENCE#,APPLIED from v$archived_log order by SEQUENCE# asc;

SEQUENCE# APPLIED
---------- ---------
839 NO
839 YES
840 NO
840 YES
841 NO
841 YES
842 NO
843 NO

5）将未传到备库的归档文件mv或者rm掉

[oracle@primary orcl]$ mv 1_842_899802738.arc 1_842_899802738.arc.bak
[oracle@primary orcl]$ mv 1_843_899802738.arc 1_843_899802738.arc.bak
[oracle@primary orcl]$ ll -lrth

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 6.5K Mar 24 14:10 1_842_899802738.arc.bak
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 11M Mar 24 14:18 1_843_899802738.arc.bak

6）查询目前备库的scn

SQL> select current_scn from v$database;

CURRENT_SCN
-----------
2356278

7）停止备库的应用功能

SQL> alter database recover standby database cancel;

8）将主库延迟归档传输功能恢复

SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_state_2=enable;

System altered.

9）主库进行基于scn的增量备份

[oracle@primary orcl]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Thu Mar 24 14:24:52 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1427583471)

RMAN> backup incremental from scn 2356278 database format='/u01/backup/forstandby_%u' tag=forstandby;

Starting backup at 24-MAR-16
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=46 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00002 name=/u01/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile file number=00005 name=/u01/oracle/oradata/orcl/qxt01.dbf
input datafile file number=00006 name=/u01/sun01.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 24-MAR-16
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 24-MAR-16
piece handle=/u01/backup/forstandby_05r19oki tag=FORSTANDBY comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:35
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current control file in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 24-MAR-16
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 24-MAR-16
piece handle=/u01/backup/forstandby_06r19olm tag=FORSTANDBY comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
Finished backup at 24-MAR-16

10）传送增量文件到备库

[oracle@primary backup]$ scp forstandby_0* [email protected]:/u01/backup/
[email protected]'s password:
forstandby_05r19oki 100% 10MB 10.2MB/s 00:01
forstandby_06r19olm 100% 13MB 12.5MB/s 00:00 

11)备库查询传输过来的文件

[oracle@standby backup]$ ll -lrt
total 1134124
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1127710720 Dec 30 09:02 backup_899803644_1_1.bak
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 9830400 Dec 30 09:03 backup_899803700_2_1.bak
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 10657792 Mar 24 14:28 forstandby_05r19oki
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 13139968 Mar 24 14:29 forstandby_06r19olm

12）查询备库schema信息

RMAN> report schema;

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
RMAN-06139: WARNING: control file is not current for REPORT SCHEMA
Report of database schema for database with db_unique_name DG

List of Permanent Datafiles
===========================
File Size(MB) Tablespace RB segs Datafile Name
---- -------- -------------------- ------- ------------------------
1 760 SYSTEM *** /u01/oracle/oradata/dg/system01.dbf
2 620 SYSAUX *** /u01/oracle/oradata/dg/sysaux01.dbf
3 70 UNDOTBS1 *** /u01/oracle/oradata/dg/undotbs01.dbf
4 5 USERS *** /u01/oracle/oradata/dg/users01.dbf
5 50 QXT *** /u01/oracle/oradata/dg/qxt01.dbf
6 10 SUN *** /u01/sun01.dbf

List of Temporary Files
=======================
File Size(MB) Tablespace Maxsize(MB) Tempfile Name
---- -------- -------------------- ----------- --------------------
1 20 TEMP 32767 /u01/oracle/oradata/dg/temp01.dbf

13）备库启动到nomount阶段

RMAN> startup nomount;

Oracle instance started

Total System Global Area 784998400 bytes

Fixed Size 2257352 bytes
Variable Size 499125816 bytes
Database Buffers 281018368 bytes
Redo Buffers 2596864 bytes

14）从备份片里恢复standby控制文件

RMAN> restore standby controlfile from '/u01/backup/forstandby_06r19olm';

Starting restore at 24-MAR-16
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=19 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
output file name=/u01/oracle/oradata/dg/control01.ctl
output file name=/u01/oracle/fast_recovery_area/dg/control02.ctl
Finished restore at 24-MAR-16

15）备库启动到mount阶段，并注册备份集

RMAN> alter database mount;

database mounted
released channel: ORA_DISK_1

RMAN> catalog start with '/u01/backup/';

searching for all files that match the pattern /u01/backup/

List of Files Unknown to the Database
=====================================
File Name: /u01/backup/forstandby_06r19olm
File Name: /u01/backup/forstandby_05r19oki

Do you really want to catalog the above files (enter YES or NO)? yes
cataloging files...
cataloging done

List of Cataloged Files
=======================
File Name: /u01/backup/forstandby_06r19olm
File Name: /u01/backup/forstandby_05r19oki

RMAN> list backup;


List of Backup Sets
===================


BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
1 Full 1.05G DISK 00:00:52 30-DEC-15
BP Key: 1 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20151230T092724
Piece Name: /u01/backup/backup_899803644_1_1.bak
List of Datafiles in backup set 1
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 Full 964412 30-DEC-15 /u01/oracle/oradata/dg/system01.dbf
2 Full 964412 30-DEC-15 /u01/oracle/oradata/dg/sysaux01.dbf
3 Full 964412 30-DEC-15 /u01/oracle/oradata/dg/undotbs01.dbf
4 Full 964412 30-DEC-15 /u01/oracle/oradata/dg/users01.dbf

BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
2 Full 9.36M DISK 00:00:07 30-DEC-15
BP Key: 2 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20151230T092724
Piece Name: /u01/backup/backup_899803700_2_1.bak
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 30-DEC-15
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 964412 Ckp time: 30-DEC-15

BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
3 Incr 12.52M DISK 00:00:00 24-MAR-16
BP Key: 3 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: FORSTANDBY
Piece Name: /u01/backup/forstandby_06r19olm
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 2357421 Ckp time: 24-MAR-16

BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
4 Incr 10.16M DISK 00:00:00 24-MAR-16
BP Key: 4 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: FORSTANDBY
Piece Name: /u01/backup/forstandby_05r19oki
List of Datafiles in backup set 4
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 Incr 2357390 24-MAR-16 /u01/oracle/oradata/dg/system01.dbf
2 Incr 2357390 24-MAR-16 /u01/oracle/oradata/dg/sysaux01.dbf
3 Incr 2357390 24-MAR-16 /u01/oracle/oradata/dg/undotbs01.dbf
4 Incr 2357390 24-MAR-16 /u01/oracle/oradata/dg/users01.dbf
5 Incr 2357390 24-MAR-16 /u01/oracle/oradata/dg/qxt01.dbf
6 Incr 2357390 24-MAR-16 /u01/sun01.dbf

16）使用如下语句恢复

RMAN> recover database noredo;

Starting recover at 24-MAR-16
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
destination for restore of datafile 00001: /u01/oracle/oradata/dg/system01.dbf
destination for restore of datafile 00002: /u01/oracle/oradata/dg/sysaux01.dbf
destination for restore of datafile 00003: /u01/oracle/oradata/dg/undotbs01.dbf
destination for restore of datafile 00004: /u01/oracle/oradata/dg/users01.dbf
destination for restore of datafile 00005: /u01/oracle/oradata/dg/qxt01.dbf
destination for restore of datafile 00006: /u01/sun01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/backup/forstandby_05r19oki
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/backup/forstandby_05r19oki tag=FORSTANDBY
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished recover at 24-MAR-16