flask+gunicorn+nginx 部署web应用全攻略
flask快速使用
１．安装flask
pip install flask
２．编写一个最小的应用,文件名为run.py
from flask import Flask
app = Flask(__name__)
@app.route('/')
def hello_world():
return 'Hello World!'
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run()
３．在网页上打开http://127.0.0.1:5000/,即进入到web应用
nginx安装与配置
１．安装nginx
#在ubuntu下,可以使用下面命令快速安装
sudo apt-get install nginx
2.检测是否安装成功
ps -ef|grep nginx
出现
root 5005 1 0 19:58 ? 00:00:00 nginx: master process nginx
www-data 5006 5005 0 19:58 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
ubuntu 5852 5808 0 20:07 pts/1 00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx
3.查询nginx的位置,打开终端输入
whereis nginx
出现
nginx: /usr/sbin/nginx /etc/nginx /usr/share/nginx
4.进入配置文件的路径,发现下面有一个defalut的文件,这就是nginx的服务器配置文件
cd /etc/nginx/sites-available/
5.修改defalut,修改过的地方已经备注
sudo vi default
##
# You should look at the following URL's in order to grasp a solid understanding
# of Nginx configuration files in order to fully unleash the power of Nginx.
# http://wiki.nginx.org/Pitfalls
# http://wiki.nginx.org/QuickStart
# http://wiki.nginx.org/Configuration
#
# Generally, you will want to move this file somewhere, and start with a clean
# file but keep this around for reference. Or just disable in sites-enabled.
#
# Please see /usr/share/doc/nginx-doc/examples/ for more detailed examples.
##
# Default server configuration
#
server {
listen 80 default_server;
#已修改
listen [::]:80 ipv6only=on default_server;
# SSL configuration
#
# listen 443 ssl default_server;
# listen [::]:443 ssl default_server;
#
# Note: You should disable gzip for SSL traffic.
# See: https://bugs.debian.org/773332
#
# Read up on ssl_ciphers to ensure a secure configuration.
# See: https://bugs.debian.org/765782
#
# Self signed certs generated by the ssl-cert package
# Don't use them in a production server!
#
# include snippets/snakeoil.conf;
root /var/www/html;
# Add index.php to the list if you are using PHP
index index.html index.htm index.nginx-debian.html;
server_name _;
location / {
# First attempt to serve request as file, then
# as directory, then fall back to displaying a 404.
#已修改
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080;
access_log /var/log/EMiao/nginx/nginx.log;
proxy_read_timeout 300;
try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
#
# # With php7.0-cgi alone:
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# # With php7.0-fpm:
# fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php7.0-fpm.sock;
#}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}
# Virtual Host configuration for example.com
#
# You can move that to a different file under sites-available/ and symlink that
# to sites-enabled/ to enable it.
#
#server {
# listen 80;
# listen [::]:80;
#
# server_name example.com;
#
# root /var/www/example.com;
# index index.html;
#
# location / {
# try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
# }
#}
ps:关于location里面的几个参数
#监听的地址,由于使用了gunicorn,在这里即gunicorn的启动地址
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080;
＃日志路径
access_log /var/log/EMiao/nginx/nginx.log;
＃最迟返回时间
proxy_read_timeout 300;
6.重启nginx
ps -ef|grep nginx
出现
root 5005 1 0 19:58 ? 00:00:00 nginx: master process nginx
www-data 5006 5005 0 19:58 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
ubuntu 7548 5808 0 20:25 pts/1 00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx
先杀死所有nginx
kill -9 5005
kill -9 5006
kill -9 7548
再执行ps -ef|grep nginx,不再出现
启动nginx
sudo nginx
到这里nginx已经部署完成,打开网页,输入 http://你的服务器ip,会出现502的nginx报错,说明已经启动成功,错误的原因是找不到这个服务,因为gunicorn还没起来
gunicorn安装与配置
１．安装gunicorn,在ubuntu下安装,非常简单
pip install gunicorn
2.进入到flask应用的文件夹,即第一步的run.py的文件夹下
3.启动gunicorn
gunicorn -w 4 -b 127.0.0.1:8080 run:app
ps:这里的8080即上面nginx监听的端口
-w 4是指预定义的工作进程数为4，
-b 127.0.0.1:4000指绑定地址和端口
run是flask的启动python文件，app则是flask应用程序实例
４.gunicorn部署完成,打开网页,输入 http://你的服务器ip, 就会进入你的应用了!