浅谈Java语言中List集合复制（浅克隆与深度克隆）爬坑记

List常见的复制方式：

首先准备一个实体类：

public class User  {

    private String userName;

    private Integer age;

    public String getUserName() {
        return userName;
    }

    public void setUserName(String userName) {
        this.userName = userName;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public User(String userName, Integer age) {
        this.userName = userName;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public User() {
    }

    @Override public String toString() {
        return "User{" + "userName='" + userName + '\'' + ", age=" + age + '}';
    }
}

其次构造原始List集合

 private List sourceList = new ArrayList<>();

    @Before public void setUp() throws Exception {
        sourceList.add(new User("Tom",21));
        sourceList.add(new User("Lucy",22));
        sourceList.add(new User("Jack",23));
    }

方式一：

    @Test
    public void shallowCopyAddAll() {
        System.out.println("Copy before -> sourceList->  "+ sourceList);
        System.out.println("**********************************************");

        List targetList = new ArrayList<>();
        targetList.addAll(sourceList);
        targetList.get(0).setAge(30);
        System.out.println("After the copy -> sourceList->  "+sourceList);
        System.out.println("After the copy -> targetList->  "+targetList);
    }

结果：

Copy before -> sourceList->  [User{userName='Tom', age=21}, User{userName='Lucy', age=22}, User{userName='Jack', age=23}]
**********************************************
After the copy -> sourceList->  [User{userName='Tom', age=30}, User{userName='Lucy', age=22}, User{userName='Jack', age=23}]
After the copy -> targetList->  [User{userName='Tom', age=30}, User{userName='Lucy', age=22}, User{userName='Jack', age=23}]

 

修改克隆集合中的值，源集合也随之发生了变化。

 

方式二：

    @Test
    public void shallowCopy() {
        System.out.println("Copy before -> sourceList->  "+ sourceList);
        System.out.println("**********************************************");

        List targetList = new ArrayList<>(sourceList);
        targetList.get(0).setAge(40);
        System.out.println("After the copy -> sourceList->  "+sourceList);
        System.out.println("After the copy -> targetList->  "+targetList);
    }

结果：

Copy before -> sourceList->  [User{userName='Tom', age=21}, User{userName='Lucy', age=22}, User{userName='Jack', age=23}]
**********************************************
After the copy -> sourceList->  [User{userName='Tom', age=40}, User{userName='Lucy', age=22}, User{userName='Jack', age=23}]
After the copy -> targetList->  [User{userName='Tom', age=40}, User{userName='Lucy', age=22}, User{userName='Jack', age=23}]

修改克隆集合中的值，源集合也随之发生了变化。

 

方式三：

    @Test
    public void shallowCopySysCopy() {
        System.out.println("Copy before -> sourceList->  "+ sourceList);
        System.out.println("**********************************************");

        User[] targets = new User[sourceList.size()];
        Object[] sources = sourceList.toArray();
        System.arraycopy(sources,0,targets,0,sourceList.size());
        targets[0].setAge(50);

        System.out.println("After the copy -> sourceList->  "+ Arrays.asList(sources));
        System.out.println("After the copy -> targetList->  "+Arrays.asList(targets));
    }

结果：

Copy before -> sourceList->  [User{userName='Tom', age=21}, User{userName='Lucy', age=22}, User{userName='Jack', age=23}]
**********************************************
After the copy -> sourceList->  [User{userName='Tom', age=50}, User{userName='Lucy', age=22}, User{userName='Jack', age=23}]
After the copy -> targetList->  [User{userName='Tom', age=50}, User{userName='Lucy', age=22}, User{userName='Jack', age=23}]

 

 

修改克隆集合中的值，源集合也随之发生了变化。

 

方式四：

    @Test
    public void shallowCopyCollectionsCopy() {
        System.out.println("Copy before -> sourceList->  "+ sourceList);
        System.out.println("**********************************************");
        List targetList = new ArrayList<>();
        Collections.addAll(targetList,new User[sourceList.size()]);
        Collections.copy(targetList,sourceList);
        targetList.get(0).setAge(51);

        System.out.println("After the copy -> sourceList->  "+ sourceList);
        System.out.println("After the copy -> targetList->  "+targetList);
    }

结果：

Copy before -> sourceList->  [User{userName='Tom', age=21}, User{userName='Lucy', age=22}, User{userName='Jack', age=23}]
**********************************************
After the copy -> sourceList->  [User{userName='Tom', age=51}, User{userName='Lucy', age=22}, User{userName='Jack', age=23}]
After the copy -> targetList->  [User{userName='Tom', age=51}, User{userName='Lucy', age=22}, User{userName='Jack', age=23}]

 

 

修改克隆集合中的值，源集合也随之发生了变化。

 

方式五：

    @Test
    public void shallowCopyCollectionsAddAll() {
        System.out.println("Copy before -> sourceList->  "+ sourceList);
        System.out.println("**********************************************");
        List targetList = new ArrayList<>();
        User[] sources = new User[sourceList.size()];
        for (int i = 0; i < sourceList.size(); i++) {
            sources[i] = sourceList.get(i);
        }
        Collections.addAll(targetList,sources);

        targetList.get(0).setAge(52);

        System.out.println("After the copy -> sourceList->  "+ sourceList);
        System.out.println("After the copy -> targetList->  "+targetList);
    }

结果：

Copy before -> sourceList->  [User{userName='Tom', age=21}, User{userName='Lucy', age=22}, User{userName='Jack', age=23}]
**********************************************
After the copy -> sourceList->  [User{userName='Tom', age=52}, User{userName='Lucy', age=22}, User{userName='Jack', age=23}]
After the copy -> targetList->  [User{userName='Tom', age=52}, User{userName='Lucy', age=22}, User{userName='Jack', age=23}]

 

修改克隆集合中的值，源集合也随之发生了变化。

 

方式六：

    @Test
    public void shallowCopyCycle() {
        System.out.println("Copy before -> sourceList->  "+ sourceList);
        System.out.println("**********************************************");

        List targetList = new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < sourceList.size(); i++) {
            targetList.add(sourceList.get(i));
        }
        targetList.get(0).setAge(60);
        System.out.println("After the copy -> sourceList->  "+sourceList);
        System.out.println("After the copy -> targetList->  "+targetList);
    }

结果：

Copy before -> sourceList->  [User{userName='Tom', age=21}, User{userName='Lucy', age=22}, User{userName='Jack', age=23}]
**********************************************
After the copy -> sourceList->  [User{userName='Tom', age=60}, User{userName='Lucy', age=22}, User{userName='Jack', age=23}]
After the copy -> targetList->  [User{userName='Tom', age=60}, User{userName='Lucy', age=22}, User{userName='Jack', age=23}]

 

修改克隆集合中的值，源集合也随之发生了变化。

 

方式七：

    @Test
    public void shallowCopyForEach() {
        System.out.println("Copy before -> sourceList->  "+ sourceList);
        System.out.println("**********************************************");

        List targetList = new ArrayList<>();
        sourceList.forEach(user -> {
            targetList.add(user);
        });
        targetList.get(0).setAge(70);
        System.out.println("After the copy -> sourceList->  "+sourceList);
        System.out.println("After the copy -> After the copy -> targetList->  "+targetList);
    }

结果：

Copy before -> sourceList->  [User{userName='Tom', age=21}, User{userName='Lucy', age=22}, User{userName='Jack', age=23}]
**********************************************
After the copy -> sourceList->  [User{userName='Tom', age=70}, User{userName='Lucy', age=22}, User{userName='Jack', age=23}]
After the copy -> After the copy -> targetList->  [User{userName='Tom', age=70}, User{userName='Lucy', age=22}, User{userName='Jack', age=23}]

修改克隆集合中的值，源集合也随之发生了变化。

 

场景：  如果只是单纯的复制集合，以上几种方法都适用。如果修改克隆的集合的值，而又不影响源集合中的值，以上方法就不适用了。因为以上方法克隆List集合时，只是改变了List集合中元素的引用，引用的地址却没有发生变化，导致在操作克隆集合的同时源集合的元素也会相应发生变化。

解决方案：（进行深层次的复制）

一： 的复制集合的同时创建新的对象（New ）,再放入克隆的集合，这时改变克隆的集合，源集合对应的元素就不会发生变化。

二：使用IO流，把对象序列化到流中，当然这种方法肯定会要开辟新的堆内存。所以实体类必须要实现序列化接口

 

优化实体类：

public class User implements Serializable {

    private String userName;

    private Integer age;

    public String getUserName() {
        return userName;
    }

    public void setUserName(String userName) {
        this.userName = userName;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public User(String userName, Integer age) {
        this.userName = userName;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public User() {
    }

    @Override public String toString() {
        return "User{" + "userName='" + userName + '\'' + ", age=" + age + '}';
    }
}

工具类：

public static List deepCopy(List sourceList) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
        ByteArrayOutputStream byteOut = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        ObjectOutputStream out = new ObjectOutputStream(byteOut);
        out.writeObject(sourceList);

        ByteArrayInputStream byteIn = new ByteArrayInputStream(byteOut.toByteArray());
        ObjectInputStream in = new ObjectInputStream(byteIn);
        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
        List dest = (List) in.readObject();
        return dest;
    }

使用方式：

    @Test
    public void shallowCopyDeepCopy() throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
        System.out.println("Copy before -> sourceList->  "+ sourceList);
        System.out.println("**********************************************");

        List targetList = ListUtils.deepCopy(sourceList);
        targetList.get(0).setAge(80);
        targetList.get(1).setAge(91);
        System.out.println("After the copy -> sourceList->  "+sourceList);
        System.out.println("After the copy -> After the copy -> targetList->  "+targetList);
    }

结果：

Copy before -> sourceList->  [User{userName='Tom', age=21}, User{userName='Lucy', age=22}, User{userName='Jack', age=23}]
**********************************************
After the copy -> sourceList->  [User{userName='Tom', age=21}, User{userName='Lucy', age=22}, User{userName='Jack', age=23}]
After the copy -> After the copy -> targetList->  [User{userName='Tom', age=80}, User{userName='Lucy', age=91}, User{userName='Jack', age=23}]

 

修改克隆后集合的元素，源集合对应的元素没有发生任何变化，这就实现了深度克隆集合，不相互影响。

 

博主的一些对List集合操作的工具类源码地址：

https://github.com/jinchunzhao