Linux定时创建文件夹/文件
- 首先获取当前时间，命令是date
[root@mzz11 log]# date
Sun Dec 30 06:01:02 PST 2018
[root@mzz11 log]#
- 格式化当前的时间
[root@mzz11 log]# date "+%Y-%m-%d-%H:%M:%S"
2018-12-30-06:01:47
[root@mzz11 log]#
更多的date命令及其用法如下：
Usage: date [OPTION]... [+FORMAT]
or: date [-u|--utc|--universal] [MMDDhhmm[[CC]YY][.ss]]
Display the current time in the given FORMAT, or set the system date.
-d, --date=STRING display time described by STRING, not `now'
-f, --file=DATEFILE like --date once for each line of DATEFILE
-r, --reference=FILE display the last modification time of FILE
-R, --rfc-2822 output date and time in RFC 2822 format.
Example: Mon, 07 Aug 2006 12:34:56 -0600
--rfc-3339=TIMESPEC output date and time in RFC 3339 format.
TIMESPEC=`date', `seconds', or `ns' for
date and time to the indicated precision.
Date and time components are separated by
a single space: 2006-08-07 12:34:56-06:00
-s, --set=STRING set time described by STRING
-u, --utc, --universal print or set Coordinated Universal Time
--help display this help and exit
--version output version information and exit
FORMAT controls the output. Interpreted sequences are:
%% a literal %
%a locale's abbreviated weekday name (e.g., Sun)
%A locale's full weekday name (e.g., Sunday)
%b locale's abbreviated month name (e.g., Jan)
%B locale's full month name (e.g., January)
%c locale's date and time (e.g., Thu Mar 3 23:05:25 2005)
%C century; like %Y, except omit last two digits (e.g., 20)
%d day of month (e.g, 01)
%D date; same as %m/%d/%y
%e day of month, space padded; same as %_d
%F full date; same as %Y-%m-%d
%g last two digits of year of ISO week number (see %G)
%G year of ISO week number (see %V); normally useful only with %V
%h same as %b
%H hour (00..23)
%I hour (01..12)
%j day of year (001..366)
%k hour ( 0..23)
%l hour ( 1..12)
%m month (01..12)
%M minute (00..59)
%n a newline
%N nanoseconds (000000000..999999999)
%p locale's equivalent of either AM or PM; blank if not known
%P like %p, but lower case
%r locale's 12-hour clock time (e.g., 11:11:04 PM)
%R 24-hour hour and minute; same as %H:%M
%s seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC
%S second (00..60)
%t a tab
%T time; same as %H:%M:%S
%u day of week (1..7); 1 is Monday
%U week number of year, with Sunday as first day of week (00..53)
%V ISO week number, with Monday as first day of week (01..53)
%w day of week (0..6); 0 is Sunday
%W week number of year, with Monday as first day of week (00..53)
%x locale's date representation (e.g., 12/31/99)
%X locale's time representation (e.g., 23:13:48)
%y last two digits of year (00..99)
%Y year
%z +hhmm numeric timezone (e.g., -0400)
%:z +hh:mm numeric timezone (e.g., -04:00)
%::z +hh:mm:ss numeric time zone (e.g., -04:00:00)
%:::z numeric time zone with : to necessary precision (e.g., -04, +05:30)
%Z alphabetic time zone abbreviation (e.g., EDT)
By default, date pads numeric fields with zeroes.
The following optional flags may follow `%':
- (hyphen) do not pad the field
_ (underscore) pad with spaces
0 (zero) pad with zeros
^ use upper case if possible
# use opposite case if possible
After any flags comes an optional field width, as a decimal number;
then an optional modifier, which is either
E to use the locale's alternate representations if available, or
O to use the locale's alternate numeric symbols if available.
Report date bugs to [email protected]
GNU coreutils home page: - 先写个shell脚本创建文件夹
[root@mzz11 log]# vi /opt/datacron.sh
#!/bin/bash
time=$(date "+%Y-%m-%d-%H:%M:%S") ##获取当前时间并且格式化时间
cd /opt/log ##切换到这个目录下
mkdir "${time}" ##创建以时间命名的文件夹
执行以后的效果：
[root@mzz11 log]# /opt/datacron.sh
[root@mzz11 log]# ls
2018-12-30-05:59:04 2018-12-30-06:04:05 2018-12-30-06:04:30 2018-12-30-06:06:13
2018-12-30-05:59:10 2018-12-30-06:04:21 2018-12-30-06:04:33 crolog
[root@mzz11 log]#
可以看到又很多创建好的以时间命名的文件夹，这是作者测试了很多遍。
正常情况下，执行一次创建一个文件夹。
- 定时任务的创建需要用到crontab，首先查看系统是否安装crontab，默认都已经安装好了crontab及crond。如果没有安装，请使用以下指令安装：yum install vixie-cron yum install crontabs
查看crontab的位置
[root@mzz11 log]# which crontab
/usr/bin/crontab
查看crontab服务的运行情况
[root@mzz11 log]# service crond status
crond (pid 1994) is running...
5.crontab命令的使用，定时任务的创建
[root@mzz11 log]# crontab -e
*/1 * * * * /opt/datacron.sh
这个任务的意思是每隔一分钟执行一次/opt/datacron.sh脚本
- 稍等一两分钟查看结果
[root@mzz11 log]# ls
2018-12-30-06:13:01 2018-12-30-06:15:01 2018-12-30-06:17:01 2018-12-30-06:19:01
2018-12-30-06:14:01 2018-12-30-06:16:01 2018-12-30-06:18:01
会看到在我们指定的log目录下生成了由时间命名的文件夹。