Android蓝牙开发开源框架 代码案例
这篇文章我早早就想写了，一直忘记了。之前一开始开发Android就搞蓝牙开发，好头大！研究了半个月才能搞定。现在自己整理出了蓝牙开发框架，这框架比较简单，不过希望能帮助蓝牙开发的朋友们。当然个人技术很菜，不足之处请指导。
BluetoothDevice（蓝牙设备）：如果连接非安卓设备，该类主要是初始服务端连接蓝牙（把本机看作客户端），如果连接安卓设备，看谁先发连接谁就是客户端;
BluetoothSocket（蓝牙通信）：如果对Socket有了解的，就比较好理解了，就是当连接成功时，可以下午通信。
注：这里讲的不够详解，可以去官方网了解。
2.2 根据MAC生成对象，通过：BluetoothDevice device = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter().getRemoteDevice(mac);得到一个BluetoothDevice，相当于找到了连接的对象;
2.3连接，BluetoothSocket socket = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(uuid);连接非Android设备要用固定UUID:
UUID uuid = UUID.fromString("00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB");如果Android设备之间连接要自定义。
2.4发起连接，socket.connect(); 阻止anr事件，要在异步处理连接。
要注意思的是，当蓝牙发数据过来并不是一次性可以从输入流得到，一条数据有可以分几次发送过来。所以要做缓冲区！
蓝牙开步骤：
1.了解，蓝牙API共有五个类，其中需要撑握三个类：
BluetoothAdapter（蓝牙适配器）：该类主要获取蓝牙信息，比较打开蓝牙、获取本机mac地址、配对的蓝牙信息、等等;BluetoothDevice（蓝牙设备）：如果连接非安卓设备，该类主要是初始服务端连接蓝牙（把本机看作客户端），如果连接安卓设备，看谁先发连接谁就是客户端;
BluetoothSocket（蓝牙通信）：如果对Socket有了解的，就比较好理解了，就是当连接成功时，可以下午通信。
注：这里讲的不够详解，可以去官方网了解。
2.连接
2.1 找目标MAC地址，可以从BluetoothAdapter可以获取已经配对过的蓝牙地址，选择要连接的蓝牙地址（mac）。2.2 根据MAC生成对象，通过：BluetoothDevice device = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter().getRemoteDevice(mac);得到一个BluetoothDevice，相当于找到了连接的对象;
2.3连接，BluetoothSocket socket = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(uuid);连接非Android设备要用固定UUID:
UUID uuid = UUID.fromString("00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB");如果Android设备之间连接要自定义。
2.4发起连接，socket.connect(); 阻止anr事件，要在异步处理连接。
3.通信
通信从socket可得输出流和输入流：stream = socket.getInputStream(); output = socket.getOutputStream();要注意思的是，当蓝牙发数据过来并不是一次性可以从输入流得到，一条数据有可以分几次发送过来。所以要做缓冲区！
4.解析数据，这个没什么好说的，根据协议解析返回数据（不懂的可以加我QQ：755022831）
下面代码展示：
使用：
package com.cyy.bluetest;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
import com.cyy.bluetooth.BlueConnetHandler;
import com.cyy.bluetooth.BlueDeviceControl;
import com.cyy.bluetooth.BlueToothCallBack;
public class MainActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener {
private TextView tv;
private BlueConnetHandler handler;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
findViewById(R.id.bn).setOnClickListener(this);
tv = (Button) findViewById(R.id.tv);
}
private void blue() {
BlueDeviceControl control = new BlueDeviceControl();
control.openBlue();// 打开蓝牙
handler = new BlueConnetHandler(new BlueToothCallBack() {
@Override
public void getDate(String date) {
tv.setText("连接数据: " + date);
}
@Override
public void connect(boolean state) {
tv.setText("连接: " + state);
}
}, "mac地址");
handler.sendEmptyMessage(BlueConnetHandler.CONNECT);
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
if (handler.getStateConnect() != 0) {
tv.setText("已在连接中.....");
} else {
tv.setText("连接中.....");
blue();
}
}
}BlueDeviceControl对BluetoothAdapter一个封装：
package com.cyy.bluetooth;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.SharedPreferences;
public class BlueDeviceControl {
private BluetoothAdapter adapter;
/** 构造方法 */
public BlueDeviceControl() {
adapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
}
/** 设备是否支持蓝牙 */
public boolean isBlueToothSupported() {
return adapter != null;
}
/** 打开蓝牙 */
public void openBlue() {
if (adapter != null && !adapter.isEnabled()) {
adapter.enable();
}
}
/** 关闭蓝牙 */
public void closeBlue() {
if (adapter != null && adapter.isEnabled()) {
adapter.disable();
}
}
/** 返回已配对的蓝牙设备 */
public String[] getPartners() {
Set set = adapter.getBondedDevices();
String list[] = new String[set.size()];
int i = 0;
for (BluetoothDevice device : set) {
list[i] = device.getAddress();
i++;
}
return list;
}
/** 返回已配对的蓝牙设备 */
public ArrayList> allPartners() {
ArrayList> list = new ArrayList>();
Set set = adapter.getBondedDevices();
for (BluetoothDevice device : set) {
Map map = new HashMap();
map.put("name", device.getName());
map.put("address", device.getAddress());
list.add(map);
}
return list;
}
/** 自动连接上次连接过的蓝牙地址 */
public String getAdress(Context context) {
SharedPreferences prference;
String BLUE_PREF_NAME = "BLUE_PREF_NAME";
String ADDRESS = "address";
prference = context.getSharedPreferences(BLUE_PREF_NAME, 0);
String tmp = prference.getString(ADDRESS, "00:0E:EA:CE:C9:64");
return tmp;
}
/** 保存蓝牙地址，SharedPreferences保存 */
public void saveAdress(Context context, String mac) {
if (context != null) {
SharedPreferences prference;
String BLUE_PREF_NAME = "BLUE_PREF_NAME";
String ADDRESS = "address";
prference = context.getSharedPreferences(BLUE_PREF_NAME, 0);
prference.edit().putString(ADDRESS, mac).commit();
}
}
}
BlueConnectThread蓝牙连接线程：
package com.cyy.bluetooth;
import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.UUID;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
public class BlueConnectThread extends Thread {
private Handler handler;
// 连接非安卓设备固定UUID
private final UUID uuid = UUID.fromString("00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB");
private BluetoothDevice device;
private BluetoothSocket socket;
private OutputStream output;
private String mac;
public BlueConnectThread(Handler handler) {
this.handler = handler;
}
@Override
public void run() {
InputStream stream;
try {
socket.connect();
stream = socket.getInputStream();
output = socket.getOutputStream();
BufferedInputStream input = new BufferedInputStream(stream);
Message message = handler.obtainMessage(
BlueConnetHandler.CONNECT_SUCCEED, mac);
message.sendToTarget();
int length;
byte[] bytes = new byte[100];
while ((length = input.read(bytes)) != -1) {
byte[] cacheByte = new byte[length];
System.arraycopy(bytes, 0, cacheByte, 0, length);
message = handler.obtainMessage(BlueConnetHandler.GET_DATA, cacheByte);
message.sendToTarget();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
Message message = handler.obtainMessage(BlueConnetHandler.CONNECT_FAIL);
message.sendToTarget();
System.out.println(e.toString());
}
}
public boolean sendMsg(String msg) {
if (output != null) {
try {
output.write(msg.getBytes("UTF-8"));
return true;
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
System.out.println(e.toString());
} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println(e.toString());
}
}
return false;
}
public void setMac(String mac) {
this.mac = mac;
try {
// 判断是不是有效蓝牙地址，如果地址无效IllegalArgumentException异常
device = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter().getRemoteDevice(mac);
// 更改socket信道
socket = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(uuid);
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
System.out.println(e.toString());
} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println(e.toString());
}
}
}
BlueConnetHandler数据处理
package com.cyy.bluetooth;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
public class BlueConnetHandler extends Handler {
private BlueToothCallBack callBack;
// 默认,可以自定义测试目标mac地址
private String mac = "00:0E:EA:CE:C9:53";
// 缓冲区1024字节，如果接收的内容多，可以适当增大缓冲区
private ByteBuffer blueData = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
public static final int CONNECT = 0x111111;
public static final int GET_DATA = 0x111111 + 1;
public static final int CONNECT_FAIL = 0x111111 + 2;
public static final int CONNECT_SUCCEED = 0x111111 + 3;
private static final int RESET = 0x111111 + 4;
private static final int time = 10 * 1000;
private int stateConnect = 0;// 连接状态，默认未开始连接
private BlueConnectThread thread;
public BlueConnetHandler(BlueToothCallBack callBack) {
this.callBack = callBack;
}
public BlueConnetHandler(BlueToothCallBack callBack, String mac) {
this.callBack = callBack;
this.mac = mac;
}
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
super.handleMessage(msg);
switch (msg.what) {
case CONNECT:
if (thread == null || !thread.isAlive()) {
stateConnect = CONNECT;
thread = new BlueConnectThread(this);
thread.setMac(mac);
thread.start();
}
break;
case CONNECT_FAIL:
stateConnect = CONNECT_FAIL;
dealACallBack(false);
// 设置连接失败后继续重新连接，10秒后重启
this.sendEmptyMessageDelayed(CONNECT, time);
break;
case CONNECT_SUCCEED:
stateConnect = CONNECT_SUCCEED;
mac = (String) msg.obj;
callBack.connect(true);
dealACallBack(true);
break;
case GET_DATA:// 从蓝牙获取到一些数据，通常一组数据分几次发送过来
byte[] bytes = (byte[]) msg.obj;
blueData.put(bytes);
this.removeMessages(RESET);
this.sendEmptyMessageDelayed(RESET, 100);
break;
case RESET: // 从蓝牙获取一组数据后发送出去
decodeReSet();
break;
default:
break;
}
}
private void dealACallBack(boolean isConnect) {
if (null != callBack) {
callBack.connect(isConnect);
}
}
/** 根据蓝牙协议解析数据。然后重置data */
private void decodeReSet() {
blueData.flip();
// String data = bytes2String(blueData.array());
// 简单地处理，具体还要根据协议来解析数据
String data = new String(blueData.array());
if (callBack != null) {
callBack.getDate(data);
}
blueData.clear();
}
/** 16进制字节数组转换成十进制字符串 */
private String bytes2String(byte[] bytes) {
long sum = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < bytes.length; i++) {
long cache = bytes[i] & 0xff;
for (int j = 0; j < i; j++) {
cache = cache << 4 << 4;
}
sum += cache;
}
return sum + "";
}
public int getStateConnect() {
return stateConnect;
}
public boolean sendMsg(String msg) {
if (thread != null) {
return thread.sendMsg(msg);
}
return false;
}
}
代码开源 SVN:http://code.taobao.org/svn/blueconnect/trunk
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