Oracle Database 12.2本机配置ADG

随着Oracle Database 12.2的发布，越来越多的客户已经开始使用Oracle 12c，刚好下载了12.2，测试下12.2的物理备库。本次测试主库和备库在同一台主机上。


1、环境信息
[root@rh70db ~]# lsb_release -a
LSB Version:    :core-4.1-amd64:core-4.1-noarch:cxx-4.1-amd64:cxx-4.1-noarch:desktop-4.1-amd64:desktop-4.1-noarch:languages-4.1-amd64:languages-4.1-noarch:printing-4.1-amd64:printing-4.1-noarch
Distributor ID: RedHatEnterpriseServer
Description:    Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 7.0 (Maipo)
Release:        7.0
Codename:       Maipo




BANNER                                                                               CON_ID
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production              0
PL/SQL Release 12.2.0.1.0 - Production                                                    0
CORE    12.2.0.1.0      Production                                                                0
TNS for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production                                            0
NLSRTL Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production                                                    0


主机地址：192.168.15.110




2、数据库信息


主库配置：
db_name: orcl
db_unique_name:orcl
Oracle_sid=orcl
pdbs:orclpdb
归档目录：/home/oracle/arch
端口：1521


tnsnames:
 pry ——> orcl
 sty——> orcldg


备库配置：
db_name: orcl
db_unique_name:orcldg
Oracle_sid=orcldg
pdbs:orclpdb
归档目录：/home/oracle/styarch
端口：1521


tnsnames:
 pry ——> orcl
 sty——> orcldg


3、配置步骤
 a、配置主库归档模式，force logging
SQL> startup mount;
SQL> alter database archivelog ;
SQL> alter database open;
SQL> ALTER DATABASE FORCE LOGGING;
c、配置tnsnames
[ora12@rhel66db admin]$ more tnsnames.ora 
pry =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.15.110)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
    )
  )
sty =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.15.110)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVICE_NAME = orcldg)
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
    )
  )






c、修改数据库主数据库参数
ALTER SYSTEM SET log_archive_config='dg_config=(orcl,orcldg)';  --(local_unique_name，remote_unique_name)
alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=/home/oracle/arch valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=orcl'; 
alter system set log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=sty async  valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=orcldg';  
alter system set fal_client='pry'; 
alter system set fal_server='sty';
alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES=5;  
alter system set standby_file_management=auto;


说明：
log_archive_dest_2默认参数如下：NOAFFIRM  COMPRESSION(DISABLE) ENCRYPTION(disable) PRIORITY=1 DELAY=30min MAX_CONNECTIONS=1 NET_TIMEOUT=30s REOPEN=300s


详见：Oracle Database Reference 12c Release 2 (12.2) E49629-15


验证参数信息：
set linesize 500 pages 100
col value for a90 
col name for a50 
select name, value 
from v$parameter 
where name in ('db_name','db_unique_name', 
'log_archive_config', 
'log_archive_dest_1','log_archive_dest_2', 
'log_archive_dest_state_1', 
'log_archive_dest_state_2', 
'remote_login_passwordfile', 
'log_archive_format', 
'log_archive_max_processes', 
'fal_server','fal_client','db_file_name_convert', 
'log_file_name_convert', 
'standby_file_management') 
/






d、创建备库参数文件，修改参数后内容如下：
[oracle@rh70db dbs]$ more initorcldg.ora 
orcldg.__data_transfer_cache_size=0
orcldg.__db_cache_size=230686720
orcldg.__inmemory_ext_roarea=0
orcldg.__inmemory_ext_rwarea=0
orcldg.__java_pool_size=4194304
orcldg.__large_pool_size=8388608
orcldg.__oracle_base='/app/12.2.0'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment
orcldg.__pga_aggregate_target=369098752
orcldg.__sga_target=469762048
orcldg.__shared_io_pool_size=0
orcldg.__shared_pool_size=209715200
orcldg.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='/app/12.2.0/admin/orcldg/adump'
*.audit_trail='db'
*.compatible='12.2.0'
*.control_files='/app/12.2.0/oradata/orcldg/control01.ctl','/app/12.2.0/oradata/orcldg/control02.ctl'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_file_name_convert='/app/12.2.0/oradata/orcl/','/app/12.2.0/oradata/orcldg/'
*.db_name='orcl'
*.db_unique_name='orcldg'
*.diagnostic_dest='/app/12.2.0'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)'
*.enable_pluggable_database=true
*.fal_client='sty'
*.fal_server='pry'
*.local_listener='LISTENER_ORCL'
*.log_archive_config='dg_config=(orcldg,orcl)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/home/oracle/styarch valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=orcldg'
*.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=pry async valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=orcl'
*.log_archive_max_processes=5
*.log_file_name_convert='/app/12.2.0/oradata/orcl/','/app/12.2.0/oradata/orcldg/'
*.memory_max_target=800m
*.memory_target=800m
*.nls_language='AMERICAN'
*.nls_territory='AMERICA'
*.open_cursors=300
*.processes=300
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.standby_file_management='AUTO'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'


e、配置密码文件
cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
orapwd file=orapworcl password=Gyc_1234 entries=5 force=y
cp orapworcl  orapworcldg


f、创建备库相关文件
SQL> ho mkdir -p /app/12.2.0/admin/orcldg/adump
SQL> ho mkdir -p /app/12.2.0/oradata/orcldg




g、备份/恢复控制文件
backup current controlfile for standby format '/home/oracle/ctr'; 
export ORACLE_SID=orcldg
restore standby controlfile from '/home/oracle/ctr';?


alter database mount;
在备库上查看进程信息，出现RFS进程
SQL> select process,status,group#,thread#,sequence#,blocks from v$managed_standby;


h、备份/恢复数据库
backup database   format '/home/oracle/orcl_%U';


catalog start with '/home/oracle/'; 


生产执行文件，其中name属性需要根据实际情况修改，本次测试将orcl修改为orcldg
select 'set newname for datafile '||file#||' to '''||name||''';' from v$datafile;
 run { 
set newname for datafile 1 to '/app/12.2.0/oradata/orcldg/system01.dbf';
set newname for datafile 3 to '/app/12.2.0/oradata/orcldg/sysaux01.dbf';
set newname for datafile 4 to '/app/12.2.0/oradata/orcldg/undotbs01.dbf';
set newname for datafile 5 to '/app/12.2.0/oradata/orcldg/pdbseed/system01.dbf';
set newname for datafile 6 to '/app/12.2.0/oradata/orcldg/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf';
set newname for datafile 7 to '/app/12.2.0/oradata/orcldg/users01.dbf';
set newname for datafile 8 to '/app/12.2.0/oradata/orcldg/pdbseed/undotbs01.dbf';
set newname for datafile 9 to '/app/12.2.0/oradata/orcldg/orclpdb/system01.dbf';
set newname for datafile 10 to '/app/12.2.0/oradata/orcldg/orclpdb/sysaux01.dbf';
set newname for datafile 11 to '/app/12.2.0/oradata/orcldg/orclpdb/undotbs01.dbf';
set newname for datafile 12 to '/app/12.2.0/oradata/orcldg/orclpdb/users01.dbf';
restore database; 
switch datafile all; 
} 


i、添加standby日志


alter database add standby logfile  ('/app/12.2.0/oradata/orcldg/stdredo101.log') size 200m;
alter database add standby logfile  ('/app/12.2.0/oradata/orcldg/stdredo102.log') size 200m;
alter database add standby logfile  ('/app/12.2.0/oradata/orcldg/stdredo103.log') size 200m;
alter database add standby logfile  ('/app/12.2.0/oradata/orcldg/stdredo104.log') size 200m;


j、启动日志实时应用，检查进程
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE USING CURRENT LOGFILE DISCONNECT FROM SESSION;


PROCESS   STATUS       GROUP#                                      THREAD#  SEQUENCE#     BLOCKS
--------- ------------ ---------------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ----------
ARCH      CLOSING      5                                                 1         34        241
DGRD      ALLOCATED    N/A                                               0          0          0
DGRD      ALLOCATED    N/A                                               0          0          0
ARCH      CONNECTED    N/A                                               0          0          0
ARCH      CLOSING      4                                                 1         32        376
ARCH      CLOSING      4                                                 1         33       1170
ARCH      CONNECTED    N/A                                               0          0          0
RFS       IDLE         2                                                 1         35          1
RFS       IDLE         N/A                                               0          0          0
MRP0      APPLYING_LOG N/A                                               1         35     409600
RFS       IDLE         N/A                                               0          0          0


open数据库：


alter database open;
alter pluggable database all open;




调整temp表空间：
alter tablespace temp add tempfile '/app/12.2.0/oradata/orcldg/temp01.dbf' size 1g;
alter tablespace temp drop tempfile '/app/12.2.0/oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf';
 alter session set container=orclpdb;
alter tablespace temp add tempfile '/app/12.2.0/oradata/orcldg/orclpdb/temp01.dbf' size 1g;
 alter tablespace temp drop tempfile '/app/12.2.0/oradata/orcl/orclpdb/temp01.dbf';
 alter session set container=pdb$seed;
alter tablespace temp add tempfile '/app/12.2.0/oradata/orcldg/pdbseed/temp012017-03-07_14-19-56-013-PM.dbf' size 1g;
 alter tablespace temp drop tempfile '/app/12.2.0/oradata/orcl/pdbseed/temp012017-03-07_14-19-56-013-PM.dbf'; 


查看数据库状态：
SQL>  select current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_logging,open_mode,switchover_status from v$database;


CURRENT_SCN PROTECTION_MODE      DATABASE_ROLE    FORCE_LOGGING                           OPEN_MODE            SWITCHOVER_STATUS
----------- -------------------- ---------------- --------------------------------------- -------------------- --------------------
    1751774 MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE  PHYSICAL STANDBY YES                                     READ ONLY WITH APPLY NOT ALLOWED


4、测试验证
--测试
alter session set container=orclpdb;
select table gyc as select * from dba_objects;
create tablespace gyc datafile '/app/12.2.0/oradata/orcl/orclpdb/gyc.dbf' size 1m;
alter database datafile '/app/12.2.0/oradata/orcl/orclpdb/gyc.dbf' resize 2m; 


5、其他配置
主库调整删除归档限制：
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO APPLIED ON STANDBY;
12c数据库控制文件会自动备份，备份目录为$ORACLE_HOME/dbs下


6、物理dg基本操作
--开始应用归档
alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
--取消应用归档
alter database recover managed standby database cancel;
--启动redo apply
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE USING CURRENT LOGFILE DISCONNECT FROM SESSION;
--取消redo apply
alter database recover managed standby database cancel;
--查看primary端归档目录监控
col destination for a60
SELECT DESTINATION, DEST_NAME,STATUS, ARCHIVED_THREAD#, ARCHIVED_SEQ# FROM V$ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS WHERE STATUS <> 'DEFERRED' AND STATUS <> 'INACTIVE';
--查看日志状态
 select group#,bytes/1024/1024 mb, members ,status from v$log;
--查看switch状态
select switchover_status from v$database;
--查看数据库状态
 set lin 200 pages 100
 select current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_logging,open_mode,switchover_status from v$database;
--查看进程状态
select process,status,thread#,sequence#,block#,blocks from v$managed_standby;
--查看归档目录错误
col dest_name for a40
select dest_name,error,status from v$archive_dest where rownum<5;
--查看归档路径状态
col message for a80
select SEVERITY,error_code,to_char(timestamp,'yyyymmdd hh24:mi:ss') timestamps,message from v$dataguard_status;


7、常见问题及处理方式
a、
sty                            LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2   ERROR     ORA-01033: ORACLE initialization or shutdown in progress
20170307 15:59:00 krsg_check_connection: Error 1033 connecting to standby 'sty' (Process:TT00) (PID:6576)
重新拷贝密码文件。




b、
ORA-16191: Primary log shipping client not logged on standby
修改主库密码后，standby密码修改，密码文件密码和用户密码不一致。重新拷贝密码文件




c、主库增加数据文件，备库失败
MRP0: Background Media Recovery process shutdown (orcldg)
2017-03-08T13:43:57.956254+08:00
Errors in file /app/12.2.0/diag/rdbms/orcldg/orcldg/trace/orcldg_m000_3928.trc:
ORA-01110: data file 13: '/app/12.2.0/db/dbs/UNNAMED00013'
ORA-01565: error in identifying file '/app/12.2.0/db/dbs/UNNAMED00013'
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 7
Checker run found 1 new persistent data failures
standby操作
 alter system set standby_file_management=MANUAL;
alter database create datafile '/app/12.2.0/db/dbs/UNNAMED00017' as '/app/12.2.0/oradata/orcldg/orclpdb/gyc.dbf';
alter system set standby_file_management=auto;
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE USING CURRENT LOGFILE DISCONNECT FROM SESSION;






后期会推出Database broker配置及一条命令切换DG。敬请期待！！

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