首先说一下用的最多的byte[]和int之间的转换
/**
* 将32位的int值放到4字节的byte[]里
*
* @param num
* @return
*/
public static byte[] int2byteArray(int num) {
byte[] result = new byte[4];
result[0] = (byte) (num >>> 24);// 取最高8位放到0下标
result[1] = (byte) (num >>> 16);// 取次高8为放到1下标
result[2] = (byte) (num >>> 8); // 取次低8位放到2下标
result[3] = (byte) (num); // 取最低8位放到3下标
return result;
}
/**
* 将4字节的byte数组转成一个int值
*
* @param b
* @return
*/
public static int byteArray2int(byte[] b) {
byte[] a = new byte[4];
int i = a.length - 1, j = b.length - 1;
for (; i >= 0; i--, j--) {// 从b的尾部(即int值的低位)开始copy数据
if (j >= 0)
a[i] = b[j];
else
a[i] = 0;// 如果b.length不足4,则将高位补0
}
int v0 = (a[0] & 0xff) << 24;// &0xff将byte值无差异转成int,避免Java自动类型提升后,会保留高位的符号位
int v1 = (a[1] & 0xff) << 16;
int v2 = (a[2] & 0xff) << 8;
int v3 = (a[3] & 0xff);
return v0 + v1 + v2 + v3;
}
byte[]和short的互转
/**
* 转换short为byte
*
* @param b
* @param s
* 需要转换的short
* @param index
* 第几位开始存放
*/
public static void short2byteArray(byte b[], short s, int index) {
b[index + 1] = (byte) (s >> 8);
b[index + 0] = (byte) (s >> 0);
}
/**
* 通过byte数组取到short
*
* @param b
* @param index
* 第几位开始取
* @return
*/
public static short byteArray2short(byte[] b, int index) {
return (short) (((b[index + 1] << 8) | b[index + 0] & 0xff));
}
byte[]和char的互转
/**
* 字符到字节转换
*
* @param ch
* @return
*/
public static void char2byteArray(byte[] bb, char ch, int index) {
int temp = (int) ch;
// byte[] b = new byte[2];
for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
// 将最高位保存在最低位
bb[index + i] = new Integer(temp & 0xff).byteValue();
temp = temp >> 8; // 向右移8位
}
}
/**
* 字节到字符转换
*
* @param b
* @return
*/
public static char byteArray2char(byte[] b, int index) {
int s = 0;
if (b[index + 1] > 0)
s += b[index + 1];
else
s += 256 + b[index + 0];
s *= 256;
if (b[index + 0] > 0)
s += b[index + 1];
else
s += 256 + b[index + 0];
char ch = (char) s;
return ch;
}
byte[]和float的互转
/**
* float转换byte
*
* @param bb
* @param x
* @param index
*/
public static void float2byteArray(byte[] bb, float x, int index) {
// byte[] b = new byte[4];
int l = Float.floatToIntBits(x);
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
bb[index + i] = new Integer(l).byteValue();
l = l >> 8;
}
}
/**
* 通过byte数组取得float
*
* @param bb
* @param index
* @return
*/
public static float byteArray2float(byte[] b, int index) {
int l;
l = b[index + 0];
l &= 0xff;
l |= ((long) b[index + 1] << 8);
l &= 0xffff;
l |= ((long) b[index + 2] << 16);
l &= 0xffffff;
l |= ((long) b[index + 3] << 24);
return Float.intBitsToFloat(l);
}
byte[]和double的互转
/**
* double转换byte
*
* @param bb
* @param x
* @param index
*/
public static void double2byteArray(byte[] bb, double x, int index) {
// byte[] b = new byte[8];
long l = Double.doubleToLongBits(x);
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
bb[index + i] = new Long(l).byteValue();
l = l >> 8;
}
}
/**
* 通过byte数组取得double
*
* @param bb
* @param index
* @return
*/
public static double byteArray2double(byte[] b, int index) {
long l;
l = b[0];
l &= 0xff;
l |= ((long) b[1] << 8);
l &= 0xffff;
l |= ((long) b[2] << 16);
l &= 0xffffff;
l |= ((long) b[3] << 24);
l &= 0xffffffffl;
l |= ((long) b[4] << 32);
l &= 0xffffffffffl;
l |= ((long) b[5] << 40);
l &= 0xffffffffffffl;
l |= ((long) b[6] << 48);
l &= 0xffffffffffffffl;
l |= ((long) b[7] << 56);
return Double.longBitsToDouble(l);
}
byte[]和long相互转换
/**
* 将64位的long值放到8字节的byte数组
* @param num
* @return 返回转换后的byte数组
*/
public static byte[] longTobyteArray(long num) {
byte[] result = new byte[8];
result[0] = (byte) (num >>> 56);// 取最高8位放到0下标
result[1] = (byte) (num >>> 48);// 取最高8位放到0下标
result[2] = (byte) (num >>> 40);// 取最高8位放到0下标
result[3] = (byte) (num >>> 32);// 取最高8位放到0下标
result[4] = (byte) (num >>> 24);// 取最高8位放到0下标
result[5] = (byte) (num >>> 16);// 取次高8为放到1下标
result[6] = (byte) (num >>> 8); // 取次低8位放到2下标
result[7] = (byte) (num); // 取最低8位放到3下标
return result;
}
/**
* 将8字节的byte数组转成一个long值
* @param byteArray
* @return 转换后的long型数值
*/
public static long byteArrayTolong(byte[] byteArray) {
byte[] a = new byte[8];
int i = a.length - 1, j = byteArray.length - 1;
for (; i >= 0; i--, j--) {// 从b的尾部(即int值的低位)开始copy数据
if (j >= 0)
a[i] = byteArray[j];
else
a[i] = 0;// 如果b.length不足4,则将高位补0
}
// 注意此处和byte数组转换成int的区别在于,下面的转换中要将先将数组中的元素转换成long型再做移位操作,
// 若直接做位移操作将得不到正确结果,因为Java默认操作数字时,若不加声明会将数字作为int型来对待,此处必须注意。
long v0 = (long) (a[0] & 0xff) << 56;// &0xff将byte值无差异转成int,避免Java自动类型提升后,会保留高位的符号位
long v1 = (long) (a[1] & 0xff) << 48;
long v2 = (long) (a[2] & 0xff) << 40;
long v3 = (long) (a[3] & 0xff) << 32;
long v4 = (long) (a[4] & 0xff) << 24;
long v5 = (long) (a[5] & 0xff) << 16;
long v6 = (long) (a[6] & 0xff) << 8;
long v7 = (long) (a[7] & 0xff);
return v0 + v1 + v2 + v3 + v4 + v5 + v6 + v7;
}
稍微注意一下就能发现,各种类型与byte之间的转换主要是位数的差异,在转换过程中涉及到的算法也是移位,只要你理解了这个过程,那么数据传输过程涉及到byte和其他类型数据的转换就很简单了
最后是完成的代码
package com.algorithm.example;
public class BytesUtil {
/**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
/**
* 将32位的int值放到4字节的byte[]里
*
* @param num
* @return
*/
public static byte[] int2byteArray(int num) {
byte[] result = new byte[4];
result[0] = (byte) (num >>> 24);// 取最高8位放到0下标
result[1] = (byte) (num >>> 16);// 取次高8为放到1下标
result[2] = (byte) (num >>> 8); // 取次低8位放到2下标
result[3] = (byte) (num); // 取最低8位放到3下标
return result;
}
/**
* 将4字节的byte数组转成一个int值
*
* @param b
* @return
*/
public static int byteArray2int(byte[] b) {
byte[] a = new byte[4];
int i = a.length - 1, j = b.length - 1;
for (; i >= 0; i--, j--) {// 从b的尾部(即int值的低位)开始copy数据
if (j >= 0)
a[i] = b[j];
else
a[i] = 0;// 如果b.length不足4,则将高位补0
}
int v0 = (a[0] & 0xff) << 24;// &0xff将byte值无差异转成int,避免Java自动类型提升后,会保留高位的符号位
int v1 = (a[1] & 0xff) << 16;
int v2 = (a[2] & 0xff) << 8;
int v3 = (a[3] & 0xff);
return v0 + v1 + v2 + v3;
}
/**
* 转换short为byte
*
* @param b
* @param s
* 需要转换的short
* @param index
* 第几位开始存放
*/
public static void short2byteArray(byte b[], short s, int index) {
b[index + 1] = (byte) (s >> 8);
b[index + 0] = (byte) (s >> 0);
}
/**
* 通过byte数组取到short
*
* @param b
* @param index
* 第几位开始取
* @return
*/
public static short byteArray2short(byte[] b, int index) {
return (short) (((b[index + 1] << 8) | b[index + 0] & 0xff));
}
/**
* 字符到字节转换
*
* @param ch
* @return
*/
public static void char2byteArray(byte[] bb, char ch, int index) {
int temp = (int) ch;
// byte[] b = new byte[2];
for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
// 将最高位保存在最低位
bb[index + i] = new Integer(temp & 0xff).byteValue();
temp = temp >> 8; // 向右移8位
}
}
/**
* 字节到字符转换
*
* @param b
* @return
*/
public static char byteArray2char(byte[] b, int index) {
int s = 0;
if (b[index + 1] > 0)
s += b[index + 1];
else
s += 256 + b[index + 0];
s *= 256;
if (b[index + 0] > 0)
s += b[index + 1];
else
s += 256 + b[index + 0];
char ch = (char) s;
return ch;
}
/**
* float转换byte
*
* @param bb
* @param x
* @param index
*/
public static void float2byteArray(byte[] bb, float x, int index) {
// byte[] b = new byte[4];
int l = Float.floatToIntBits(x);
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
bb[index + i] = new Integer(l).byteValue();
l = l >> 8;
}
}
/**
* 通过byte数组取得float
*
* @param bb
* @param index
* @return
*/
public static float byteArray2float(byte[] b, int index) {
int l;
l = b[index + 0];
l &= 0xff;
l |= ((long) b[index + 1] << 8);
l &= 0xffff;
l |= ((long) b[index + 2] << 16);
l &= 0xffffff;
l |= ((long) b[index + 3] << 24);
return Float.intBitsToFloat(l);
}
/**
* double转换byte
*
* @param bb
* @param x
* @param index
*/
public static void double2byteArray(byte[] bb, double x, int index) {
// byte[] b = new byte[8];
long l = Double.doubleToLongBits(x);
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
bb[index + i] = new Long(l).byteValue();
l = l >> 8;
}
}
/**
* 通过byte数组取得double
*
* @param bb
* @param index
* @return
*/
public static double byteArray2double(byte[] b, int index) {
long l;
l = b[0];
l &= 0xff;
l |= ((long) b[1] << 8);
l &= 0xffff;
l |= ((long) b[2] << 16);
l &= 0xffffff;
l |= ((long) b[3] << 24);
l &= 0xffffffffl;
l |= ((long) b[4] << 32);
l &= 0xffffffffffl;
l |= ((long) b[5] << 40);
l &= 0xffffffffffffl;
l |= ((long) b[6] << 48);
l &= 0xffffffffffffffl;
l |= ((long) b[7] << 56);
return Double.longBitsToDouble(l);
}
}