centos6.8离线安装oracle 12c

centos版本：centos 6.8
oracle版本：oracle 12c

1、查看防火墙状态：

service iptable status
service iptables stop

2、关闭selinux

vi /etc/selinux/config
	SELINUX=disabled

3、安装依赖
想要依赖包的可以留言联系我，也可自行下载相关依赖。

无网环境可下载以下安装包，进行安装：
## binutils
rpm -i --force --nodeps binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.48.el6.x86_64.rpm

## compat-libcap1
rpm -i --force --nodeps compat-libcap1-1.10-1.x86_64.rpm

## compat-libstdc++-33
rpm -i --force --nodeps compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64.rpm

## compat-libstdc++-33.i686
rpm -i --force --nodeps glibc-2.12-1.212.el6.i686.rpm
rpm -i --force --nodeps glibc-2.12-1.212.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -i --force --nodeps glibc-common-2.12-1.212.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -i --force --nodeps glibc-devel-2.12-1.212.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -i --force --nodeps glibc-headers-2.12-1.212.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -i --force --nodeps libgcc-4.4.7-23.el6.i686.rpm
rpm -i --force --nodeps nscd-2.12-1.212.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -i --force --nodeps nss-softokn-freebl-3.14.3-23.3.el6_8.i686.rpm
rpm -i --force --nodeps nss-softokn-freebl-3.14.3-23.3.el6_8.x86_64.rpm
rpm -i --force --nodeps compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.i686.rpm

## gcc
rpm -i --force --nodeps cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -i --force --nodeps cpp-4.4.7-23.el6.x86_64.rpm
# rpm -i --force --nodeps glibc-devel-2.12-1.212.el6.x86_64.rpm
# rpm -i --force --nodeps libgcc-4.4.7-23.el6.i686.rpm
rpm -i --force --nodeps libgomp-4.4.7-23.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -i --force --nodeps gcc-4.4.7-23.el6.x86_64.rpm

## gcc-c++
rpm -i --force --nodeps libstdc++-4.4.7-23.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -i --force --nodeps libstdc++-devel-4.4.7-23.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -i --force --nodeps gcc-c++-4.4.7-23.el6.x86_64.rpm

## glibc
rpm -i --force --nodeps tzdata-2018e-3.el6.noarch.rpm
# rpm -i --force --nodeps glibc-common-2.12-1.212.el6.x86_64.rpm
# rpm -i --force --nodeps glibc-2.12-1.212.el6.x86_64.rpm

## glibc.i686
# rpm -i --force --nodeps glibc-common-2.12-1.212.el6.x86_64.rpm
# rpm -i --force --nodeps glibc-2.12-1.212.el6.i686.rpm

## glibc-devel 
# rpm -i --force --nodeps glibc-headers-2.12-1.212.el6.x86_64.rpm
# rpm -i --force --nodeps glibc-devel-2.12-1.212.el6.x86_64.rpm

## glibc-devel.i686
# rpm -i --force --nodeps glibc-headers-2.12-1.212.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -i --force --nodeps glibc-devel-2.12-1.212.el6.i686.rpm

## ksh
rpm -i --force --nodeps ksh-20120801-37.el6_9.x86_64.rpm

## libgcc.i686
# rpm -i --force --nodeps libgcc-4.4.7-23.el6.i686.rpm

## libgcc
rpm -i --force --nodeps libgcc-4.4.7-23.el6.x86_64.rpm

## libstdc++
# rpm -i --force --nodeps glibc-2.12-1.212.el6.x86_64.rpm
# rpm -i --force --nodeps libstdc++-4.4.7-23.el6.x86_64.rpm

## libstdc++.i686
# rpm -i --force --nodeps glibc-2.12-1.212.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -i --force --nodeps libstdc++-4.4.7-23.el6.i686.rpm

## libstdc++-devel
# rpm -i --force --nodeps libstdc++-4.4.7-23.el6.x86_64.rpm
# rpm -i --force --nodeps libstdc++-devel-4.4.7-23.el6.x86_64.rpm

## libstdc++-devel.i686
# rpm -i --force --nodeps libstdc++-4.4.7-23.el6.i686.rpm
rpm -i --force --nodeps libstdc++-devel-4.4.7-23.el6.i686.rpm

## libaio
rpm -i --force --nodeps libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64.rpm

## libaio.i686
rpm -i --force --nodeps libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.i686.rpm

## libaio-devel
rpm -i --force --nodeps libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64.rpm

## libaio-devel.i686
rpm -i --force --nodeps libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.i686.rpm

## libXext
rpm -i --force --nodeps libX11-1.6.4-3.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -i --force --nodeps libX11-common-1.6.4-3.el6.noarch.rpm
rpm -i --force --nodeps libXext-1.3.3-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

## libXext.i686 
rpm -i --force --nodeps libXau-1.0.6-4.el6.i686.rpm
rpm -i --force --nodeps libX11-1.6.4-3.el6.i686.rpm
rpm -i --force --nodeps libxcb-1.12-4.el6.i686.rpm
rpm -i --force --nodeps libXext-1.3.3-1.el6.i686.rpm

## libX11
# rpm -i --force --nodeps libX11-common-1.6.4-3.el6.noarch.rpm
# rpm -i --force --nodeps libX11-1.6.4-3.el6.x86_64.rpm

# libX11.i686
# rpm -i --force --nodeps libX11-common-1.6.4-3.el6.noarch.rpm
# rpm -i --force --nodeps libX11-1.6.4-3.el6.i686.rpm

## libxcb
rpm -i --force --nodeps libxcb-1.12-4.el6.x86_64.rpm

## libxcb.i686
# rpm -i --force --nodeps libxcb-1.12-4.el6.i686.rpm

## libXi
rpm -i --force --nodeps libXi-1.7.8-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

## libXi.i686
# rpm -i --force --nodeps libX11-1.6.4-3.el6.i686.rpm
rpm -i --force --nodeps libXi-1.7.8-1.el6.i686.rpm

## make
rpm -i --force --nodeps make-3.81-23.el6.x86_64.rpm

## sysstat
rpm -i --force --nodeps sysstat-9.0.4-33.el6_9.1.x86_64.rpm

有网环境：

yum -y install binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 
compat-libstdc++-33.i686 gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc.i686 
glibc-devel glibc-devel.i686 ksh libgcc libgcc.i686 
libstdc++ libstdc++.i686 libstdc++-devel libstdc++-devel.i686 
libaio libaio.i686 libaio-devel libaio-devel.i686 libXext 
libXext.i686 libX11 libX11.i686 libxcb libxcb.i686 libXi libXi.i686 make sysstat

4、创建运行oracle数据库的用户组和系统用户

groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba 
useradd -g oinstall -g dba -m oracle 
passwd oracle 
  >>123456
  >>123456 //输入两次密码，设置生效

5、修改内核参数，vi /etc/sysctl.conf，添加：

vi /etc/sysctl.conf 
  fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576  
  fs.file-max = 6815744  
  kernel.shmall = 2097152  
  kernel.shmmax = 4098955264    
  kernel.shmmni = 4096  
  kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128  
  net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500  
  net.core.rmem_default = 262144  
  net.core.rmem_max = 4194304  
  net.core.wmem_default = 262144  
  net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
sysctl -p

6、修改用户限制

vi /etc/security/limits.conf
  oracle soft nproc 2047
  oracle hard nproc 16384
  oracle soft nofile 1024
  oracle hard nofile 65536
  oracle soft stack 10240
  oracle hard stack 10240
vi /etc/pam.d/login
  session required /lib64/security/pam_limits.so
  session required pam_limits.so

7、修改环境变量

vi /etc/profile
  if [ "$USER" = "oracle" ]; then  
  if [ "$SHELL" = "/bin/ksh" ]; then  
  ulimit -p 16384  
  ulimit -n 65536a  
  else  
  ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536  
  fi  
  fi
source /etc/profile

8、创建安装及数据目录

mkdir -p /usr/local/oraInventory
mkdir -p /usr/local/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1  
chown -R oracle:oinstall /usr/local/oracle 
chown -R oracle:oinstall /usr/local/oraInventory
chmod -R 775 /usr/local/oracle

9、切换用户，修改配置文件

su - oracle
vi ~/.bash_profle
  export ORACLE_BASE=/usr/local/oracle  
  export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.1.0/db_1  
  export ORACLE_SID=orcl   
  export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH  
source ~/.bash_profle

10、解压安装文件，并修改参数配置

unzip linuxx64_12201_database.zip
cp -R /usr/local/oracle/database/response /usr/local/oracle/
cd /usr/local/oracle/response/
vi db_install.rsp
  oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
  UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
  INVENTORY_LOCATION=/usr/local/oraInventory
  ORACLE_HOME=/usr/local/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1
  ORACLE_BASE=/usr/local/oracle
  oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
  oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba
  oracle.install.db.OSOPER_GROUP=oinstall
  oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=oinstall
  oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=oinstall
  oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=oinstall
  oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=oinstall
  oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYS=JLwg!2016
  oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSTEM=JLwg!2016
  DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true
  oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE
  oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=orcl
  oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=orcl

11、安装数据库

cd /usr/local/oracle/database 
./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /usr/local/oracle/response/db_install.rsp

12、切换root用户执行以下脚本

./usr/local/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
./usr/local/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh

13、启动监听

su - oracle
netca /silent /responsefile /usr/local/oracle/response/netca.rsp
ll $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/*.ora
lsnrctl start

14、创建静默库

vi /usr/local/oracle/dbca.rsp
  gdbName=orcl
  sid=orcl
  templateName=/usr/local/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/assistants/dbca/templates/General_Purpose.dbc
  characterSet=AL32UTF8
  sysPassword=1qazQAZ1
  pdbAdminPassword=1qazQAZ1
  systemPassword=1qazQAZ1
  createAsContainerDatabase=true
  TOTALMEMORY=2054
  automaticMemoryManagement=false
dbca -silent -createDatabase -responseFile /usr/local/oracle/dbca.rsp -ignorePreReqs

15、查看进程端口

ps -ef | grep oracle | grep -v grep |wc -l
lsnrctl status

16、oracle启动

sqlplus / as sysdba
创建用户及密码：
create user C##test identified by passwd; 
修改用户及密码：
alter user C##test identified by password;

修改用户权限：
alter user  C##test account unlock;   
grant create session to C##test;
grant dba to C##test;

GRANT CREATE USER,DROP USER,ALTER USER,CREATE ANY VIEW,DROP ANYVIEW,EXP_FULL_DATABASE,IMP_FULL_DATABASE, DBA,
CONNECT,RESOURCE,CREATE SESSION TO C##test;   

connect C##test/password;

17、oracle12_C重启服务

su - oracle
sqlplus / as sysdba
	startup;
	exit;
lsnrctl start  如果无法成功启动监听，则强制注册服务：
sqlplus / as sysdba
	alter system register;
	exit;
lsnrctl status  成功则服务已启动。