练习题
1
在eNSP中使用S5700交换机进行配置，通过一条命令划分vlan 2、vlan 3、vlan 1004，通过端口组的方式配置端口1-5为access模式，并添加至vlan2中。配置端口10为trunk模式，并放行vlan3。创建三层vlan 2，配置IP地址为：172.16.2.1/24，创建三层vlan1004，配置IP地址为：192.168.4.2/30。通过命令添加默认路由，下一跳为192.168.4.1。（使用完整命令）
[Huawei]vlan batch 2 3 1004
[Huawei]port-group 1
[Huawei-port-group-1]group-member GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 to GigabitEthernet 0/0/5
[Huawei-port-group-1]port link-type access
[Huawei-port-group-1]port default vlan 2
[Huawei]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/10
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/10]port link-type trunk
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/10]port trunk allow-pass vlan 3
[Huawei]interface Vlanif 2
[Huawei-Vlanif2]ip address 172.16.2.1 24
[Huawei]interface Vlanif 1004
[Huawei-Vlanif1004]ip address 192.168.4.2 30
[Huawei]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.4.1
2
当前有一个centos7.2-1511.iso的镜像文件，使用这个文件配置yum源，要求将这个镜像文件挂载在/opt/centos目录，请问如何配置自己的local.repo文件，使得可以使用该镜像中的软件包，安装软件。
[centos]
name=centos
baseurl=file:///opt/centos
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
3
登录mysql数据库，使用keystone数据库，查询本地用户表中的所有信息并按照id的降序排序。依次将操作命令和返回结果以文本形式提交到答题框。（数据库用户名root，密码000000；关于数据库的命令均使用小写）
[root@xiandian ~]# mysql -uroot -p000000
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 36787
Server version: 10.1.17-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> use keystone
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
MariaDB [keystone]> show tables;
+------------------------+
| Tables_in_keystone |
+------------------------+
| access_token |
| assignment |
| config_register |
| consumer |
| credential |
| domain |
| endpoint |
| endpoint_group |
| federated_user |
| federation_protocol |
| group |
| id_mapping |
| identity_provider |
| idp_remote_ids |
| implied_role |
| local_user |
| mapping |
| migrate_version |
| password |
| policy |
| policy_association |
| project |
| project_endpoint |
| project_endpoint_group |
| region |
| request_token |
| revocation_event |
| role |
| sensitive_config |
| service |
| service_provider |
| token |
| trust |
| trust_role |
| user |
| user_group_membership |
| whitelisted_config |
+------------------------+
37 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [keystone]> select * from local_user order by id desc;
+----+----------------------------------+----------------------------------+-------------------+
| id | user_id | domain_id | name |
+----+----------------------------------+----------------------------------+-------------------+
| 13 | 372c371d6c4a4d5aa099376499fa21ef | 3ac89594c8e944a9b5bb567fca4e75aa | aodh |
| 10 | d46602d109214aea92ec4f9f0e4223e2 | 3ac89594c8e944a9b5bb567fca4e75aa | ceilometer |
| 9 | 020cce9b69a44aef984fa8aba5135f3f | d457e4c70e884effa73eeaea735f985e | heat_domain_admin |
| 8 | 413c222a0c0d476fa77e3a096f9da216 | 3ac89594c8e944a9b5bb567fca4e75aa | heat |
| 7 | 97dcfcb9a3b84dd5a47d40c01425e8f5 | 3ac89594c8e944a9b5bb567fca4e75aa | swift |
| 6 | 95f197fef75a490cbe926350d2688512 | 3ac89594c8e944a9b5bb567fca4e75aa | cinder |
| 5 | 2c8b1e282f804fc58bc8cdfe7518d80f | 3ac89594c8e944a9b5bb567fca4e75aa | neutron |
| 4 | a0024f4b405745b999aaa1276844dec6 | 3ac89594c8e944a9b5bb567fca4e75aa | nova |
| 3 | 46faed53c3534611a83f586d55951246 | 3ac89594c8e944a9b5bb567fca4e75aa | glance |
| 2 | 73191a8367e4410da4bf764263ade04c | 3ac89594c8e944a9b5bb567fca4e75aa | demo |
| 1 | 53a1cf0ad2924532aa4b7b0750dec282 | 3ac89594c8e944a9b5bb567fca4e75aa | admin |
+----+----------------------------------+----------------------------------+-------------------+
11 rows in set (0.00 sec)
4
登录云主机，使用openstack命令，创建名为examtest的容器并查询，上传一个aaa.txt（可自行创建）文件到这个容器中并查询。
[root@xiandian ~]# openstack container create examtest
+---------------------------------------+-----------+------------------------------------+
| account | container | x-trans-id |
+---------------------------------------+-----------+------------------------------------+
| AUTH_0ab2dbde4f754b699e22461426cd0774 | examtest | tx9e7b54f8042d4a6ca5ccf-005a93daf3 |
+---------------------------------------+-----------+------------------------------------+
[root@xiandian ~]# openstack container list
+----------+
| Name |
+----------+
| examtest |
+----------+
[root@xiandian ~]# openstack object create examtest aaa.txt
+---------+-----------+----------------------------------+
| object | container | etag |
+---------+-----------+----------------------------------+
| aaa.txt | examtest | 45226aa24b72ce0ccc4ff73eefe2e26f |
+---------+-----------+----------------------------------+
[root@xiandian ~]# openstack object list examtest
+---------+
| Name |
+---------+
| aaa.txt |
+---------+
5
在云主机中，存在一个大小为20G的硬盘为/dev/vdb，使用fdisk命令对该硬盘进形分区，要求分出两个大小为5G的分区。使用这两个分区，创建名为/dev/md0、raid级别为1的磁盘阵列。创建完成后使用xfs文件系统进形格式化，并挂载到/mnt目录下。
[root@xiandian ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md0
/dev/md0:
Version : 1.2
Creation Time : Wed Oct 23 17:08:07 2019
Raid Level : raid1
Array Size : 5238784 (5.00 GiB 5.36 GB)
Used Dev Size : 5238784 (5.00 GiB 5.36 GB)
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 2
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Update Time : Wed Oct 23 17:13:37 2019
State : clean
Active Devices : 2
Working Devices : 2
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Name : xiandian:0 (local to host xiandian)
UUID : 71123d35:b354bc98:2e36589d:f0ed3491
Events : 17
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 253 17 0 active sync /dev/vdb1
1 253 18 1 active sync /dev/vdb2
[root@xiandian ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/vda1 41G 2.4G 39G 6% /
devtmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev
tmpfs 3.9G 4.0K 3.9G 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 3.9G 17M 3.9G 1% /run
tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/loop0 2.8G 33M 2.8G 2% /swift/node
tmpfs 799M 0 799M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/md0 5.0G 33M 5.0G 1% /mnt
6
使用crt的传输工具将提供的cirros-0.3.4-x86_64-disk.img镜像上传至“iaas-all”节点的/root目录下；使用glance命令将镜像上传，并命名为mycirros，最后使用glance命令查看该镜像的详细信息。
[root@xiandian ~]# source /etc/keystone/admin-openrc.sh
[root@xiandian ~]# glance image-create --name mycirros --disk-format qcow2 --container-format bare --progress < cirros-0.3.4-x86_64-disk.img
[=============================>] 100%
+------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Property | Value |
+------------------+--------------------------------------+
| checksum | ee1eca47dc88f4879d8a229cc70a07c6 |
| container_format | bare |
| created_at | 2019-10-24T10:16:52Z |
| disk_format | qcow2 |
| id | d3663be2-3ebf-443a-b3fc-b3e39bda8783 |
| min_disk | 0 |
| min_ram | 0 |
| name | mycirros |
| owner | 0ab2dbde4f754b699e22461426cd0774 |
| protected | False |
| size | 13287936 |
| status | active |
| tags | [] |
| updated_at | 2019-10-24T10:16:52Z |
| virtual_size | None |
| visibility | private |
+------------------+--------------------------------------+
[root@xiandian ~]# glance image-show d3663be2-3ebf-443a-b3fc-b3e39bda8783
+------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Property | Value |
+------------------+--------------------------------------+
| checksum | ee1eca47dc88f4879d8a229cc70a07c6 |
| container_format | bare |
| created_at | 2019-10-24T10:16:52Z |
| disk_format | qcow2 |
| id | d3663be2-3ebf-443a-b3fc-b3e39bda8783 |
| min_disk | 0 |
| min_ram | 0 |
| name | mycirros |
| owner | 0ab2dbde4f754b699e22461426cd0774 |
| protected | False |
| size | 13287936 |
| status | active |
| tags | [] |
| updated_at | 2019-10-24T10:16:52Z |
| virtual_size | None |
| visibility | private |
+------------------+--------------------------------------+
7.nova管理
登录云主机的dashboard界面（用户名：admin；密码：000000）按照要求设置安全组和配置网络。设置完之后，使用nova boot命令，镜像使用mycirros，flavor使用m1.tiny，网络使用自己配置的子网，创建名为xcloud的云主机，最后使用nova命令查询该云主机的详细信息。
[root@xiandian ~]# nova boot --flavor m1.tiny --image mycirros --nic net-id=3d4eccf3-8967-4bc4-8c9c-78191e03f0c6 xcloud
+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------+
| Property | Value |
+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------+
| OS-DCF:diskConfig | MANUAL |
| OS-EXT-AZ:availability_zone | |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:host | - |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:hostname | xcloud |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:hypervisor_hostname | - |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:instance_name | instance-0000011f |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:kernel_id | |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:launch_index | 0 |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:ramdisk_id | |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:reservation_id | r-a94xz7zd |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:root_device_name | - |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:user_data | - |
| OS-EXT-STS:power_state | 0 |
| OS-EXT-STS:task_state | scheduling |
| OS-EXT-STS:vm_state | building |
| OS-SRV-USG:launched_at | - |
| OS-SRV-USG:terminated_at | - |
| accessIPv4 | |
| accessIPv6 | |
| adminPass | Rvb8uXiV4aD7 |
| config_drive | |
| created | 2018-01-17T05:56:32Z |
| description | - |
| flavor | m1.tiny (2) |
| hostId | |
| host_status | |
| id | 707032d1-290f-4e67-b9d6-2d7d762eb45f |
| image | mycirros (ccfcb758-8fe6-4351-977f-098a5081d432) |
| key_name | - |
| locked | False |
| metadata | {} |
| name | xcloud |
| os-extended-volumes:volumes_attached | [] |
| progress | 0 |
| security_groups | default |
| status | BUILD |
| tenant_id | 38e4fd41edaf40189d152dda18935b97 |
| updated | 2018-01-17T05:56:33Z |
| user_id | 1cec67695fdb49c6adc528fd6803b036 |
+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------+
8
使用提供的软件包和vmware提供的centos7.2操作系统，完成单节点应用系统部署。