ls [-参数]
--version 在标准输出上输出版本信息并退出
ls (GNU coreutils) 8.22
Copyright (C) 2013 Free SoftwareFoundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later
This is free software: you are free tochange and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extentpermitted by law.
Written by Richard M. Stallman and DavidMacKenzie.
--help 在标准输出上显示帮助信息
对应参数如下:
-a,--all do not ignoreentries starting with .
-a 列出目录下所有文件,包括以.开头的隐含文件
-A,--almost-all do not listimplied . and ..
--author with -l,print the author of each file
-A 显示除“.”和”..”外的所有文件
-b,--escape print C-styleescapes for nongraphic characters
--block-size=SIZE scale sizesby SIZE before printing them; e.g.,
'--block-size=M'prints sizes in units of
1,048,576 bytes; see SIZE format below
-b 将文件名中不可输出的字符用反斜杆加字符编号的形式列出
-B,--ignore-backups do not listimplied entries ending with ~
-B 不输出以“~”结尾的备份文件
-c with-lt: sort by, and show, ctime (time of last
modification offile status information);
with -l: showctime and sort by name;
otherwise: sortby ctime, newest first
-c 输出文件的i节点的修改时间,并以此排序
-C listentries by columns
--color[=WHEN] colorizethe output; WHEN can be 'never', 'auto',
or 'always' (thedefault); more info below
-C 按列输出,纵向排序
-d,--directory list directoriesthemselves, not their contents
-d 将目录象文件一样显示,而不显示其下的文件
-D,--dired generate outputdesigned for Emacs' dired mode
-D 产生适合Emacs的dired模式使用的结果
-f do not sort, enable -aU,disable -ls –color
-f 对输出的文件不排序
-F,--classify append indicator(one of */=>@|) to entries
--file-type likewise,except do not append '*'
--format=WORD across -x,commas -m, horizontal -x, long -l,
single-column-1, verbose -l, vertical -C
--full-time like -l--time-style=full-iso
-F 在每个文件名后附上一个字符以说明改文件的类型。“*”:表示可执行的普通文件;“/”:表示目录;“@”:表示符号链接;“|”:表示FIFOs;“=”:表示套接字
-g like-l, but do not list owner
--group-directories-first
groupdirectories before files;
can be augmentedwith a --sort option, but any
use of--sort=none (-U) disables grouping
-g 类似-l,但不现实文件所有者
-G,--no-group in a long listing,don't print group names
-G 输出文件的组的信息
-h,--human-readable with -l, printsizes in human readable format
(e.g., 1K 234M2G)
--si likewise,but use powers of 1000 not 1024
-h 以可读形式显示文件大小
-H,--dereference-command-line
follow symboliclinks listed on the command line
--dereference-command-line-symlink-to-dir
follow eachcommand line symbolic link
that points to adirectory
--hide=PATTERN do not list implied entries matchingshell PATTERN
(overridden by-a or -A)
--indicator-style=WORD appendindicator with style WORD to entry names:
none (default),slash (-p),
file-type(--file-type), classify (-F)
-H 使用命令列中的符号链接指示的真正目的地
-i,--inode print the indexnumber of each file
-i 输出文件的i节点的索引信息
-I,--ignore=PATTERN do not listimplied entries matching shell PATTERN
-I 忽略对应的模式
-k,--kibibytes default to 1024-byte blocks for disk usage
-k 以KB(亲子节)为单位显示文件大小
-l use along listing format
-l 显示文件的详细信息
-L,--dereference when showing fileinformation for a symbolic
link, showinformation for the file the link
references rather thanfor the link itself
-L 列出链接文件名而不是链接到的文件
-m fillwidth with a comma separated list of entries
-m:横向输出文件名,以“,”作为分隔符
-n,--numeric-uid-gid like -l, but listnumeric user and group IDs
-n 用数字的UID,GID代替名称
-N,--literal print raw entrynames (don't treat e.g. control
charactersspecially)
-N 不限制文件长度
-o like-l, but do not list group information
-o 显示文件的除组信息外的详细信息
-p,--indicator-style=slash
append / indicatorto directories
-p 在每个文件名后附上一个字符以说明改文件的类型。“*”:表示可执行的普通文件;“/”:表示目录;“@”:表示符号链接;“|”:表示FIFOs;“=”:表示套接字
-q,--hide-control-chars print ? instead ofnongraphic characters
--show-control-chars shownongraphic characters as-is (the default,
unless programis 'ls' and output is a terminal)
-q 用?代替不可输出的字符
-Q,--quote-name enclose entrynames in double quotes
--quoting-style=WORD use quotingstyle WORD for entry names:
literal, locale,shell, shell-always, c, escape
-r,--reverse reverse orderwhile sorting
-r 对目录反向排序
-R,--recursive listsubdirectories recursively
-R 递归处理,将指定目录下的所有文件及子目录一并处理
-s,--size print theallocated size of each file, in blocks
-s 在每个文件名后输出该文件的大小
-S sort byfile size
--sort=WORD sort byWORD instead of name: none (-U), size (-S),
time (-t),version (-v), extension (-X)
--time=WORD with -l,show time as WORD instead of default
modificationtime: atime or access or use (-u)
ctime orstatus (-c); also use specified time
as sort key if--sort=time
--time-style=STYLE with -l,show times using style STYLE:
full-iso,long-iso, iso, locale, or +FORMAT;
FORMAT isinterpreted like in 'date'; if FORMAT
isFORMAT1
to non-recentfiles and FORMAT2 to recent files;
if STYLE isprefixed with 'posix-', STYLE
takes effectonly outside the POSIX locale
-S 以文件大小排序
-t sort bymodification time, newest first
-t 以文件修改时间排序
-T,--tabsize=COLS assume tab stopsat each COLS instead of 8
-u with-lt: sort by, and show, access time;
with -l: showaccess time and sort by name;
otherwise: sortby access time
-u 以文件上次被访问的时间排序
-U do not sort; list entries indirectory order
-U 对输出的文件不排序
-v naturalsort of (version) numbers within text
-w,--width=COLS assume screenwidth instead of current value
-x listentries by lines instead of by columns
-x 按列输出,横向排序
-X sortalphabetically by entry extension
-X 以文件扩展名排序
-1 listone file per line
-1 一行只输出一个文件
--color=no 不显示彩色文件,其中蓝色:目录;绿色:可执行文件;红色:压缩文件;浅蓝色:链接文件;灰色:其他文件