Maven 配置使用及常用插件说明
文章目录
- 1 常用命令
- 2 使用 Archetype 生成项目
- 3 Resource-Filters
- 4 手动提交 jar 到 remote repository
- 5 assembly插件实现自定义打包
- 6 配置 Java 编译器版本
- 7 JUnit5 Pom.xml 配置
- 8 使用 maven-dependency-plugin 来拷贝依赖 jar 包到指定目录
https://books.sonatype.com/mvnex-book/reference/index.html
1 常用命令
- mvn validate
- mvn compile
- mvn test
- mvn package
- mvn install
- mvn denpendency:analyze ： 能检测两类错误，1、发现未使用的 jar；2、发现已使用但没有显示引用的 jar；
参数
-Dmaven.test.skip=true不运行单元测试-Pdev运行时指定 profile
2 使用 Archetype 生成项目
1、quickstart
mvn archetype:generate -DartifactId=my-app -DgroupId=com.mycompany.app -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-quickstart -DinteractiveMode=false
2、webapp
mvn archetype:generate -DartifactId=my-web-app -DgroupId=com.mycompany.app -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-webapp -DinteractiveMode=false
web-app 项目结构如下：
├───src
│ └───main
│ ├───resources
│ └───webapp
│ └───WEB-INF
└───target
├───classes
├───maven-archiver
└───my-web-app
├───META-INF
└───WEB-INF
└───classes
3 Resource-Filters
在 resources 目录中的文件，可以使用占位符，比如${name}。这些变量的值实际定义在以下文件中：
- pom.xml profile settings
- pom.xml properties, ${project.name}
- main/filters/name.properties
- System property
- settings.xml
- environment settings, ${env.name}
在 pom.xml 中开启功能：
<build>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resourcesdirectory>
<filtering>truefiltering>
resource>
resources>
build>
构建时，在 process-resources 阶段，maven 会将占位符替换为实际的值。
4 手动提交 jar 到 remote repository
有时，远端的 maven repository 没有项目所需的 jar，并且开发环境无法联网，这个时候需要手动提交 jar 到 remote repository 中。
mvn install:install-file -Dfile=non-maven-proj.jar -DgroupId=some.group -DartifactId=non-maven-proj -Dversion=1 -Dpackaging=jar
构建的项目可以通过 mvn install 来发布到配置的 repository 中。
5 assembly插件实现自定义打包
http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-assembly-plugin/index.html
https://blog.csdn.net/defonds/article/details/43233131
| plugin | function |
|---|---|
| maven-jar-plugin | maven 默认打包插件，用来创建 project jar |
| maven-shade-plugin | 用来打可执行包，executable(fat) jar |
| maven-assembly-plugin | 支持定制化打包方式，例如 apache 项目的打包方式 |
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.pluginsgroupId>
<artifactId>maven-shade-pluginartifactId>
<version>1.2.1version>
<executions>
<execution>
<phase>packagephase>
<goals>
<goal>shadegoal>
goals>
<configuration>
<transformers>
<transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
<mainClass>com.demo.AppmainClass>
transformer>
transformers>
configuration>
execution>
executions>
plugin>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-pluginartifactId>
<version>2.3.2version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8source>
<target>1.8target>
configuration>
plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId> maven-assembly-plugin artifactId>
<configuration>
<descriptorRefs>
<descriptorRef>jar-with-dependenciesdescriptorRef>
descriptorRefs>
<archive>
<manifest>
<mainClass>com.demo.AppmainClass>
manifest>
archive>
configuration>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>make-assemblyid>
<phase>packagephase>
<goals>
<goal>singlegoal>
goals>
execution>
executions>
plugin>
plugins>
build>
mvn assembly:assembly
6 配置 Java 编译器版本
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.pluginsgroupId>
<artifactId>maven‑compiler‑pluginartifactId>
<version>3.6.1version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8source>
<target>1.8target>
configuration>
plugin>
7 JUnit5 Pom.xml 配置
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>
<groupId>com.examplegroupId>
<artifactId>junit5-jupiter-starter-mavenartifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOTversion>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>${maven.compiler.source}maven.compiler.target>
<junit.jupiter.version>5.3.2junit.jupiter.version>
properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.jupitergroupId>
<artifactId>junit-jupiter-apiartifactId>
<version>${junit.jupiter.version}version>
<scope>testscope>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.jupitergroupId>
<artifactId>junit-jupiter-paramsartifactId>
<version>${junit.jupiter.version}version>
<scope>testscope>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.jupitergroupId>
<artifactId>junit-jupiter-engineartifactId>
<version>${junit.jupiter.version}version>
<scope>testscope>
dependency>
dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-pluginartifactId>
<version>2.22.1version>
plugin>
plugins>
build>
project>
junit-platform-surefire-provider 已经 deprecated 了，Maven Surefire 从 2.22.0 版本开始对 JUnit Platform 提供 native support。
对于 2.22.0 之前的版本，可以参考下面的 Pom.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>
<groupId>com.makotojava.learngroupId>
<artifactId>HelloJUnit5artifactId>
<version>1.0.2version>
<packaging>jarpackaging>
<name>HelloJUnit5name>
<url>http://maven.apache.orgurl>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8project.build.sourceEncoding>
<junit.platform.version>1.0.2junit.platform.version>
<junit.jupiter.version>5.0.2junit.jupiter.version>
<junit.vintage.version>4.12.2junit.vintage.version>
<logback.version>1.2.3logback.version>
<java.version>1.8java.version>
properties>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.pluginsgroupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-pluginartifactId>
<version>3.6.1version>
<configuration>
<source>${java.version}source>
<target>${java.version}target>
configuration>
plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-pluginartifactId>
<version>2.19version>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.platformgroupId>
<artifactId>junit-platform-surefire-providerartifactId>
<version>${junit.platform.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.jupitergroupId>
<artifactId>junit-jupiter-engineartifactId>
<version>${junit.jupiter.version}version>
dependency>
dependencies>
plugin>
plugins>
build>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.jupitergroupId>
<artifactId>junit-jupiter-engineartifactId>
<version>${junit.jupiter.version}version>
<scope>testscope>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.platformgroupId>
<artifactId>junit-platform-runnerartifactId>
<version>${junit.platform.version}version>
<scope>testscope>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logbackgroupId>
<artifactId>logback-classicartifactId>
<version>${logback.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.platformgroupId>
<artifactId>junit-platform-console-standaloneartifactId>
<version>${junit.platform.version}version>
<scope>testscope>
dependency>
dependencies>
project>
8 使用 maven-dependency-plugin 来拷贝依赖 jar 包到指定目录
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.pluginsgroupId>
<artifactId>maven-dependency-pluginartifactId>
<version>3.0.1version>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>copy-dependenciesid>
<phase>testphase>
<goals>
<goal>copy-dependenciesgoal>
goals>
<configuration>
<outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/liboutputDirectory>
configuration>
execution>
executions>
plugin>