前面我们主要着重于codec、platform、machine驱动程序中如何使用和建立dapm所需要的widget,route,这些是音频驱动开发人员必须要了解的内容,经过前几章的介绍,我们应该知道如何在alsa音频驱动的3大部分(codec、platform、machine)中,按照所使用的音频硬件结构,定义出相应的widget,kcontrol,以及必要的音频路径,而在本章中,我们将会深入dapm的核心部分,看看各个widget之间是如何建立连接关系,形成一条完整的音频路径。
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前面我们已经简单地介绍过,驱动程序需要使用以下api函数创建widget:
int snd_soc_dapm_new_controls(struct snd_soc_dapm_context *dapm,
const struct snd_soc_dapm_widget *widget,
int num)
{
......
for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
w = snd_soc_dapm_new_control(dapm, widget);
if (!w) {
dev_err(dapm->dev,
"ASoC: Failed to create DAPM control %s\n",
widget->name);
ret = -ENOMEM;
break;
}
widget++;
}
......
return ret;
}
该函数只是简单的一个循环,为传入的widget模板数组依次调用snd_soc_dapm_new_control函数,实际的工作由snd_soc_dapm_new_control完成,继续进入该函数,看看它做了那些工作。
static struct snd_soc_dapm_widget *
snd_soc_dapm_new_control(struct snd_soc_dapm_context *dapm,
const struct snd_soc_dapm_widget *widget)
{
struct snd_soc_dapm_widget *w;
int ret;
if ((w = dapm_cnew_widget(widget)) == NULL)
return NULL;
switch (w->id) {
case snd_soc_dapm_regulator_supply:
w->regulator = devm_regulator_get(dapm->dev, w->name);
......
if (w->on_val & SND_SOC_DAPM_REGULATOR_BYPASS) {
ret = regulator_allow_bypass(w->regulator, true);
......
}
break;
case snd_soc_dapm_clock_supply:
#ifdef CONFIG_CLKDEV_LOOKUP
w->clk = devm_clk_get(dapm->dev, w->name);
......
#else
return NULL;
#endif
break;
default:
break;
}
对于snd_soc_dapm_regulator_supply类型的widget,根据widget的名称获取对应的regulator结构,对于snd_soc_dapm_clock_supply类型的widget,根据widget的名称,获取对应的clock结构。接下来,根据需要,在widget的名称前加入必要的前缀:
if (dapm->codec && dapm->codec->name_prefix)
w->name = kasprintf(GFP_KERNEL, "%s %s",
dapm->codec->name_prefix, widget->name);
else
w->name = kasprintf(GFP_KERNEL, "%s", widget->name);
然后,为不同类型的widget设置合适的power_check电源状态回调函数,widget类型和对应的power_check回调函数设置如下表所示:
widget类型 | power_check回调函数 |
---|---|
mixer类: snd_soc_dapm_switch snd_soc_dapm_mixer snd_soc_dapm_mixer_named_ctl |
dapm_generic_check_power |
mux类: snd_soc_dapm_mux snd_soc_dapm_mux snd_soc_dapm_mux |
dapm_generic_check_power |
snd_soc_dapm_dai_out | dapm_adc_check_power |
snd_soc_dapm_dai_in | dapm_dac_check_power |
端点类: snd_soc_dapm_adc snd_soc_dapm_aif_out snd_soc_dapm_dac snd_soc_dapm_aif_in snd_soc_dapm_pga snd_soc_dapm_out_drv snd_soc_dapm_input snd_soc_dapm_output snd_soc_dapm_micbias snd_soc_dapm_spk snd_soc_dapm_hp snd_soc_dapm_mic snd_soc_dapm_line snd_soc_dapm_dai_link |
dapm_generic_check_power |
电源/时钟/影子widget: snd_soc_dapm_supply snd_soc_dapm_regulator_supply snd_soc_dapm_clock_supply snd_soc_dapm_kcontrol |
dapm_supply_check_power |
其它类型 | dapm_always_on_check_power |
w->dapm = dapm;
w->codec = dapm->codec;
w->platform = dapm->platform;
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&w->sources);
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&w->sinks);
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&w->list);
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&w->dirty);
list_add(&w->list, &dapm->card->widgets);
几个链表的作用如下:
/* machine layer set ups unconnected pins and insertions */
w->connected = 1;
return w;
}
connected字段代表着引脚的连接状态,
目前,
只有以下这些widget使用connected字段:
static int snd_soc_instantiate_card(struct snd_soc_card *card)
{
......
/* card bind complete so register a sound card */
ret = snd_card_create(SNDRV_DEFAULT_IDX1, SNDRV_DEFAULT_STR1,
card->owner, 0, &card->snd_card);
......
card->dapm.bias_level = SND_SOC_BIAS_OFF;
card->dapm.dev = card->dev;
card->dapm.card = card;
list_add(&card->dapm.list, &card->dapm_list);
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_FS
snd_soc_dapm_debugfs_init(&card->dapm, card->debugfs_card_root);
#endif
......
if (card->dapm_widgets) /* 创建machine级别的widget */
snd_soc_dapm_new_controls(&card->dapm, card->dapm_widgets,
card->num_dapm_widgets);
......
snd_soc_dapm_link_dai_widgets(card); /* 连接dai widget */
if (card->controls) /* 建立machine级别的普通kcontrol控件 */
snd_soc_add_card_controls(card, card->controls, card->num_controls);
if (card->dapm_routes) /* 注册machine级别的路径连接信息 */
snd_soc_dapm_add_routes(&card->dapm, card->dapm_routes,
card->num_dapm_routes);
......
if (card->fully_routed) /* 如果该标志被置位,自动把codec中没有路径连接信息的引脚设置为无用widget */
list_for_each_entry(codec, &card->codec_dev_list, card_list)
snd_soc_dapm_auto_nc_codec_pins(codec);
snd_soc_dapm_new_widgets(card); /*初始化widget包含的dapm kcontrol、电源状态和连接状态*/
ret = snd_card_register(card->snd_card);
......
card->instantiated = 1;
snd_soc_dapm_sync(&card->dapm);
......
return 0;
}
正如我添加的注释中所示,在完成machine级别的widget和route处理之后,调用的snd_soc_dapm_new_widgets函数,来为所有已经注册的widget初始化他们所包含的dapm kcontrol,并初始化widget的电源状态和路径连接状态。下面我们看看snd_soc_dapm_new_widgets函数的工作过程。
int snd_soc_dapm_new_widgets(struct snd_soc_card *card)
{
......
list_for_each_entry(w, &card->widgets, list)
{
if (w->new)
continue;
if (w->num_kcontrols) {
w->kcontrols = kzalloc(w->num_kcontrols *
sizeof(struct snd_kcontrol *),
GFP_KERNEL);
......
}
接着,对几种能影响音频路径的widget,创建并初始化它们所包含的dapm kcontrol:
switch(w->id) {
case snd_soc_dapm_switch:
case snd_soc_dapm_mixer:
case snd_soc_dapm_mixer_named_ctl:
dapm_new_mixer(w);
break;
case snd_soc_dapm_mux:
case snd_soc_dapm_virt_mux:
case snd_soc_dapm_value_mux:
dapm_new_mux(w);
break;
case snd_soc_dapm_pga:
case snd_soc_dapm_out_drv:
dapm_new_pga(w);
break;
default:
break;
}
需要用到的创建函数分别是:
/* Read the initial power state from the device */
if (w->reg >= 0) {
val = soc_widget_read(w, w->reg) >> w->shift;
val &= w->mask;
if (val == w->on_val)
w->power = 1;
}
接着,设置new字段,表明该widget已经初始化完成,我们还要吧该widget加入到声卡的dapm_dirty链表中,表明该widget的状态发生了变化,稍后在合适的时刻,dapm框架会扫描dapm_dirty链表,统一处理所有已经变化的widget。为什么要统一处理?因为dapm要控制各种widget的上下电顺序,同时也是为了减少寄存器的读写次数(多个widget可能使用同一个寄存器):
w->new = 1;
dapm_mark_dirty(w, "new widget");
dapm_debugfs_add_widget(w);
}
dapm_power_widgets(card, SND_SOC_DAPM_STREAM_NOP);
......
return 0;
}
static int dapm_new_mixer(struct snd_soc_dapm_widget *w)
{
int i, ret;
struct snd_soc_dapm_path *path;
/* add kcontrol */
(1) for (i = 0; i < w->num_kcontrols; i++) {
/* match name */
(2) list_for_each_entry(path, &w->sources, list_sink) {
/* mixer/mux paths name must match control name */
(3) if (path->name != (char *)w->kcontrol_news[i].name)
continue;
(4) if (w->kcontrols[i]) {
dapm_kcontrol_add_path(w->kcontrols[i], path);
continue;
}
(5) ret = dapm_create_or_share_mixmux_kcontrol(w, i);
if (ret < 0)
return ret;
(6) dapm_kcontrol_add_path(w->kcontrols[i], path);
}
}
return 0;
}
(1) 因为一个mixer是由多个kcontrol组成的,每个kcontrol控制着mixer的一个输入端的开启和关闭,所以,该函数会根据kcontrol的数量做循环,逐个建立对应的kcontrol。
static void dapm_kcontrol_add_path(const struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
struct snd_soc_dapm_path *path)
{
struct dapm_kcontrol_data *data = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
/* 把kcontrol连接的path加入到paths链表中 */
/* paths链表所在的dapm_kcontrol_data结构会保存在kcontrol的private_data字段中 */
list_add_tail(&path->list_kcontrol, &data->paths);
if (data->widget) {
snd_soc_dapm_add_path(data->widget->dapm, data->widget,
path->source, NULL, NULL);
}
}
static int dapm_new_mux(struct snd_soc_dapm_widget *w)
{
struct snd_soc_dapm_context *dapm = w->dapm;
struct snd_soc_dapm_path *path;
int ret;
(1) if (w->num_kcontrols != 1) {
dev_err(dapm->dev,
"ASoC: mux %s has incorrect number of controls\n",
w->name);
return -EINVAL;
}
if (list_empty(&w->sources)) {
dev_err(dapm->dev, "ASoC: mux %s has no paths\n", w->name);
return -EINVAL;
}
(2) ret = dapm_create_or_share_mixmux_kcontrol(w, 0);
if (ret < 0)
return ret;
(3) list_for_each_entry(path, &w->sources, list_sink)
dapm_kcontrol_add_path(w->kcontrols[0], path);
return 0;
}
static int dapm_new_pga(struct snd_soc_dapm_widget *w)
{
if (w->num_kcontrols)
dev_err(w->dapm->dev,
"ASoC: PGA controls not supported: '%s'\n", w->name);
return 0;
}
static int dapm_create_or_share_mixmux_kcontrol(struct snd_soc_dapm_widget *w,
int kci)
{
......
(1) shared = dapm_is_shared_kcontrol(dapm, w, &w->kcontrol_news[kci],
&kcontrol);
(2) if (!kcontrol) {
(3) kcontrol = snd_soc_cnew(&w->kcontrol_news[kci], NULL, name,prefix);
......
kcontrol->private_free = dapm_kcontrol_free;
(4) ret = dapm_kcontrol_data_alloc(w, kcontrol);
......
(5) ret = snd_ctl_add(card, kcontrol);
......
}
(6) ret = dapm_kcontrol_add_widget(kcontrol, w);
......
(7) w->kcontrols[kci] = kcontrol;
return 0;
}
int snd_soc_dapm_add_routes(struct snd_soc_dapm_context *dapm,
const struct snd_soc_dapm_route *route, int num)
{
int i, r, ret = 0;
mutex_lock_nested(&dapm->card->dapm_mutex, SND_SOC_DAPM_CLASS_INIT);
for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
r = snd_soc_dapm_add_route(dapm, route);
......
route++;
}
mutex_unlock(&dapm->card->dapm_mutex);
return ret;
}
该函数只是一个循环,依次对参数传入的数组调用snd_soc_dapm_add_route,主要的工作由snd_soc_dapm_add_route完成。我们进入snd_soc_dapm_add_route函数看看:
static int snd_soc_dapm_add_route(struct snd_soc_dapm_context *dapm,
const struct snd_soc_dapm_route *route)
{
struct snd_soc_dapm_widget *wsource = NULL, *wsink = NULL, *w;
struct snd_soc_dapm_widget *wtsource = NULL, *wtsink = NULL;
const char *sink;
const char *source;
......
list_for_each_entry(w, &dapm->card->widgets, list) {
if (!wsink && !(strcmp(w->name, sink))) {
wtsink = w;
if (w->dapm == dapm)
wsink = w;
continue;
}
if (!wsource && !(strcmp(w->name, source))) {
wtsource = w;
if (w->dapm == dapm)
wsource = w;
}
}
上面的代码我再次省略了关于名称前缀的处理部分。我们可以看到,用widget的名字来比较,遍历声卡的widgets链表,找出源widget和目的widget的指针,这段代码虽然正确,但我总感觉少了一个判断退出循环的条件,如果链表的开头就找到了两个widget,还是要遍历整个链表才结束循环,好浪费时间。
if (!wsink)
wsink = wtsink;
if (!wsource)
wsource = wtsource;
最后,使用来增加一条连接信息:
ret = snd_soc_dapm_add_path(dapm, wsource, wsink, route->control,
route->connected);
......
return 0;
}
snd_soc_dapm_add_path函数是整个调用链条中的关键,我们来分析一下:
static int snd_soc_dapm_add_path(struct snd_soc_dapm_context *dapm,
struct snd_soc_dapm_widget *wsource, struct snd_soc_dapm_widget *wsink,
const char *control,
int (*connected)(struct snd_soc_dapm_widget *source,
struct snd_soc_dapm_widget *sink))
{
struct snd_soc_dapm_path *path;
int ret;
path = kzalloc(sizeof(struct snd_soc_dapm_path), GFP_KERNEL);
if (!path)
return -ENOMEM;
path->source = wsource;
path->sink = wsink;
path->connected = connected;
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&path->list);
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&path->list_kcontrol);
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&path->list_source);
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&path->list_sink);
函数的一开始,首先为这个连接分配了一个snd_soc_path结构,path的source和sink字段分别指向源widget和目的widget,connected字段保存connected回调函数,初始化几个snd_soc_path结构中的几个链表。
/* check for external widgets */
if (wsink->id == snd_soc_dapm_input) {
if (wsource->id == snd_soc_dapm_micbias ||
wsource->id == snd_soc_dapm_mic ||
wsource->id == snd_soc_dapm_line ||
wsource->id == snd_soc_dapm_output)
wsink->ext = 1;
}
if (wsource->id == snd_soc_dapm_output) {
if (wsink->id == snd_soc_dapm_spk ||
wsink->id == snd_soc_dapm_hp ||
wsink->id == snd_soc_dapm_line ||
wsink->id == snd_soc_dapm_input)
wsource->ext = 1;
}
这段代码用于判断是否有外部连接关系,如果有,置位widget的ext字段。判断方法从代码中可以方便地看出:
dapm_mark_dirty(wsource, "Route added");
dapm_mark_dirty(wsink, "Route added");
/* connect static paths */
if (control == NULL) {
list_add(&path->list, &dapm->card->paths);
list_add(&path->list_sink, &wsink->sources);
list_add(&path->list_source, &wsource->sinks);
path->connect = 1;
return 0;
}
因为增加了连结关系,所以把源widget和目的widget加入到dapm_dirty链表中。如果没有kcontrol来控制该连接关系,则这是一个静态连接,直接用path把它们连接在一起。在接着往下看:
/* connect dynamic paths */
switch (wsink->id) {
case snd_soc_dapm_adc:
case snd_soc_dapm_dac:
case snd_soc_dapm_pga:
case snd_soc_dapm_out_drv:
case snd_soc_dapm_input:
case snd_soc_dapm_output:
case snd_soc_dapm_siggen:
case snd_soc_dapm_micbias:
case snd_soc_dapm_vmid:
case snd_soc_dapm_pre:
case snd_soc_dapm_post:
case snd_soc_dapm_supply:
case snd_soc_dapm_regulator_supply:
case snd_soc_dapm_clock_supply:
case snd_soc_dapm_aif_in:
case snd_soc_dapm_aif_out:
case snd_soc_dapm_dai_in:
case snd_soc_dapm_dai_out:
case snd_soc_dapm_dai_link:
case snd_soc_dapm_kcontrol:
list_add(&path->list, &dapm->card->paths);
list_add(&path->list_sink, &wsink->sources);
list_add(&path->list_source, &wsource->sinks);
path->connect = 1;
return 0;
按照目的widget来判断,如果属于以上这些类型,直接把它们连接在一起即可,这段感觉有点多余,因为通常以上这些类型的widget本来也没有kcontrol,直接用上一段代码就可以了,也许是dapm的作者们想着以后可能会有所扩展吧。
case snd_soc_dapm_mux:
case snd_soc_dapm_virt_mux:
case snd_soc_dapm_value_mux:
ret = dapm_connect_mux(dapm, wsource, wsink, path, control,
&wsink->kcontrol_news[0]);
if (ret != 0)
goto err;
break;
case snd_soc_dapm_switch:
case snd_soc_dapm_mixer:
case snd_soc_dapm_mixer_named_ctl:
ret = dapm_connect_mixer(dapm, wsource, wsink, path, control);
if (ret != 0)
goto err;
break;
目的widget如果是mixer和mux类型,分别用dapm_connect_mixer和dapm_connect_mux函数完成连接工作,这两个函数我们后面再讲。
case snd_soc_dapm_hp:
case snd_soc_dapm_mic:
case snd_soc_dapm_line:
case snd_soc_dapm_spk:
list_add(&path->list, &dapm->card->paths);
list_add(&path->list_sink, &wsink->sources);
list_add(&path->list_source, &wsource->sinks);
path->connect = 0;
return 0;
}
return 0;
err:
kfree(path);
return ret;
}
hp、mic、line和spk这几种widget属于外部器件,也只是简单地连接在一起,不过connect字段默认为是未连接状态。
static int dapm_connect_mixer(struct snd_soc_dapm_context *dapm,
struct snd_soc_dapm_widget *src, struct snd_soc_dapm_widget *dest,
struct snd_soc_dapm_path *path, const char *control_name)
{
int i;
/* search for mixer kcontrol */
for (i = 0; i < dest->num_kcontrols; i++) {
if (!strcmp(control_name, dest->kcontrol_news[i].name)) {
list_add(&path->list, &dapm->card->paths);
list_add(&path->list_sink, &dest->sources);
list_add(&path->list_source, &src->sinks);
path->name = dest->kcontrol_news[i].name;
dapm_set_path_status(dest, path, i);
return 0;
}
}
return -ENODEV;
}
用需要用来连接的kcontrol的名字,和目的widget中的kcontrol模板数组中的名字相比较,找出该kcontrol在widget中的编号,path的名字设置为该kcontrol的名字,然后用dapm_set_path_status函数来初始化该输入端的连接状态。连接两个widget的链表操作和其他widget是一样的。
static int dapm_connect_mux(struct snd_soc_dapm_context *dapm,
struct snd_soc_dapm_widget *src, struct snd_soc_dapm_widget *dest,
struct snd_soc_dapm_path *path, const char *control_name,
const struct snd_kcontrol_new *kcontrol)
{
struct soc_enum *e = (struct soc_enum *)kcontrol->private_value;
int i;
for (i = 0; i < e->max; i++) {
if (!(strcmp(control_name, e->texts[i]))) {
list_add(&path->list, &dapm->card->paths);
list_add(&path->list_sink, &dest->sources);
list_add(&path->list_source, &src->sinks);
path->name = (char*)e->texts[i];
dapm_set_path_status(dest, path, 0);
return 0;
}
}
return -ENODEV;
}
和mixer类型一样用名字进行匹配,只不过mux类型的kcontrol只需一个,所以要通过private_value字段所指向的soc_enum结构找出匹配的输入脚编号,最后也是通过dapm_set_path_status函数来初始化该输入端的连接状态,因为只有一个kcontrol,所以第三个参数是0。连接两个widget的链表操作和其他widget也是一样的。