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重新过一遍ASP.NET 2.0(C#)(5) - Localization(本地化,多语言)
介绍
声明性资源表达式可使您的应用程序使用多种语言,而不必手动编写代码来检索资源并在页中进行替换。您只需使用 ASP.NET 2.0 中新提供的表达式语法即可对资源替换进行定义。ASP.NET 2.0 支持标准的 resx 文件格式自动进行运行时资源检索。
关键
1、Culture - 决定各种数据类型是如何组织,如数字与日期;UICulture - 决定了采用哪一种本地化资源,也就是使用哪种语言。在页的@Page指令中或者配置文件的<system.web><globalization>元素中设置(另外该元素内还可以设置属性requestEncoding,responseEncoding,fileEncoding)。Culture="en-us"和Culture="auto:en-us"的区别在于,后者会先自动匹配,无法自动匹配则用en-us
2、HTTP 允许浏览器使用“接受语言”(Accept-Language) HTTP 请求标头字段将一个首选语言列表发送到 Web 服务器。在IE中选择工具 - Internet 选项 - 语言
3、web.sitemap应用本地化的时候设置<siteMap>的属性enableLocalization="true"。访问全局资源:$Resources: 全局资源名, 资源内的key, 默认值;或者resourceKey="web.sitemap.resx文件中的key"
4、编程方式处理用GetGlobalResourceObject() 和 GetLocalResourceObject()
5、编程设置Culture 和 UICulture请重写InitializeCulture(),对 Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture 和 Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentUICulture进行设置
6、访问全局资源:$ Resources:全局资源名,资源内的key;显式访问本地资源:$ Resources:key.属性;隐式访问本地资源:meta:resourcekey="key"。
示例
本地化测试
Localization/Test.aspx
<%
@ Page Language="C#" MasterPageFile="~/Site.master" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="Test.aspx.cs"
Inherits="Localization_Test" Title="本地化测试" Culture="en-us" UICulture="en-us"
meta:resourcekey="Title"
%>
<
asp:Content
ID
="Content1"
ContentPlaceHolderID
="ContentPlaceHolder1"
runat
="Server"
>
<
p
>
目前语言:
<
asp:Label
ID
="lblCurrentCulture"
runat
="Server"
/>
</
p
>
<
p
>
当前时间:
<%
=
DateTime.Now
%>
</
p
>
<
p
>
隐式:
<
asp:Label
ID
="lbl"
runat
="server"
meta:resourcekey
="lbl"
/></
p
>
<
p
>
显式:
<
asp:Label
ID
="lbl2"
runat
="server"
Text
="<%$ Resources:lbl.Text %>"
ToolTip
="<%$ Resources:lbl.ToolTip %>"
/>
</
p
>
<
p
>
全局:
<
asp:Label
ID
="lbl3"
runat
="Server"
Text
="<%$ Resources:MyGlobal,GlobalText %>"
/>
</
p
>
<
p
>
编码方式(全局资源):
<
asp:Label
ID
="lbl4"
runat
="server"
/>
</
p
>
<
p
>
编码方式(本地资源):
<
asp:Label
ID
="lbl5"
runat
="server"
/>
</
p
>
<
p
>
Localize控件方式(Label控件到客户端会解析成
<
span
>
,而Localize到客户端后就是解析成其所包含的文字):
<
asp:Localize
ID
="AboutUs"
runat
="server"
meta:resourcekey
="AboutUs"
></
asp:Localize
>
</
p
>
<
p
>
<
a
href
="?currentculture=zh-cn"
>
中文
</
a
>
<
a
href
="?currentculture=en-us"
>
英文
</
a
>
</
p
>
<
p
>
注:
<
br
/>
Culture - 决定各种数据类型是如何组织,如数字与日期
<
br
/>
UICulture - 决定了采用哪一种本地化资源,也就是使用哪种语言
</
p
>
</
asp:Content
>
Localization/Test.aspx.cs
using
System;
using
System.Data;
using
System.Configuration;
using
System.Collections;
using
System.Web;
using
System.Web.Security;
using
System.Web.UI;
using
System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using
System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
using
System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
public
partial
class
Localization_Test : System.Web.UI.Page
{
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
// 以下一看就懂
lbl4.Text = Resources.MyGlobal.GlobalText;
// lbl4.Text = (string)GetGlobalResourceObject("MyGlobal", "GlobalText");
lbl5.Text = (string)GetLocalResourceObject("lbl.Text");
lblCurrentCulture.Text = System.Globalization.CultureInfo.CurrentCulture.Name;
}
protected override void InitializeCulture()
{
// 获取当前Culture的值
string s = Request.QueryString["currentculture"];
if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(s))
{
System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentUICulture = new System.Globalization.CultureInfo(s);
System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = System.Globalization.CultureInfo.CreateSpecificCulture(s);
}
}
}
从资源文件读图片
Localization/Image.aspx.cs
using
System;
using
System.Data;
using
System.Configuration;
using
System.Collections;
using
System.Web;
using
System.Web.Security;
using
System.Web.UI;
using
System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using
System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
using
System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
public
partial
class
Localization_Image : System.Web.UI.Page
{
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
// 一看就懂
System.Drawing.Bitmap img = (System.Drawing.Bitmap)GetGlobalResourceObject(
"MyGlobal",
System.Globalization.CultureInfo.CurrentCulture.Name.ToLower().Replace("-", "_")
);
System.IO.MemoryStream ms = new System.IO.MemoryStream();
img.Save(ms, System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageFormat.Jpeg);
Response.ClearContent();
Response.ContentType = "image/jpeg";
Response.BinaryWrite(ms.ToArray());
img.Dispose();
ms.Dispose();
ms.Flush();
}
}
Web.sitemap本地化摘要
<?
xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"
?>
<
siteMap
xmlns
="http://schemas.microsoft.com/AspNet/SiteMap-File-1.0"
enableLocalization
="true"
>
<
siteMapNode
url
=""
title
=""
description
=""
>
<
siteMapNode
url
="~/Default.aspx"
title
=" $Resources: MyGlobal, home, 默认值"
description
="首页"
/>
<
siteMapNode
url
=""
resourceKey
="Localization"
/>
</
siteMapNode
>
</
siteMap
>
资源文件的内容见源码
OK
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