使用Spring Boot集成邮件发送

#引入依赖

在Spring Boot中发送邮件,需要用到spring-boot-starter-mail,引入spring-boot-starter-mail:

    org.springframework.boot

    spring-boot-starter-mail

#邮件配置

在application.yml中进行简单的配置(使用网易163邮箱):

server:

  port: 80

spring:

  mail:

    host: smtp.163.com

    username: 账号

    password: 第三方授权登录密码

    properties:

      mail:

        smtp:

          auth: true

          starttls:

            enable: true

            required: true

#发送简单的邮件

编写EmailController,注入JavaMailSender:

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;

import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;

import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController

@RequestMapping("/email")

public class EmailController {

    @Autowired

    private JavaMailSender jms;


    @Value("${spring.mail.username}")

    private String from;


    @RequestMapping("sendSimpleEmail")

    public String sendSimpleEmail() {

        try {

            SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage();

            message.setFrom(from);

            message.setTo("[email protected]"); // 接收地址

            message.setSubject("普通邮件"); // 标题

            message.setText("普通邮件内容。"); // 内容

            jms.send(message);

            return "success";

        } catch (Exception e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

            return e.getMessage();

        }

    }

}

测试访问http://localhost/email/sendSimpleEmail

#发送HTML格式的邮件

EmailController,SimpleMailMessage替换为MimeMessage:

import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;

import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;

import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;

import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController

@RequestMapping("/email")

public class EmailController {

    @Autowired

    private JavaMailSender jms;


    @Value("${spring.mail.username}")

    private String from;


    @RequestMapping("sendHtmlEmail")

    public String sendHtmlEmail() {

        MimeMessage message = null;

        try {

            message = jms.createMimeMessage();

            MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);

            helper.setFrom(from);

            helper.setTo("[email protected]"); // 接收地址

            helper.setSubject("HTML格式的邮件"); // 标题

            // 带HTML格式的内容

            StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer("

HTML格式邮件的内容。

");

            helper.setText(sb.toString(), true);

            jms.send(message);

            return "success";

        } catch (Exception e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

            return e.getMessage();

        }

    }

}

helper.setText(sb.toString(), true);中的true表示发送HTML格式邮件。启动项目,测试访问http://localhost/email/sendHtmlEmail,提示"success",可看到文本已经加上了颜色#6db33f:

#发送带附件的邮件

发送带附件的邮件和普通邮件相比,其实就只是多了个传入附件的过程。不过使用的仍是MimeMessage:

package com.springboot.demo.controller;

import java.io.File;

import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;

import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource;

import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;

import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;

import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController

@RequestMapping("/email")

public class EmailController {

    @Autowired

    private JavaMailSender jms;


    @Value("${spring.mail.username}")

    private String from;

    @RequestMapping("sendAttachmentsMail")

    public String sendAttachmentsMail() {

        MimeMessage message = null;

        try {

            message = jms.createMimeMessage();

            MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);

            helper.setFrom(from);

            helper.setTo("[email protected]"); // 接收地址

            helper.setSubject("带附件的邮件"); // 标题

            helper.setText("详情参见附件内容!"); // 内容

            // 传入附件

            FileSystemResource file = new FileSystemResource(new File("src/main/resources/static/file/测试.docx"));

            helper.addAttachment("测试.docx", file);

            jms.send(message);

            return "success";

        } catch (Exception e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

            return e.getMessage();

        }

    }

}

测试访问http://localhost/email/sendAttachmentsMail,提示“success”:

#发送带静态资源的邮件

发送带静态资源的邮件其实就是在发送HTML邮件的基础上嵌入静态资源(比如图片),嵌入静态资源的过程和传入附件类似,唯一的区别在于需要标识资源的cid:

package com.springboot.demo.controller;

import java.io.File;

import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;

import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource;

import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;

import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;

import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController

@RequestMapping("/email")

public class EmailController {

    @Autowired

    private JavaMailSender jms;


    @Value("${spring.mail.username}")

    private String from;

    @RequestMapping("sendInlineMail")

    public String sendInlineMail() {

        MimeMessage message = null;

        try {

            message = jms.createMimeMessage();

            MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);

            helper.setFrom(from);

            helper.setTo("[email protected]"); // 接收地址

            helper.setSubject("带静态资源的邮件"); // 标题

            helper.setText("图片:", true); // 内容

            // 传入附件

            FileSystemResource file = new FileSystemResource(new File("src/main/resources/static/img/mv.png"));

            helper.addInline("img", file);

            jms.send(message);

            return "success";

        } catch (Exception e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

            return e.getMessage();

        }

    }

}

helper.addInline("img", file);中的img和图片标签里cid后的名称相对应。启动项目访问http://localhost/email/sendInlineMail,提示"success":

#使用模板发送邮件

在发送验证码等情况下可以创建一个邮件的模板,唯一的变量为验证码。这个例子中使用的模板解析引擎为Thymeleaf,所以首先引入Thymeleaf依赖:

    org.springframework.boot

    spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf

在template目录下创建一个emailTemplate.html模板:

   

    验证码

    您好,您的验证码为{code},五分钟内有效。

发送模板邮件,本质上还是发送HTML邮件,只不过多了绑定变量的过程:

ackage com.springboot.demo.controller;

import java.io.File;

import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;

import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource;

import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;

import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;

import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import org.thymeleaf.TemplateEngine;

import org.thymeleaf.context.Context;

@RestController

@RequestMapping("/email")

public class EmailController {

    @Autowired

    private JavaMailSender jms;


    @Value("${spring.mail.username}")

    private String from;


    @Autowired

    private TemplateEngine templateEngine;

    @RequestMapping("sendTemplateEmail")

    public String sendTemplateEmail(String code) {

        MimeMessage message = null;

        try {

            message = jms.createMimeMessage();

            MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);

            helper.setFrom(from);

            helper.setTo("[email protected]"); // 接收地址

            helper.setSubject("邮件摸板测试"); // 标题

            // 处理邮件模板

            Context context = new Context();

            context.setVariable("code", code);

            String template = templateEngine.process("emailTemplate", context);

            helper.setText(template, true);

            jms.send(message);

            return "success";

        } catch (Exception e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

            return e.getMessage();

        }

    }

}

其中code对应模板里的${code}变量。启动项目,访问http://localhost/email/sendTemplateEmail?code=QW58,提示"success":


原文参考:https://mrbird.cc/Spring-Boot-Email.html

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