这个脚本目前只能刷一趟车的,人数可以是多个,支持选取作为类型等。实现思路是splinter.browser模拟浏览器登陆和操作,由于12306的验证码不好自动识别,所以,验证码需要用户进行手动识别,并进行登陆操作,之后的事情,就交由脚本来操作就可以了,下面是我测试时候的一些截图:
第一步:如下图,首先输入抢票基本信息
第二步:然后进入登录页,需要手动输入验证码,并点击登陆操作
第三步:登陆后,自动进入到抢票页面,如下图这样的
最后:就是坐等刷票结果就好了,如下图这样,就说是刷票成功了,刷到票后,会进行短信和邮件的通知,请记得及时前往12306进行支付,不然就白抢了。
Python运行环境:python3.6用到的模块:re、splinter、time、sys、httplib2、urllib、smtplib、email未安装的模块,请使用pip instatll进行安装,例如:pip install splinter如下代码是这个脚本所有用到的模块引入:
import refrom splinter.browser import Browserfrom time import sleepimport sysimport httplib2from urllib import parseimport smtplibfrom email.mime.text import MIMEText复制代码
刷票前信息准备,我主要说一下始发站和目的地的cookie值获取,因为输入城市的时候,需要通过cookie值,cookie值可以通过12306官网,然后在F12(相信所有的coder都知道这个吧)的network里面的查询请求cookie中可以看到,在请求的header里面可以找到,_jc_save_fromStation值是出发站的cookie,_jc_save_toStation的值是目的地的cookie,然后加入到代码里的城市的cookie字典city_list里即可,键是城市的首字母,值是cookie值的形式。
抢票,肯定需要先登录,我这里模拟的登录操作,会自动填充12306的账号名和密码,当然,你也可以在打开的浏览器中修改账号和密码,实现的关键代码如下:
def do_login(self): """登录功能实现,手动识别验证码进行登录""" self.driver.visit(self.login_url) sleep(1) self.driver.fill('loginUserDTO.user_name', self.user_name) self.driver.fill('userDTO.password', self.password) print('请输入验证码……') while True: if self.driver.url != self.init_my_url: sleep(1) else: break复制代码
登录之后,就是控制刷票的各种操作处理了,这里,我就不贴代码了,因为代码比较多,别担心,在最后,我会贴出完整的代码的。
当刷票成功后,我会进行短信和邮件的双重通知,当然,这里短信通知的平台,就看你用那个具体来修改代码了,我用的是互亿无线的体验版的免费短信通知接口;发送邮件模块我用的是smtplib,发送邮件服务器用的是163邮箱,如果用163邮箱的话,你还没有设置客户端授权密码,记得先设置客户端授权密码就好了,挺方便的。以下是主要实现代码:
def send_sms(self, mobile, sms_info): """发送手机通知短信,用的是-互亿无线-的测试短信""" host = "106.ihuyi.com" sms_send_uri = "/webservice/sms.php?method=Submit" account = "C59782899" pass_word = "19d4d9c0796532c7328e8b82e2812655" params = parse.urlencode( {'account': account, 'password': pass_word, 'content': sms_info, 'mobile': mobile, 'format': 'json'} ) headers = {"Content-type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded", "Accept": "text/plain"} conn = httplib2.HTTPConnectionWithTimeout(host, port=80, timeout=30) conn.request("POST", sms_send_uri, params, headers) response = conn.getresponse() response_str = response.read() conn.close() return response_strdef send_mail(self, receiver_address, content): """发送邮件通知""" # 连接邮箱服务器信息 host = 'smtp.163.com' port = 25 sender = '[email protected]' # 你的发件邮箱号码 pwd = '******' # 不是登陆密码,是客户端授权密码 # 发件信息 receiver = receiver_address body = '
温馨提醒:
' + content + '
' msg = MIMEText(body, 'html', _charset="utf-8") msg['subject'] = '抢票成功通知!' msg['from'] = sender msg['to'] = receiver s = smtplib.SMTP(host, port) # 开始登陆邮箱,并发送邮件 s.login(sender, pwd) s.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string())复制代码
说了那么多,感觉都是说了好多废话啊,哈哈,不好意思,耽误大家时间来看我瞎扯了,我贴上大家最关心的源码,请接码,大家在尝试运行过程中,有任何问题,可以给我留言或者私信我,我看到都会及时回复大家的:
#!/usr/bin/env python# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-"""通过splinter刷12306火车票可以自动填充账号密码,同时,在登录时,也可以修改账号密码然后手动识别验证码,并登陆,接下来的事情,交由脚本来做了,静静的等待抢票结果就好(刷票过程中,浏览器不可关闭)author: cuizytime: 2018-05-30"""import refrom splinter.browser import Browserfrom time import sleepimport sysimport httplib2from urllib import parseimport smtplibfrom email.mime.text import MIMETextclass BrushTicket(object): """买票类及实现方法""" def __init__(self, user_name, password, passengers, from_time, from_station, to_station, number, seat_type, receiver_mobile, receiver_email): """定义实例属性,初始化""" # 1206账号密码 self.user_name = user_name self.password = password # 乘客姓名 self.passengers = passengers # 起始站和终点站 self.from_station = from_station self.to_station = to_station # 乘车日期 self.from_time = from_time # 车次编号 self.number = number.capitalize() # 座位类型所在td位置 if seat_type == '商务座特等座': seat_type_index = 1 seat_type_value = 9 elif seat_type == '一等座': seat_type_index = 2 seat_type_value = 'M' elif seat_type == '二等座': seat_type_index = 3 seat_type_value = 0 elif seat_type == '高级软卧': seat_type_index = 4 seat_type_value = 6 elif seat_type == '软卧': seat_type_index = 5 seat_type_value = 4 elif seat_type == '动卧': seat_type_index = 6 seat_type_value = 'F' elif seat_type == '硬卧': seat_type_index = 7 seat_type_value = 3 elif seat_type == '软座': seat_type_index = 8 seat_type_value = 2 elif seat_type == '硬座': seat_type_index = 9 seat_type_value = 1 elif seat_type == '无座': seat_type_index = 10 seat_type_value = 1 elif seat_type == '其他': seat_type_index = 11 seat_type_value = 1 else: seat_type_index = 7 seat_type_value = 3 self.seat_type_index = seat_type_index self.seat_type_value = seat_type_value # 通知信息 self.receiver_mobile = receiver_mobile self.receiver_email = receiver_email # 主要页面网址 self.login_url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/login/init' self.init_my_url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/index/initMy12306' self.ticket_url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/init' # 浏览器驱动信息,驱动下载页:https://sites.google.com/a/chromium.org/chromedriver/downloads self.driver_name = 'chrome' self.executable_path = 'C:甥敳獲cuizyAppDataLocalProgramsPythonPython36Scriptschromedriver.exe' def do_login(self): """登录功能实现,手动识别验证码进行登录""" self.driver.visit(self.login_url) sleep(1) self.driver.fill('loginUserDTO.user_name', self.user_name) self.driver.fill('userDTO.password', self.password) print('请输入验证码……') while True: if self.driver.url != self.init_my_url: sleep(1) else: break def start_brush(self): """买票功能实现""" self.driver = Browser(driver_name=self.driver_name, executable_path=self.executable_path) # 浏览器窗口的大小 self.driver.driver.set_window_size(900, 700) self.do_login() self.driver.visit(self.ticket_url) try: print('开始刷票……') # 加载车票查询信息 self.driver.cookies.add({"_jc_save_fromStation": self.from_station}) self.driver.cookies.add({"_jc_save_toStation": self.to_station}) self.driver.cookies.add({"_jc_save_fromDate": self.from_time}) self.driver.reload() count = 0 while self.driver.url.split('?')[0] == self.ticket_url: self.driver.find_by_text('查询').click() sleep(1) count += 1 print('第%d次点击查询……' % count) try: car_no_location = self.driver.find_by_id("queryLeftTable")[0].find_by_text(self.number)[1] current_tr = car_no_location.find_by_xpath("./../../../../..") if current_tr.find_by_tag('td')[self.seat_type_index].text == '--': print('无此座位类型出售,已结束当前刷票,请重新开启!') sys.exit(1) elif current_tr.find_by_tag('td')[self.seat_type_index].text == '无': print('无票,继续尝试……') else: # 有票,尝试预订 print('刷到票了(余票数:' + str(current_tr.find_by_tag('td')[self.seat_type_index].text) + '),开始尝试预订……') current_tr.find_by_css('td.no-br>a')[0].click() sleep(1) key_value = 1 for p in self.passengers: # 选择用户 print('开始选择用户……') self.driver.find_by_text(p).last.click() # 选择座位类型 print('开始选择席别……') if self.seat_type_value != 0: seat_select = self.driver.find_by_id("seatType_" + str(key_value))[0] seat_select.find_by_xpath("//option[@value='" + str(self.seat_type_value) + "']")[0].click() key_value += 1 sleep(0.5) if p[-1] == ')': self.driver.find_by_id('dialog_xsertcj_ok').click() print('正在提交订单……') self.driver.find_by_id('submitOrder_id').click() sleep(2) # 查看放回结果是否正常 submit_false_info = self.driver.find_by_id('orderResultInfo_id')[0].text if submit_false_info != '': print(submit_false_info) self.driver.find_by_id('qr_closeTranforDialog_id').click() sleep(0.2) self.driver.find_by_id('preStep_id').click() sleep(0.3) continue print('正在确认订单……') self.driver.find_by_id('qr_submit_id').click() print('预订成功,请及时前往支付……') # 发送通知信息 self.send_mail(self.receiver_email, '恭喜您,抢到票了,请及时前往12306支付订单!') self.send_sms(self.receiver_mobile, '您的验证码是:8888。请不要把验证码泄露给其他人。') except Exception as error_info: print(error_info) except Exception as error_info: print(error_info) def send_sms(self, mobile, sms_info): """发送手机通知短信,用的是-互亿无线-的测试短信""" host = "106.ihuyi.com" sms_send_uri = "/webservice/sms.php?method=Submit" account = "C59782899" pass_word = "19d4d9c0796532c7328e8b82e2812655" params = parse.urlencode( {'account': account, 'password': pass_word, 'content': sms_info, 'mobile': mobile, 'format': 'json'} ) headers = {"Content-type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded", "Accept": "text/plain"} conn = httplib2.HTTPConnectionWithTimeout(host, port=80, timeout=30) conn.request("POST", sms_send_uri, params, headers) response = conn.getresponse() response_str = response.read() conn.close() return response_str def send_mail(self, receiver_address, content): """发送邮件通知""" # 连接邮箱服务器信息 host = 'smtp.163.com' port = 25 sender = '******@163.com' # 你的发件邮箱号码 pwd = '******' # 不是登陆密码,是客户端授权密码 # 发件信息 receiver = receiver_address body = '
温馨提醒:
' + content + '
' msg = MIMEText(body, 'html', _charset="utf-8") msg['subject'] = '抢票成功通知!' msg['from'] = sender msg['to'] = receiver s = smtplib.SMTP(host, port) # 开始登陆邮箱,并发送邮件 s.login(sender, pwd) s.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string())if __name__ == '__main__': # 12306用户名 user_name = input('请输入12306用户名:') while user_name == '': user_name = input('12306用户名不能为空,请重新输入:') # 12306登陆密码 password = input('请输入12306登陆密码:') while password == '': password = input('12306登陆密码不能为空,请重新输入:') # 乘客姓名 passengers_input = input('请输入乘车人姓名,多人用英文逗号“,”连接,(例如单人“张三”或者多人“张三,李四”):') passengers = passengers_input.split(",") while passengers_input == '' or len(passengers) > 4: print('乘车人最少1位,最多4位!') passengers_input = input('请重新输入乘车人姓名,多人用英文逗号“,”连接,(例如单人“张三”或者多人“张三,李四”):') passengers = passengers_input.split(",") # 乘车日期 from_time = input('请输入乘车日期(例如“2018-08-08”):') date_pattern = re.compile(r'^d{4}-d{2}-d{2}$') while from_time == '' or re.findall(date_pattern, from_time) == []: from_time = input('乘车日期不能为空或者时间格式不正确,请重新输入:') # 城市cookie字典 city_list = { 'bj': '%u5317%u4EAC%2CBJP', # 北京 'hd': '%u5929%u6D25%2CTJP', # 邯郸 'nn': '%u5357%u5B81%2CNNZ', # 南宁 'wh': '%u6B66%u6C49%2CWHN', # 武汉 'cs': '%u957F%u6C99%2CCSQ', # 长沙 'ty': '%u592A%u539F%2CTYV', # 太原 'yc': '%u8FD0%u57CE%2CYNV', # 运城 'gzn': '%u5E7F%u5DDE%u5357%2CIZQ', # 广州南 'wzn': '%u68A7%u5DDE%u5357%2CWBZ', # 梧州南 } # 出发站 from_input = input('请输入出发站,只需要输入首字母就行(例如北京“bj”):') while from_input not in city_list.keys(): from_input = input('出发站不能为空或不支持当前出发站(如有需要,请联系管理员!),请重新输入:') from_station = city_list[from_input] # 终点站 to_input = input('请输入终点站,只需要输入首字母就行(例如北京“bj”):') while to_input not in city_list.keys(): to_input = input('终点站不能为空或不支持当前终点站(如有需要,请联系管理员!),请重新输入:') to_station = city_list[to_input] # 车次编号 number = input('请输入车次号(例如“G110”):') while number == '': number = input('车次号不能为空,请重新输入:') # 座位类型 seat_type = input('请输入座位类型(例如“软卧”):') while seat_type == '': seat_type = input('座位类型不能为空,请重新输入:') # 抢票成功,通知该手机号码 receiver_mobile = input('请预留一个手机号码,方便抢到票后进行通知(例如:18888888888):') mobile_pattern = re.compile(r'^1{1}d{10}$') while receiver_mobile == '' or re.findall(mobile_pattern, receiver_mobile) == []: receiver_mobile = input('预留手机号码不能为空或者格式不正确,请重新输入:') receiver_email = input('请预留一个邮箱,方便抢到票后进行通知(例如:[email protected]):') while receiver_email == '': receiver_email = input('预留邮箱不能为空,请重新输入:') # 开始抢票 ticket = BrushTicket(user_name, password, passengers, from_time, from_station, to_station, number, seat_type, receiver_mobile, receiver_email) ticket.start_brush()
文章到此结束喽,喜欢的给小编点点关注奥,多多转发收藏,感谢大家!