ASP.NET MVC单元测试Controller时添加上下文的方式

在ASP.NET MVC中测试Controller时，常常需要在Controller中访问上下文，比方说查询字符串或者form中的内容，而我们测试的时候一般不是在web运行环境下的，所以我们需要做些工作去模拟上下文。

Controller中代码如下

  
    

   
     
   
     public
   
      ActionResult Index()
 {
 ViewData[
   
     "
   
     Message
   
     "
   
     ] 
   
     =
   
      Request.QueryString[
   
     "
   
     lfm
   
     "
   
     ];

 
   
     return
   
      View();
 }
  
    

测试写法如下：

代码

   
     

    
      
    
      [TestMethod]
 
    
      public
    
       
    
      void
    
       Index()
 {
 HomeController controller 
    
      =
    
       
    
      new
    
       HomeController();
 
 var httpContext 
    
      =
    
       
    
      new
    
       Mock
    
      <
    
      HttpContextBase
    
      >
    
      ();
 var request
    
      =
    
      new
    
       Mock
    
      <
    
      HttpRequestBase
    
      >
    
      ();
 NameValueCollection queryString 
    
      =
    
       
    
      new
    
       NameValueCollection();
 queryString.Add(
    
      "
    
      lfm
    
      "
    
      , 
    
      "
    
      lfm
    
      "
    
      );
 request.Setup(r 
    
      =>
    
       r.QueryString).Returns(queryString);
 httpContext.Setup(ht 
    
      =>
    
       ht.Request).Returns(request.Object);

 ControllerContext controllerContext 
    
      =
    
       
    
      new
    
       ControllerContext();
 controllerContext.HttpContext 
    
      =
    
       httpContext.Object;
 controller.ControllerContext 
    
      =
    
       controllerContext;

 ViewResult result 
    
      =
    
       controller.Index() 
    
      as
    
       ViewResult;

 ViewDataDictionary viewData 
    
      =
    
       result.ViewData;
 Assert.AreEqual(
    
      "
    
      lfm
    
      "
    
      , viewData[
    
      "
    
      Message
    
      "
    
      ]);
 }
   
     

这里用到了Mock可以参考：

MoQ(基于.net3.5,c#3.0的mock框架)简单介绍

如果是form稍作修改即可：

  
    

   
     
   
      
   
     public
   
      ActionResult About()
 {
 ViewData[
   
     "
   
     Message
   
     "
   
     ] 
   
     =
   
      Request.Form[
   
     "
   
     lfm
   
     "
   
     ];
 
   
     return
   
      View();
 }
  
    

测试代码：

代码

   
     

    
      
    
      [TestMethod]
 
    
      public
    
       
    
      void
    
       About()
 {
 
    
      //
    
       Arrange
    
      

    
       HomeController controller 
    
      =
    
       
    
      new
    
       HomeController();
 var httpContext 
    
      =
    
       
    
      new
    
       Mock
    
      <
    
      HttpContextBase
    
      >
    
      ();
 var request 
    
      =
    
       
    
      new
    
       Mock
    
      <
    
      HttpRequestBase
    
      >
    
      ();
 NameValueCollection queryString 
    
      =
    
       
    
      new
    
       NameValueCollection();
 queryString.Add(
    
      "
    
      lfm
    
      "
    
      , 
    
      "
    
      lfm
    
      "
    
      );
 request.Setup(r 
    
      =>
    
       r.Form).Returns(queryString);
 httpContext.Setup(ht 
    
      =>
    
       ht.Request).Returns(request.Object);

 ControllerContext controllerContext 
    
      =
    
       
    
      new
    
       ControllerContext();
 controllerContext.HttpContext 
    
      =
    
       httpContext.Object;
 controller.ControllerContext 
    
      =
    
       controllerContext;
 
    
      //
    
       Act
    
      

    
       ViewResult result 
    
      =
    
       controller.About() 
    
      as
    
       ViewResult;

 
    
      //
    
       Assert
    
      

    
       ViewDataDictionary viewData 
    
      =
    
       result.ViewData;
 Assert.AreEqual(
    
      "
    
      lfm
    
      "
    
      , viewData[
    
      "
    
      Message
    
      "
    
      ]);
 }