sqlserver 同步数据库表结构（python实现，适用于同步表中有不一样的字段的）

第二种：
还是直接上代码

# _*_ coding: utf-8 _*_
# @Time : 2020/12/29 13:35 
# @Author : lizm
# @File : testdk.py
import decimal
import logging
import pymssql

"""适合两个数据库都有相同表，字段不相同时"""


def sync_db_structure(sou_conn, tar_conn):
    """
    同步数据库表结构
    :param source: 源数据库
    :param target: 目标数据库
    :param database: 要同步的库
    :return:
    """
    sou_cur = sou_conn.cursor()
    tar_cur = tar_conn.cursor()
    """查询出源库中的表及其对应的架构"""
    sql1 = 'select name,schema_id from %s.sys.tables' % database
    sou_tables = fetch_data(sou_cur, sql1)
    tar_tables = fetch_data(tar_cur, sql1)
    for table_info in sou_tables:
        if table_info in tar_tables:
            """查询出列名"""
            sql2 = "select name from syscolumns where id = (select object_id from %s.sys.tables where name='%s' and schema_id=%s) " % (
                database, table_info[0], table_info[1])
            sou_columns = fetch_data(sou_cur, sql2)
            tar_columns = fetch_data(tar_cur, sql2)
            for column in sou_columns:
                """查询出源表中有，但是目标表中没有的列,排除大小写"""
                if column[0].upper() not in [x[0].upper() for x in tar_columns]:
                    """查询字段信息，column_info对应 数据类型，长度，是否为空，默认值"""
                    sql3 = ('select st.name, sc.length, sc.isnullable, SM.TEXT AS "default" \n'
                            'from syscolumns sc left join systypes st on sc.xtype = st.xtype \n'
                            'LEFT JOIN dbo.syscomments SM ON SC.cdefault = SM.id \n'
                            f'where sc.id=(select object_id from {database}.sys.tables \n'
                            f'          where name=\'{table_info[0]}\' and schema_id={table_info[1]})'
                            f'and sc.name=\'{column[0]}\'\n')
                    column_info = fetch_data(sou_cur, sql3)
                    "nvarchar长度是length的一半"
                    length = column_info[0][1] / 2 if column_info[0][0] == 'nvarchar' else column_info[0][1]
                    is_null = 'NULL' if column_info[0][2] else 'NOT NULL'
                    """查询数据库架构名"""
                    sql4 = ('select sys.schemas.name as [架构名称] \n'
                            'from sys.objects,sys.schemas \n'
                            'where sys.objects.type=\'U\'\n'
                            'and sys.objects.schema_id=sys.schemas.schema_id \n'
                            f"and sys.schemas.schema_id={table_info[1]}")
                    arc = fetch_data(sou_cur, sql4)
                    default_value = column_info[0][3] if column_info[0][3] else 'NULL'
                    '''不同的数据类型对应不同的长度，有些还不用写'''
                    if column_info[0][0] in ['char', 'varchar', 'nchar', 'binary', 'varbinary']:
                        length = '(' + str(column_info[0][1]) + ')'
                    elif column_info[0][0] == 'nvarchar':
                        print(column_info[0][1])
                        length = '(' + str(column_info[0][1] // 2) + ')'
                    else:
                        length = ''
                    '''NOT NULL和timestamp不需要默认值'''
                    if column_info[0][0] == 'timestamp' or (is_null == 'NOT NULL' and default_value == 'NULL'):
                        default_value = ''
                    else:
                        default_value = 'DEFAULT ' + default_value
                    """把缺失的列加到目标表中"""
                    sql5 = f"ALTER TABLE [{arc[0][0]}].{table_info[0]} ADD {column[0]} {column_info[0][0]}{length} {is_null} {default_value}"
                    print("执行SQL:", sql5)
                    tar_cur.execute(sql5)
                    tar_conn.commit()

                else:
                    "目标库表有该字段则不处理"
                    pass
        else:
            "建表及列"
            pass
    sou_cur.close()
    tar_cur.close()


def fetch_data(cur, sql):
    """根据SQL查询数据库数据，返回查询结果tuple类型的数据"""
    try:
        cur.execute(sql)
        results = cur.fetchall()
        # print(results)
        # print('SQL执行成功:' + sql)
        return results
    except Exception:
        print('数据库查询失败')


if __name__ == '__main__':
    # source_ip = input("请输入源数据库IP：")
    # source_user = input("请输入源数据库用户名(默认sa)：") if input("请输入源数据库用户名(默认值)：") else 'sa'
    # source_pwd = input("请输入源数据库密码(默认fyw554193)：") if input("请输入源数据库密码(默认密码)：") else 'fyw554193'
    # target_ip = input("请输入目标数据库IP：")
    # target_user = input("请输入目标数据库用户名(默认sa)：") if input("请输入目标数据库用户名(默认值)：") else 'sa'
    # target_pwd = input("请输入目标数据库密码(默认fyw554193)：") if input("请输入目标数据库密码(默认密码)：") else 'fyw554193'
    # database = input("请输入要同步的数据库(Loan/PostLoan/Sys)：")
    # print("源数据库IP：%s" % source_ip)
    # print("源数据库用户名：%s" % source_user)
    # print("源数据库密码：%s" % source_pwd)
    # print("目标数据库IP：%s" % target_ip)
    # print("目标数据库用户名：%s" % target_user)
    # print("目标数据库密码：%s" % target_pwd)
    # print("要同步的数据库：%s" % database)

    source_ip = '192.168.130.xxx'
    source_user = 'sa'
    source_pwd = 'xxx'

    target_ip = '192.168.130.xx'
    target_user = 'sa'
    target_pwd = 'xxx'

    database = 'HXS'

    # confirm = input("输入Y继续，N退出：")
    # if confirm in ['Y', 'y']:
    sou_conn = pymssql.connect(host=source_ip, port='1433', user=source_user, password=source_pwd, database=database,
                               charset='utf8')
    tar_conn = pymssql.connect(host=target_ip, port='1433', user=target_user, password=target_pwd, database=database,
                               charset='utf8')
    sync_db_structure(sou_conn, tar_conn)
    print("\n%s 所有数据库表同步成功" % target_ip)
    sou_conn.close()
    tar_conn.close()
    # else:
    #     print("\n请重新打开程序！")
    #     pass