手摸手带你用Hexo撸博客(二)之配置主题

//测试Singleton instance = Singleton.getInstance();
Singleton instance1 = Singleton.getInstance();System.out.println(instance == instance1);//true
System.out.println("instance.hashCode=" + instance.hashCode());//1163157884System.out.println("instance1.hashCode=" + instance1.hashCode());//1163157884
}}
//饿汉式(静态变量)
class Singleton {//1. 私有化构造器,外部不能能new
private Singleton() {}//2. 在本类内部创建对象实例
private final static Singleton instance = new Singleton();//3. 提供一个共有的静态方法,返回实例对象
public static Singleton getInstance() {return instance;
}}
优缺点说明优点;这种写法比较简单,就是再类装载的时候就完成实例化。避免了线程同步问题。
缺点;再类装载的时候就完成实例化,没有达到Lazy Loading(懒加载)的效果。如果从始至终从未使用这个实例,则会造成内存的浪费。这种方法基于classloder机制避免了多线程的同步问题,不过,instance再类装载时就实例化,再单例模式种大多数都是调用getInstance方法,但是导致类装载的原因有很多种,因此不能确定其他的方式(或者其他的静态方法)导致类装载,这时候初始化instance就没有达到lazy loading的效果
结论;这种单例模式可用,可能造成内存浪费。饿汉式(静态代码块)
代码
public class SingletonTest2 {
public static void main(String[] args) {//测试
Singleton instance = Singleton.getInstance();Singleton instance1 = Singleton.getInstance();
System.out.println(instance == instance1);//trueSystem.out.println("instance.hashCode=" + instance.hashCode());//1163157884
System.out.println("instance1.hashCode=" + instance1.hashCode());//1163157884}
}
//饿汉式(静态变量)class Singleton {
//1. 私有化构造器,外部不能能newprivate Singleton() { }
//2. 在本类内部创建对象实例private static Singleton instance;
//在静态代码块中,创建对象static { instance = new Singleton(); }
//3. 提供一个共有的静态方法,返回实例对象public static Singleton getInstance() {
return instance;}
}优缺点说明
这种方式和上面的方式其实类似,只不过将类实例的过程放在了静态代码块中,也是再类装载的时候,就执行静态代码块中的代码,初始化类的实例。优缺点和上面是一样的。
结论;这种单例模式可用,但是可能造成内存浪费。懒汉式(线程不安全)
代码
public class SingletonTest03 {
public static void main(String[] args) {//测试
System.out.println("懒汉式1,线程不安全");Singleton instance = Singleton.getInstance();
Singleton instance1 = Singleton.getInstance();System.out.println(instance == instance1);//true
System.out.println("instance.hashCode=" + instance.hashCode());//1163157884System.out.println("instance1.hashCode=" + instance1.hashCode());//1163157884
}}
class Singleton {
private static Singleton instance;public Singleton() { }
//提供一个静态的共有方法,当使用该方法时,才去创建instance//即懒汉式
public static Singleton getInstance() {if (instance == null) {
instance = new Singleton();}
return instance;}
}优点说明
起到Lazy Loading的效果,但是只能再单线程下使用。
如果再多线程下,一个线程进入if(singlenton == null) 判断语句块,还未来得及往下执行,另一个线程也通过这个判断语句,这是便会差生多个实例。所以再多线程环境下不可使用这种方式。结论:再实际开发中,不要使用这种方式。
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懒汉式(线程安全,同步方法)

代码

class Singleton{
private static Singleton singlenton;

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