学生成绩管理系统（C语言版）
C语言版学生成绩管理系统
教材里的，要提交实验报告，能实现以下功能。
#include "stdio.h"
#include "stdlib.h"
#include "string.h"
#define MAX_LRN 10
#define STU_NUM 30
#define COURSE_NUM 6
typedef struct student
{
long num;
char name[MAX_LRN];
float score[COURSE_NUM];
float sum;
float aver;
}STU;
int Menu(void);
void ReadScore(STU stu[],int n,int m);
void AverSumofEveryStudent(STU stu[],int n ,int m);
void AverSumofEveryCourse(STU stu[],int n ,int m);
void SortbyScore(STU stu[],int n ,int m,int(*compare)(float a,float b));
int Ascending(float a,float b);
int Descending(float a,float b);
void SwapFloat(float *x,float *y);
void SwapLong (long*x,long*y);
void SwapChar(char x[],char y[]);
void AsSortbyNum(STU stu[],int n,int m);
void SortbyName(STU stu[],int n,int m);
void SearchbyNum(STU stu[],int n,int m);
void SearchbyName(STU stu[],int n,int m);
void StatisticAnalysis(STU stu[],int n,int m);
void PrintScore(STU stu[],int n,int m);
void WritetoFile(STU record[],int n,int m);
void ReadfromFile(STU record[],int *n,int *m);
int main(void)
{
char ch;
int n = 0,m = 0;
STU stu[STU_NUM];
printf("Input student number(n<%d):",STU_NUM);
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("Input course number(m<=%d):",COURSE_NUM);
scanf("%d",&m);
while(1)
{
ch = Menu();
switch(ch)
{
case 1:ReadScore(stu, n ,m);
break;
case 2:AverSumofEveryCourse(stu,n,m);
break;
case 3:AverSumofEveryStudent(stu,n,m);
break;
case 4:SortbyScore(stu,n,m,Descending);
printf("\nSort in descending order by score:\n");
PrintScore(stu,n,m);
break;
case 5:SortbyScore(stu,n,m,Ascending);
printf("\nSort in ascending order by score:\n");
PrintScore(stu,n,m);
break;
case 6:AsSortbyNum(stu,n,m);
printf("\nSort in ascending order by number:\n");
PrintScore(stu,n,m);
break;
case 7:SortbyName(stu,n,m);
printf("\nSort in dictionary order by name:\n");
PrintScore(stu,n,m);
break;
case 8:SearchbyNum (stu,n,m);
break;
case 9:SearchbyName(stu,n,m);
break;
case 10:StatisticAnalysis(stu,n,m);
break;
case 11:PrintScore(stu,n,m);
break;
case 12:WritetoFile(stu,n,m);
break;
case 13:ReadfromFile(stu,&n,&m);
break;
case 0:printf("End of program!");
exit (0);
default:printf("Input error!");
}
}
return 0;
}
//函数功能：显示菜单并获得用户键盘输入的选项
int Menu(void)
{
int itemSelected;
printf("Management for Students'scores\n");
printf("1.Input record\n");
printf("2.Calculate total and average score of every course\n");
printf("3.Calculate total and average score of every student\n");
printf("4.Sort in descending order by score\n");
printf("5.Sort in ascending order by score\n");
printf("6.Sort in ascending order by number\n");
printf("7.Sort in dictionary order by name\n");
printf("8.Search by number\n");
printf("9.Search by name\n");
printf("10.Statistic analysis\n");
printf("11.List record\n");
printf("12.Write to a file\n");
printf("13.Read from a file\n");
printf("0.Exit\n");
printf("Please Input your choice:");
scanf("%d",&itemSelected); //读入用户输入
return itemSelected;
}
//函数功能：输入n个学生m门课成绩
void ReadScore (STU stu[],int n,int m)
{
int i,j;
printf("Input student's ID,name and score:\n");
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
scanf("%ld%s",&stu[i].num,stu[i].name);
for(j=0;j<m;j++)
{
scanf("%f",&stu[i].score[j]);
}
}
}
//函数功能：计算每个学生各门课程的总分和平均分
void AverSumofEveryStudent(STU stu[],int n ,int m)
{
int i,j;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
stu[i].sum = 0 ;
for(j=0;j<m;j++)
{
stu[i].sum = stu[i].sum+stu[i].score[j];
}
stu[i].aver=m>0?stu[i].sum/m : -1;
printf("student %d:sum = %.0f,aver = %.0f\n",
i+1,stu[i].sum,stu[i].aver );
}
}
//函数功能：计算每门课程的总分和平均分
void AverSumofEveryCourse(STU stu[],int n,int m)
{
int i,j;
float sum[COURSE_NUM],aver[COURSE_NUM];
for(j=0;j<m;j++)
{
sum[j]=0;
for (i=0;i<n;i++)
{
sum[j]=sum[j]+stu[i].score[j];
}
aver[j] =n>0? sum[j]/n:-1;
printf("course %d:sum=%.0f,aver=%.0f\n",j+1,sum[j],aver[j]);
}
}
//函数功能：按选择法将数组sum的元素值排序
void SortbyScore(STU stu[],int n ,int m,int(* compare)(float a,float b))
{
int i,j,k,t;
for(i=0;i<n-1;i++)
{
k=i;
for (j=i+1;j<n;j++)
{
if((* compare)(stu[j].sum,stu[k].sum))k=j;
}
if(k!=i)
{
for (t=0;t<m;t++) //交换m门课程的成绩
{
SwapFloat(&stu[k].score[t],&stu[i].score[t]);
}
SwapFloat(&stu[k].sum,&stu[i].sum); //交换总分
SwapFloat(&stu[k].aver,&stu[i].aver); //交换平均分
SwapLong(&stu[k].num,&stu[i].num); //交换学号
SwapChar(stu[k].name,stu[i].name); //交换姓名
}
}
}
//使数据按升序排序
int Ascending(float a,float b)
{
return a<b; //这样比较决定了按升序排列，如果a
}
//使数据按降序排序
int Descending(float a,float b)
{
return a>b; //这样比较决定了按降序排列，如果a>b，则交换
}
//交换两个单精度浮点型数据
void SwapFloat(float *x,float *y)
{
float temp;
temp = *x;
*x = *y;
*y =temp;
}
//交换两个长整型数据
void SwapLong(long *x, long *y)
{
long temp;
temp = *x;
*x = *y;
*y=temp;
}
//交换两个字符串
void SwapChar(char x[],char y[])
{
char temp[MAX_LRN];
strcpy(temp,x);
strcpy(x,y);
strcpy(y,temp);
}
//函数功能：按选择法将数组NUM的元素值按从低到高排序
void AsSortbyNum(STU stu[],int n,int m)
{
int i,j,k,t;
for(i=0;i<n-1;i++)
{
k=i;
for (j=i+1;j<n;j++)
{
if(stu[j].num<stu[k].num) k=j;
}
if(k!=i)
{
for(t=0;t<m;t++) //交换m门课程的成绩
{
SwapFloat(&stu[k].score[t],&stu[i].score[t]);
}
SwapFloat(&stu[k].sum,&stu[i].sum); //交换总分
SwapFloat(&stu[k].aver,&stu[i].aver); //交换平均分
SwapLong(&stu[k].num,&stu[i].num); //交换学号
SwapChar(stu[k].name,stu[i].name); //交换姓名
}
}
}
//函数功能：交换法实现字符串按字典顺序排序
void SortbyName(STU stu[],int n,int m)
{
int i,j,t;
for (i=0;i<n-1;i++)
{
for(j=i+1;j<n;j++)
{
if(strcmp (stu[j].name,stu[i].name)<0)
{
for (t=0;t<m;t++) //交换m门课程的成绩
{
SwapFloat(&stu[i].score[t],&stu[j].score[t]);
}
SwapFloat(&stu[i].sum,&stu[j].sum); //交换总分
SwapFloat(&stu[i].aver,&stu[j].aver); //交换平均分
SwapLong(&stu[i].num,&stu[j].num); //交换学号
SwapChar(stu[i].name,stu[j].name); //交换姓名
}
}
}
}
//函数功能：按学号查找学生成绩并显示查找结果
void SearchbyNum(STU stu[],int n,int m)
{
long number;
int i,j;
printf("Input the number you want to search:");
scanf("%ld",&number);
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
if(stu[i].num == number)
{
printf("%ld\t%s\t",stu[i].num,stu[i].name);
for (j=0;j<m;j++)
{
printf("%.0f\t",stu[i].score[j]);
}
printf("%.0f\t%.0f\n",stu[i].sum,stu[i].aver);
return;
}
}
printf("\nNot founf!\n");
}
//函数功能：按姓名的字典顺序排出成绩表
void SearchbyName(STU stu[],int n,int m)
{
char x[MAX_LRN];
int i,j;
printf("Input the name you want to search:");
scanf("%s",x);
for (i=0;i<n;i++)
{
if(strcmp(stu[i].name,x) == 0)
{
printf("%ld\t%s\t",stu[i].num,stu[i].name);
for(j=0;j<m;j++)
{
printf("%.0f\t",stu[i].score[j]);
}
printf("%.0f\t%.0f\n",stu[i].sum,stu[i].aver);
return;
}
}
printf("\nNot found!\n");
}
//函数功能：统计各分数段的学生人数及所占的百分比
void StatisticAnalysis(STU stu[],int n,int m)
{
int i,j,t[6];
for(j=0;j<m;j++)
{
printf("For course %d:\n",j+1);
memset(t,0,sizeof(t));
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
if (stu[i].score[j]>=0 && stu[i].score[j]<60) t[0]++;
else if(stu[i].score[j]<70) t[1]++;
else if(stu[i].score[j]<80) t[2]++;
else if(stu[i].score[j]<90) t[3]++;
else if(stu[i].score[j]<100) t[4]++;
else if(stu[i].score[j]==100) t[5]++;
}
for(i=0;i<=5;i++)
{
if(i==0)printf("<60\t%d\t%.2f%% \n",t[i],(float)t[i]/n*100);
else if(i==5)printf("%d\t%d\t%.2f%% \n",
(i+5)*10,t[i],(float)t[i]/n*100);
else printf("%d-%d\t%d\t%.2f%%\n",(i+5)*10,(i+5)*10+9,
t[i],(float)t[i]/n*100);
}
}
}
//函数功能：打印学生成绩
void PrintScore(STU stu[],int n,int m )
{
int i,j;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
printf("%ld\t%s\t",stu[i].num,stu[i].name);
for (j=0;j<m;j++)
{
printf("%.0f\t",stu[i].score[j]);
}
printf("%.0f\t%0f\n",stu[i].sum,stu[i].aver);
}
}
//输入n个学生的学号、姓名及m门课程的成绩到文件 student。txt中
void WritetoFile(STU stu[],int n,int m)
{
FILE *fp;
int i,j;
if((fp=fopen("student.txt","w")) ==NULL)
{
printf("Failure to open score.txt!\n");
exit(0);
}
fprintf(fp,"%d\t%d\n",n,m);
for (i=0;i<n;i++)
{
fprintf(fp,"%10ld%10s",stu[i].num,stu[i].name);
for (j=0;j<m;j++)
{
fprintf(fp,"%10.0f",stu[i].score[j]);
}
fprintf(fp,"%10.0f%10.0f\n",stu[i].sum,stu[i].aver);
}
fclose(fp);
}
//从文件中读取学生的学号、姓名及成绩等信息写入到结构体数组stu中
void ReadfromFile(STU stu[],int *n,int *m)
{
FILE *fp;
int i,j;
if((fp = fopen("student.txt","r")) == NULL)
{
printf("Failure to open score.txt!\n");
exit(0);
}
fscanf(fp,"%d\t%d",n,m); //从文件中读出学生人数和课程门数
for (i=0;i<*n;i++) //学生人数保存在n指向的存储单元
{
fscanf(fp,"%10ld",&stu[i].num);
fscanf(fp,"%10s",stu[i].name);
for (j=0;j<*m;j++) //课程门数保存在m指向的存储单元
{
fscanf(fp,"%10f",&stu[i].score[j]);
}
fscanf(fp,"%10f%10f",&stu[i].sum,&stu[i].aver);
}
fclose(fp);
}