Java中joda日期格式化工具的使用示例

1.基本介绍

Java自带日期格式化工具DateFormat ,但是DateFormat 的所有实现,包括 SimpleDateFormat 都不是线程安全的,因此你不应该在多线程序中使用,除非是在对外线程安全的环境中使用,如 将 SimpleDateFormat 限制在 ThreadLocal 中。如果你不这么做,在解析或者格式化日期的时候,可能会获取到一个不正确的结果。因此,从日期、时间处理的所有实践来说,我强力推荐使用joda-time 库。

2.joda-time的使用

引入依赖


  joda-time
  joda-time
  2.10.5

编写测试类

public class DateUtils {

  public static final long SECOND = 1000; // 1秒 java已毫秒为单位

  public static final long MINUTE = SECOND * 60; // 一分钟

  public static final long HOUR = MINUTE * 60; // 一小时

  public static final long DAY = HOUR * 24; // 一天

  public static final long WEEK = DAY * 7; // 一周

  public static final long YEAR = DAY * 365; // 一年

  public static final String FORMAT_TIME = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"; // 默认时间格式

  public static final String FORMAT_TIME_MINUTE = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm"; // 默认时间格式

  public static final String FORTER_DATE = "yyyy-MM-dd"; // 默认日期格式

  private static final Map WEEK_DAY = new HashMap();
  static {
    WEEK_DAY.put(7, "星期六");
    WEEK_DAY.put(1, "星期天");
    WEEK_DAY.put(2, "星期一");
    WEEK_DAY.put(3, "星期二");
    WEEK_DAY.put(4, "星期三");
    WEEK_DAY.put(5, "星期四");
    WEEK_DAY.put(6, "星期五");
  }

  /**
   * 获取当前系统时间
   * 
   * @return yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss
   */
  public static String getCurrentTime() {
    DateTime dt = new DateTime();
    String time = dt.toString(FORMAT_TIME);
    return time;
  }

  /**
   * 获取系统当前时间按照指定格式返回
   * 
   * @param pattern
   *      yyyy/MM/dd hh:mm:a
   * @return
   */
  public static String getCurrentTimePattern(String pattern) {
    DateTime dt = new DateTime();
    String time = dt.toString(pattern);
    return time;
  }

  /**
   * 获取当前日期
   * 
   * @return
   */
  public static String getCurrentDate() {
    DateTime dt = new DateTime();
    String date = dt.toString(FORTER_DATE);
    return date;
  }

  /**
   * 获取当前日期按照指定格式
   * 
   * @param pattern
   * @return
   */
  public static String getCurrentDatePattern(String pattern) {
    DateTime dt = new DateTime();
    String date = dt.toString(pattern);
    return date;
  }

  /**
   * 按照时区转换时间
   * 
   * @param date
   * @param timeZone
   *      时区
   * @param parrten
   * @return
   */
  @Nullable
  public static String format(Date date, TimeZone timeZone, String parrten) {
    if (date == null) {
      return null;
    }
    SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat(parrten);
    sdf.setTimeZone(timeZone);
    return sdf.format(date);
  }

  /**
   * 获取指定时间
   * 
   * @param year
   *      年
   * @param month
   *      月
   * @param day
   *      天
   * @param hour
   *      小时
   * @param minute
   *      分钟
   * @param seconds
   *      秒
   * @return yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss
   */
  public static String getPointTime(Integer year, Integer month, Integer day, Integer hour, Integer minute,
      Integer seconds) {
    DateTime dt = new DateTime(year, month, day, hour, minute, seconds);
    String date = dt.toString(FORMAT_TIME);
    return date;
  }

  /**
   * 
   * @param year
   *      年
   * @param month
   *      月
   * @param day
   *      天
   * @param hour
   *      小时
   * @param minute
   *      分钟
   * @param seconds
   *      秒
   * @param parrten
   *      自定义格式
   * @return parrten
   */
  public static String getPointTimePattern(Integer year, Integer month, Integer day, Integer hour, Integer minute,
      Integer seconds, String parrten) {
    DateTime dt = new DateTime(year, month, day, hour, minute, seconds);
    String date = dt.toString(parrten);
    return date;
  }

  /**
   * 获取指定日期
   * 
   * @param year
   * @param month
   * @param day
   * @return
   */
  public static String getPointDate(Integer year, Integer month, Integer day) {
    LocalDate dt = new LocalDate(year, month, day);
    String date = dt.toString(FORTER_DATE);
    return date;
  }

  /**
   * 获取指定日期 返回指定格式
   * 
   * @param year
   * @param month
   * @param day
   * @param parrten
   * @return
   */
  public static String getPointDatParrten(Integer year, Integer month, Integer day, String parrten) {
    LocalDate dt = new LocalDate(year, month, day);
    String date = dt.toString(parrten);
    return date;
  }

  /**
   * 获取当前是一周星期几
   * 
   * @return
   */
  public static String getWeek() {
    DateTime dts = new DateTime();
    String week = null;
    switch (dts.getDayOfWeek()) {
    case DateTimeConstants.SUNDAY:
      week = "星期日";
      break;

    case DateTimeConstants.MONDAY:
      week = "星期一";
      break;

    case DateTimeConstants.TUESDAY:
      week = "星期二";
      break;
    case DateTimeConstants.WEDNESDAY:
      week = "星期三";
      break;
    case DateTimeConstants.THURSDAY:
      week = "星期四";
      break;
    case DateTimeConstants.FRIDAY:
      week = "星期五";
      break;
    case DateTimeConstants.SATURDAY:
      week = "星期六";
    default:
      break;
    }
    return week;
  }

  /**
   * 获取指定时间是一周的星期几
   * 
   * @param year
   * @param month
   * @param day
   * @return
   */
  public static String getWeekPoint(Integer year, Integer month, Integer day) {
    LocalDate dts = new LocalDate(year, month, day);
    String week = null;
    switch (dts.getDayOfWeek()) {
    case DateTimeConstants.SUNDAY:
      week = "星期日";
      break;
    case DateTimeConstants.MONDAY:
      week = "星期一";
      break;
    case DateTimeConstants.TUESDAY:
      week = "星期二";
      break;
    case DateTimeConstants.WEDNESDAY:
      week = "星期三";
      break;
    case DateTimeConstants.THURSDAY:
      week = "星期四";
      break;
    case DateTimeConstants.FRIDAY:
      week = "星期五";
      break;
    case DateTimeConstants.SATURDAY:
      week = "星期六";
      break;

    default:
      break;
    }
    return week;
  }

  /**
   * 格式化日期
   * 
   * @param date
   * @return yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss
   */
  @Nullable
  public static String format(Date date) {
    if (date == null) {
      return null;
    }
    SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat(FORMAT_TIME);
    return format.format(date);
  }

  /**
   * 格式化日期字符串
   * 
   * @param date
   *      日期
   * @param pattern
   *      日期格式
   * @return
   */
  @Nullable
  public static String format(Date date, String pattern) {
    if (date == null) {
      return null;
    }
    SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat(pattern);
    return format.format(date);
  }

  /**
   * 解析日期
   * 
   * @param date
   *      日期字符串
   * @param pattern
   *      日期格式
   * @return
   */
  @Nullable
  public static Date parse(String date, String pattern) {
    if (date == null) {
      return null;
    }
    Date resultDate = null;
    try {
      resultDate = new SimpleDateFormat(pattern).parse(date);
    } catch (ParseException e) {

    }
    return resultDate;
  }

  /**
   * 解析日期yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss
   * 
   * @param date
   *      日期字符串
   * @return
   */
  @Nullable
  public static Date parse(String date) {
    if (date == null) {
      return null;
    }

    try {
      return new SimpleDateFormat(FORMAT_TIME).parse(date);
    } catch (ParseException e) {
      return null;
    }
  }

  /**
   * 解析日期 yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss
   * 
   * @param timestamp
   * @return
   */
  public static String format(Long timestamp, String pattern) {
    String dateStr = "";
    if (null == timestamp || timestamp.longValue() < 0) {
      return dateStr;
    }
    try {
      Date date = new Date(timestamp);
      SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat(pattern);
      dateStr = format.format(date);
    } catch (Exception e) {
      // ignore
    }

    return dateStr;
  }

  /**
   * 解析日期 yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss
   * 
   * @param timestamp
   * @return
   */
  public static String format(Long timestamp) {
    String dateStr = "";
    if (null == timestamp || timestamp.longValue() < 0) {
      return dateStr;
    }
    try {
      Date date = new Date(timestamp);
      SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat(FORMAT_TIME);
      dateStr = format.format(date);
    } catch (Exception e) {
      // ignore
    }

    return dateStr;
  }

  /**
   * 获取当前时间前几天时间,按指定格式返回
   * 
   * @param days
   * @return
   */
  public static String forwardDay(Integer days, String format) {
    DateTime dt = new DateTime();
    DateTime y = dt.minusDays(days);
    return y.toString(format);
  }

  /**
   * 获取当前时间前几天时间
   * 
   * @param days
   * @return
   */
  public static Date forwardDay(Integer days) {
    DateTime dt = new DateTime();
    DateTime y = dt.minusDays(days);
    return y.toDate();
  }

  /**
   * 获取指定时间之后或者之前的某一天00:00:00 默认返回当天
   * 
   * @param days
   * @return
   */
  public static Date day00(Integer days, String date, String zimeZone) throws Throwable {
    DateTime dt;
    TimeZone timeZone;
    try {
      if (isBlank(zimeZone)) {
        timeZone = TimeZone.getDefault();
      } else {
        timeZone = TimeZone.getTimeZone(zimeZone);
      }
      if (isBlank(date)) {
        dt = new DateTime().withZone(DateTimeZone.forTimeZone(timeZone)).toLocalDateTime().toDateTime();
      } else {
        dt = new DateTime(date).withZone(DateTimeZone.forTimeZone(timeZone)).toLocalDateTime().toDateTime();
      }
    } catch (Exception e) {
      throw new Throwable(e);
    }

    DateTime y = dt.minusDays(days).withHourOfDay(0).withMinuteOfHour(0).withSecondOfMinute(0);
    return y.toDate();
  }

  /**
   * 获取指定时间之后或者之前的某一天23:59:59 默认返回当天
   * 
   * @param days
   *      偏移量
   * @return
   */
  public static Date day59(Integer days, String date, String zimeZone) throws Throwable {
    DateTime dt;
    TimeZone timeZone;
    try {
      if (isBlank(zimeZone)) {
        timeZone = TimeZone.getDefault();
      } else {
        timeZone = TimeZone.getTimeZone(zimeZone);
      }
      if (isBlank(date)) {

        dt = new DateTime().withZone(DateTimeZone.forTimeZone(timeZone)).toLocalDateTime().toDateTime();
      } else {
        dt = new DateTime(date).withZone(DateTimeZone.forTimeZone(timeZone)).toLocalDateTime().toDateTime();
      }
    } catch (Exception e) {
      throw new Throwable(e);
    }
    DateTime y = dt.minusDays(days).withHourOfDay(23).withMinuteOfHour(59).withSecondOfMinute(59);
    return y.toDate();
  }

  /**
   * 计算两个时间相差多少天
   * 
   * @param startDate
   * @param endDate
   * @return
   */
  @Nullable
  public static Integer diffDay(Date startDate, Date endDate) {
    if (startDate == null || endDate == null) {
      return null;
    }
    DateTime dt1 = new DateTime(startDate);
    DateTime dt2 = new DateTime(endDate);
    int day = Days.daysBetween(dt1, dt2).getDays();
    return Math.abs(day);
  }

  /**
   * 获取某月之前,之后某一个月最后一天,24:59:59
   * 
   * @return
   */
  public static Date lastDay(Date date, Integer month) {
    DateTime dt1;
    if (month == null) {
      month = 0;
    }
    if (date == null) {
      dt1 = new DateTime().minusMonths(month);
    } else {
      dt1 = new DateTime(date).minusMonths(month);
    }
    DateTime lastDay = dt1.dayOfMonth().withMaximumValue().withHourOfDay(23).withMinuteOfHour(59)
        .withSecondOfMinute(59);
    return lastDay.toDate();
  }

  /**
   * 获取某月月之前,之后某一个月第一天,00:00:00
   * 
   * @return
   */
  public static Date firstDay(Date date, Integer month) {
    DateTime dt1;
    if (month == null) {
      month = 0;
    }
    if (date == null) {
      dt1 = new DateTime().minusMonths(month);
    } else {
      dt1 = new DateTime(date).minusMonths(month);
    }
    DateTime lastDay = dt1.dayOfMonth().withMinimumValue().withHourOfDay(0).withMinuteOfHour(0)
        .withSecondOfMinute(0);
    return lastDay.toDate();
  }

  public static Date addDay(Date date, int offset) {
    DateTime dt1;
    if (date == null) {
      dt1 = new DateTime().plusDays(offset);
      return dt1.toDate();
    }
    dt1 = new DateTime(date).plusDays(offset);
    return dt1.toDate();

  }

  /**
   * 传入日期时间与当前系统日期时间的比较, 若日期相同,则根据时分秒来返回 , 否则返回具体日期
   * 
   * @return 日期或者 xx小时前||xx分钟前||xx秒前
   */
  @Nullable
  public static String getNewUpdateDateString(Date now, Date createDate) {
    if (now == null || createDate == null) {
      return null;
    }
    Long time = (now.getTime() - createDate.getTime());
    if (time > (24 * 60 * 60 * 1000)) {
      return time / (24 * 60 * 60 * 1000) + "天前";
    } else if (time > (60 * 60 * 1000)) {
      return time / (60 * 60 * 1000) + "小时前";
    } else if (time > (60 * 1000)) {
      return time / (60 * 1000) + "分钟前";
    } else if (time >= 1000) {
      return time / 1000 + "秒前";
    }
    return "刚刚";
  }
  /**
   * 
   * @Title: isBlank
   * @Description: TODO(判断字符串是否为空或长度为0 或由空格组成)
   * @param @param str
   * @param @return 设定文件
   * @return boolean 返回类型
   * @throws
   */
  public static boolean isBlank(String str) {
    return (str == null || str.trim().length() == 0);
  }
  
  public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {
     System.out.println(lastDay(new Date(),2));
     System.out.println(firstDay(null,0));
     TimeZone zone1=TimeZone.getTimeZone("GMT+8");
     TimeZone zone2=TimeZone.getTimeZone("GMT-5");
     System.out.println(format(new Date(),zone1,FORMAT_TIME));
     System.out.println(format(new Date(),zone2,FORMAT_TIME));
    
     System.out.println(format(day00(0,"2017-5-11","GMT+0")));
     System.out.println(format(day00(0,"2017-5-11","GMT+8")));
     System.out.println(format(day00(0,"2017-5-11","GMT-8")));
     Date date1 =parse("2017-05-11 17:53:52");
    
     System.out.println(diffDay(date1,new Date()));

     DateTime dateTime = new DateTime().withDayOfWeek(1);
    
     DateTime dateTime1 = new DateTime().withDayOfWeek(7).withTime(0, 0,
     0, 0);
     System.out.println(format(dateTime.toDate()));
    
     System.out.println(format(dateTime1.toDate()));

    System.out.println(format(new Date(), "MM/dd"));
  }

}

优点

1. 易于使用:Calendar让获取"正常的"的日期变得很困难,使它没办法提供简单的方法,而Joda-Time能够 直接进行访问域并且索引值1就是代表January。
2. 易于扩展:JDK支持多日历系统是通过Calendar的子类来实现,这样就显示的非常笨重而且事实 上要实现其它日历系统是很困难的。Joda-Time支持多日历系统是通过基于Chronology类的插件体系来实现。

3. 提供一组完整的功能:它打算提供 所有关系到date-time计算的功能.Joda-Time当前支持8种日历系统,而且在将来还会继续添加,有着比JDK Calendar更好的整体性能等等。

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