Springboot + mysql + mybatis 实现quartz集群搭建及job页面管理

一、基本概念

 Quartz核心的概念:scheduler任务调度、Job任务、Trigger触发器、JobDetail任务细节。

scheduler任务调度:

  是最核心的概念,需要把JobDetailTrigger注册到scheduler中,才可以执行。

Job任务:

  其实Job是接口,其中只有一个execute方法:

Trigger触发器 

  a)作用:它是来执行工作任务,在什么条件下触发,什么时间执行,多久执行一次。

  b)四大类型:SimpleTriggerCronTirggerDateIntervalTrigger NthIncludedDayTrigger

  SimpleTrigger 一般用于实现每隔一定时间执行任务,以及重复多少次,如每 2 小时执行一次,重复执行 5 次。SimpleTrigger 内部实现机制是通过计算间隔时间来计算下次的执行时间,这就导致其不适合调度定时的任务。例如我们想每天的 100AM 执行任务,如果使用 SimpleTrigger 的话间隔时间就是一天。注意这里就会有一个问题,即当有 misfired 的任务并且恢复执行时,该执行时间是随机的(取决于何时执行 misfired 的任务,例如某天的 300PM)。这会导致之后每天的执行时间都会变成 300PM,而不是我们原来期望的 100AM

  CronTirgger 类似于 LINUX 上的任务调度命令 crontab,即利用一个包含 7 个字段的表达式来表示时间调度方式。例如,"0 15 10 * * ? *" 表示每天的 1015AM 执行任务。对于涉及到星期和月份的调度,CronTirgger 是最适合的,甚至某些情况下是唯一选择。例如,"0 10 14 ? 3 WED" 表示三月份的每个星期三的下午 1410PM 执行任务。读者可以在具体用到该 trigger 时再详细了解每个字段的含义。

 

二、详细实现案例

1、数据库创建:

源码下载:http://d2zwv9pap9ylyd.cloudfront.net/quartz-2.2.3-distribution.tar.gz

首先要在mysql里面建一个数据库,这里起名:quartz,并导入以下sql内容

以下的sql为实现quartz集群必须要的表,quartz集群就是通过共享一个数据库来实现的,不像redis那样的集群,节点与节点需要通信;quartz集群的节点之间是不需要通信的。

数据库执行doc中的tables_mysql.sql

#
# Quartz seems to work best with the driver mm.mysql-2.0.7-bin.jar
#
# PLEASE consider using mysql with innodb tables to avoid locking issues
#
# In your Quartz properties file, you'll need to set 
# org.quartz.jobStore.driverDelegateClass = org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.StdJDBCDelegate
#

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_FIRED_TRIGGERS;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_PAUSED_TRIGGER_GRPS;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_SCHEDULER_STATE;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_LOCKS;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_SIMPLE_TRIGGERS;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_SIMPROP_TRIGGERS;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_CRON_TRIGGERS;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_BLOB_TRIGGERS;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_TRIGGERS;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_JOB_DETAILS;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS QRTZ_CALENDARS;


CREATE TABLE QRTZ_JOB_DETAILS
  (
    SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
    JOB_NAME  VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
    JOB_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
    DESCRIPTION VARCHAR(250) NULL,
    JOB_CLASS_NAME   VARCHAR(250) NOT NULL,
    IS_DURABLE VARCHAR(1) NOT NULL,
    IS_NONCONCURRENT VARCHAR(1) NOT NULL,
    IS_UPDATE_DATA VARCHAR(1) NOT NULL,
    REQUESTS_RECOVERY VARCHAR(1) NOT NULL,
    JOB_DATA BLOB NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,JOB_NAME,JOB_GROUP)
);

CREATE TABLE QRTZ_TRIGGERS
  (
    SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
    TRIGGER_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
    TRIGGER_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
    JOB_NAME  VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
    JOB_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
    DESCRIPTION VARCHAR(250) NULL,
    NEXT_FIRE_TIME BIGINT(13) NULL,
    PREV_FIRE_TIME BIGINT(13) NULL,
    PRIORITY INTEGER NULL,
    TRIGGER_STATE VARCHAR(16) NOT NULL,
    TRIGGER_TYPE VARCHAR(8) NOT NULL,
    START_TIME BIGINT(13) NOT NULL,
    END_TIME BIGINT(13) NULL,
    CALENDAR_NAME VARCHAR(200) NULL,
    MISFIRE_INSTR SMALLINT(2) NULL,
    JOB_DATA BLOB NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP),
    FOREIGN KEY (SCHED_NAME,JOB_NAME,JOB_GROUP)
        REFERENCES QRTZ_JOB_DETAILS(SCHED_NAME,JOB_NAME,JOB_GROUP)
);

CREATE TABLE QRTZ_SIMPLE_TRIGGERS
  (
    SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
    TRIGGER_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
    TRIGGER_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
    REPEAT_COUNT BIGINT(7) NOT NULL,
    REPEAT_INTERVAL BIGINT(12) NOT NULL,
    TIMES_TRIGGERED BIGINT(10) NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP),
    FOREIGN KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)
        REFERENCES QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)
);

CREATE TABLE QRTZ_CRON_TRIGGERS
  (
    SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
    TRIGGER_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
    TRIGGER_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
    CRON_EXPRESSION VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
    TIME_ZONE_ID VARCHAR(80),
    PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP),
    FOREIGN KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)
        REFERENCES QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)
);

CREATE TABLE QRTZ_SIMPROP_TRIGGERS
  (          
    SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
    TRIGGER_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
    TRIGGER_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
    STR_PROP_1 VARCHAR(512) NULL,
    STR_PROP_2 VARCHAR(512) NULL,
    STR_PROP_3 VARCHAR(512) NULL,
    INT_PROP_1 INT NULL,
    INT_PROP_2 INT NULL,
    LONG_PROP_1 BIGINT NULL,
    LONG_PROP_2 BIGINT NULL,
    DEC_PROP_1 NUMERIC(13,4) NULL,
    DEC_PROP_2 NUMERIC(13,4) NULL,
    BOOL_PROP_1 VARCHAR(1) NULL,
    BOOL_PROP_2 VARCHAR(1) NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP),
    FOREIGN KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP) 
    REFERENCES QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)
);

CREATE TABLE QRTZ_BLOB_TRIGGERS
  (
    SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
    TRIGGER_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
    TRIGGER_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
    BLOB_DATA BLOB NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP),
    FOREIGN KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)
        REFERENCES QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)
);

CREATE TABLE QRTZ_CALENDARS
  (
    SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
    CALENDAR_NAME  VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
    CALENDAR BLOB NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,CALENDAR_NAME)
);

CREATE TABLE QRTZ_PAUSED_TRIGGER_GRPS
  (
    SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
    TRIGGER_GROUP  VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL, 
    PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP)
);

CREATE TABLE QRTZ_FIRED_TRIGGERS
  (
    SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
    ENTRY_ID VARCHAR(95) NOT NULL,
    TRIGGER_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
    TRIGGER_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
    INSTANCE_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
    FIRED_TIME BIGINT(13) NOT NULL,
    SCHED_TIME BIGINT(13) NOT NULL,
    PRIORITY INTEGER NOT NULL,
    STATE VARCHAR(16) NOT NULL,
    JOB_NAME VARCHAR(200) NULL,
    JOB_GROUP VARCHAR(200) NULL,
    IS_NONCONCURRENT VARCHAR(1) NULL,
    REQUESTS_RECOVERY VARCHAR(1) NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,ENTRY_ID)
);

CREATE TABLE QRTZ_SCHEDULER_STATE
  (
    SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
    INSTANCE_NAME VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
    LAST_CHECKIN_TIME BIGINT(13) NOT NULL,
    CHECKIN_INTERVAL BIGINT(13) NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,INSTANCE_NAME)
);

CREATE TABLE QRTZ_LOCKS
  (
    SCHED_NAME VARCHAR(120) NOT NULL,
    LOCK_NAME  VARCHAR(40) NOT NULL, 
    PRIMARY KEY (SCHED_NAME,LOCK_NAME)
);


commit;

 

2、创建maven项目:

完整的工程结构如下图

Springboot + mysql + mybatis 实现quartz集群搭建及job页面管理_第1张图片

 

3、引入springboot和quartz的依赖

项目创建之后,引入Springboot及quartz依赖,另外,由于页面是使用的jsp,所以需要引入关于jsp的依赖和servlet的依赖(外部tomcat部署不需要引入jsp相关的依赖),pom文件相关依赖如下:

 

  1. pom.xml(quartz)
4.0.0
com.hongguaninfo
quartz-job
pom
1.0-SNAPSHOT

   quartz-job-admin


   UTF-8
   UTF-8
   UTF-8
   1.7
   1.7
   true
   1.2.1
   1.5.17.RELEASE
   1.3.2
   5.1.47
   4.3.20.RELEASE
   1.7.25
   2.3.28
   4.12
   1.3
   4.2
   3.8.1
   1.5
   2.5.3
   2.2.3
   2.9.7
   9.2.26.v20180806
2、pom.xml(spring-boot-quartz)
4.0.0


    com.hongguaninfo
    quartz-job
    1.0-SNAPSHOT

quartz-job-admin
war


    
        
        
            org.springframework.boot
            spring-boot-starter-parent
            ${spring-boot.version}
            pom
            import
        
    



    
        org.springframework.boot
        spring-boot-starter-web
        
        
            
                
                
            
        
    

    
    
        org.mybatis.spring.boot
        mybatis-spring-boot-starter
        ${mybatis-spring-boot-starter.version}
    
    
        org.springframework.boot
        spring-boot-devtools
        true
    
    
        mysql
        mysql-connector-java
        ${mysql-connector-java.version}
    

    
    
        org.quartz-scheduler
        quartz
        ${quartz.version}
    
    
        org.quartz-scheduler
        quartz-jobs
        ${quartz.version}
    

    
        org.springframework
        spring-context-support
        ${spring.version}
    

    
    
        org.apache.commons
        commons-collections4
        ${commons-collections4.version}
    
    
    
        org.apache.commons
        commons-lang3
        ${commons-lang3.version}
    
    
    
        org.apache.commons
        commons-email
        ${commons-email.version}
    

    
    
        javax.servlet
        jstl
    

    
    
        org.apache.tomcat.embed
        tomcat-embed-jasper
        
        
    
    
        javax.servlet
        javax.servlet-api
        
        
    



    
        
            org.springframework.boot
            spring-boot-maven-plugin
            ${spring-boot.version}
            
                
                    
                        repackage
                    
                
            
            
                
                true
                
                
                     -Xdebug -Xrunjdwp:transport=dt_socket,server=y,suspend=y,address=5005
                
            
        
    

4、添加配置文件

application.properties

详细的springboot配置如下:

### web
server.port=8083
server.context-path=/quartz-job-admin

#默认的位置是src/main/webapp 这里可以更换,比如/page/ 那么目录就变成了src/main/webapp/pages
spring.mvc.view.prefix=/WEB-INF/pages/
spring.mvc.view.suffix=.jsp

#关闭默认模板引擎
spring.thymeleaf.cache=false
spring.thymeleaf.enabled=false

### resources
#表示所有的访问都经过静态资源路径
spring.mvc.static-path-pattern=/**
#覆盖默认配置,所以需要将默认的也加上否则static、public等这些路径将不能被当作静态资源路径
spring.resources.static-locations=classpath:/META-INF/static/,classpath:/static/

### mybatis
mybatis.mapper-locations=classpath:/mybatis-mapper/*sqlmap.xml
mybatis.type-aliases-package=com.hongguaninfo.quartz.entity

###日志
logging.path=/logs/quartz
logging.file=springboot-quartz.log
logging.level.root=info

### xxl-job, datasource
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://192.168.8.179:3306/quartz?Unicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=root
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

spring.datasource.type=org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSource
spring.datasource.tomcat.max-wait=10000
spring.datasource.tomcat.max-active=30
spring.datasource.tomcat.test-on-borrow=true

详细quartz配置如下:

(注意:如果部署的是quartz集群,必须加上org.quartz.jobStore.isClustered = true,如果只是单节点quartz可以不用加)
#默认或是自己改名字都行
org.quartz.scheduler.instanceName: DefaultQuartzScheduler

#如果使用集群,instanceId必须唯一,设置成AUTO
org.quartz.scheduler.instanceId = AUTO
#rmi远程调用代理默认不用
org.quartz.scheduler.rmi.export: false
org.quartz.scheduler.rmi.proxy: false
# Job事务是否自定义的 spring quartz采用了这个特性
org.quartz.scheduler.wrapJobExecutionInUserTransaction: false

#Job执行的线程池
org.quartz.threadPool.class: org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool
org.quartz.threadPool.threadCount: 10
#线程权重
org.quartz.threadPool.threadPriority: 5
#线程类加载器是否继承父类加载器
org.quartz.threadPool.threadsInheritContextClassLoaderOfInitializingThread: true
#job阻塞时间,超过此时间将跳过此次执行
org.quartz.jobStore.misfireThreshold: 60000


#============================================================================
# Configure JobStore
#============================================================================
# 默认内存存储模式(单机)
#org.quartz.jobStore.class: org.quartz.simpl.RAMJobStore

#集群配置模式与单机配置唯一区别
#存储方式使用JobStoreTX,也就是数据库,quartz jdbc事务持久化
org.quartz.jobStore.class:org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.JobStoreTX
#jdbc类,默认的
#org.quartz.jobStore.driverDelegateClass:org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.StdJDBCDelegate
#自定义的jdbc类,重写selectJobDetail,改变加载job class的方式,继承了org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.StdJDBCDelegate
org.quartz.jobStore.driverDelegateClass:com.hongguaninfo.hgdf.core.glue.StdJDBCDelegateMy
#使用自己的配置文件
org.quartz.jobStore.useProperties:true
#数据库中quartz表的表名前缀
org.quartz.jobStore.tablePrefix:QRTZ_
#指定数据源
org.quartz.jobStore.dataSource:qzDS
#是否使用集群(如果项目只部署到 一台服务器,就不用了)
org.quartz.jobStore.isClustered = true
# 同一实例集群检测其他实例是否存活的轮询时间
org.quartz.jobStore.clusterCheckinInterval = 7500

#============================================================================
# Configure Datasources
#============================================================================
#配置数据源
org.quartz.dataSource.qzDS.driver:com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
org.quartz.dataSource.qzDS.URL:jdbc:mysql://192.168.8.179:3306/quartz?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
org.quartz.dataSource.qzDS.user:root
org.quartz.dataSource.qzDS.password:root
org.quartz.dataSource.qzDS.validationQuery=select 0 from dual

5、添加springboot启动类

package com.hongguaninfo;



import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;

import org.springframework.boot.web.support.SpringBootServletInitializer;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;



/**

 * Created by chenqinglong on 2019/2/1 0001.

 */

@SpringBootApplication

@ComponentScan(basePackages = { "com.hongguaninfo" })

@MapperScan("com.hongguaninfo.quartz.mapper")

public class QuartzApplication extends SpringBootServletInitializer {

    public static void main(String[] args){

        SpringApplication.run(QuartzApplication.class, args);

    }



    /**

     * 继承SpringBootServletInitializer 实现configure 方便打war 外部服务器部署。

     * 需要把web项目打成war包部署到外部tomcat运行时需要改变启动方式

     * @param application

     * @return

     */

    @Override

    protected final SpringApplicationBuilder configure(final SpringApplicationBuilder application) {

        return application.sources(QuartzApplication.class);

    }

}

说明:由于我们是war项目,需要外部tomcat部署运行,

所以需要继承SpringBootServletInitializer并重写configure方法,改变其启动方式。

6、创建job 实例工厂:

解决spring注入问题,如果使用默认会导致spring@Autowired 无法注入问题(很重要

package com.springquartz.factory;



import org.quartz.spi.TriggerFiredBundle;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.AutowireCapableBeanFactory;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware;

import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SpringBeanJobFactory;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;



@Component

public class MyJobFactory extends SpringBeanJobFactory implements ApplicationContextAware {

    private transient AutowireCapableBeanFactory beanFactory;

    @Override

    public void setApplicationContext(final ApplicationContext context) {

        beanFactory = context.getAutowireCapableBeanFactory();

    }

    @Override

    protected Object createJobInstance(final TriggerFiredBundle bundle) throws Exception {

        final Object job = super.createJobInstance(bundle);

        beanFactory.autowireBean(job);

        return job;

    }

}

7、quartz的初始化配置

package com.hongguaninfo.quartz.config;

import com.hongguaninfo.quartz.factory.MyJobFactory;
import org.quartz.Scheduler;
import org.quartz.ee.servlet.QuartzInitializerListener;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertiesFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;
import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Properties;

/**
 * quartz的初始化配置
 * Created by chenqinglong on 2019/2/1 0001.
 */
@Configuration
public class SchedulerConfiguration {

    @Autowired
    private MyJobFactory myJobFactory;

    @Bean(name = "schedulerFactoryBean")
    public SchedulerFactoryBean schedulerFactoryBean() throws IOException {
        //获取配置属性
        PropertiesFactoryBean propertiesFactoryBean = new PropertiesFactoryBean();
        propertiesFactoryBean.setLocation(new ClassPathResource("quartz.properties"));
        //在quartz.properties中的属性被读取并注入后再初始化对象
        propertiesFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet();
        //创建SchedulerFactoryBean
        SchedulerFactoryBean factory = new SchedulerFactoryBean();
        Properties pro = propertiesFactoryBean.getObject();
        factory.setOverwriteExistingJobs(true);
        factory.setAutoStartup(true);
        factory.setQuartzProperties(pro);
        factory.setJobFactory(myJobFactory);
        return factory;
    }

    /**
     * quartz初始化监听器
     * 这个监听器可以监听到工程的启动,在工程停止再启动时可以让已有的定时任务继续进行。
     * 由于我们目前的工程是Spring Boot,没有web.xml的配置方式,
     * 所以我们在上文的SchedulerConfig类中直接注入了这个Bean。
     */
    @Bean
    public QuartzInitializerListener executorListener() {
        return new QuartzInitializerListener();
    }

    /**
     * 通过SchedulerFactoryBean获取Scheduler的实例
     */
    @Bean(name="Scheduler")
    public Scheduler scheduler() throws IOException {
        return schedulerFactoryBean().getScheduler();
    }
}

8、新建service接口

包括:添加任务、修改任务、暂停任务、恢复任务、删除任务、任务列表查询,具体代码如下:

package com.hongguaninfo.quartz.service;

import com.hongguaninfo.hgdf.core.base.BasePage;
import com.hongguaninfo.hgdf.core.utils.StringUtil;
import com.hongguaninfo.hgdf.core.utils.exception.BaseException;
import com.hongguaninfo.hgdf.core.utils.logging.Log;
import com.hongguaninfo.hgdf.core.utils.logging.LogFactory;
import com.hongguaninfo.hgdf.core.utils.page.Page;
import com.hongguaninfo.quartz.dao.QrtzJobDetailsDao;
import com.hongguaninfo.quartz.entity.JobAndTrigger;
import com.hongguaninfo.quartz.entity.QrtzJobDetails;
import com.hongguaninfo.quartz.job.AsyncJob;
import org.quartz.*;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import static org.quartz.SimpleScheduleBuilder.simpleSchedule;

/**
 * Created by chenqinglong on 2019/2/1 0001.
 */
@Service
public class JobService {

    private Log log = LogFactory.getLog(JobService.class);
    @SuppressWarnings("SpringJavaInjectionPointsAutowiringInspection")
    @Autowired
    private SchedulerFactoryBean schedulerFactoryBean;

    @Autowired
    private QrtzJobDetailsDao qrtzJobDetailsDao;

    @Autowired @Qualifier("Scheduler")
    private Scheduler scheduler;

    /**
     * 添加一个定时任务
     * @param jobAndTrigger
     */
    public void addCronJob(JobAndTrigger jobAndTrigger) throws BaseException{
        try {
            Scheduler scheduler = schedulerFactoryBean.getScheduler();
            JobKey jobKey = JobKey.jobKey(jobAndTrigger.getJobName(), jobAndTrigger.getJobGroup());
            JobDetail jobDetail = scheduler.getJobDetail(jobKey);
            if (jobDetail != null) {
                System.out.println("job:" + jobAndTrigger.getJobName() + " 已存在");
            } else {
                //构建job信息
                jobDetail = JobBuilder.newJob((Class)Class.forName(jobAndTrigger.getJobClassName()))
                        .withIdentity(jobAndTrigger.getJobName(), jobAndTrigger.getJobGroup())
                        .withDescription(jobAndTrigger.getDescription())
                        .build();
                //用JopDataMap来传递数据
                jobDetail.getJobDataMap().put("taskData", "hzb-cron-001");


                //表达式调度构建器,首先校验表达式格式
                if (!CronExpression.isValidExpression(jobAndTrigger.getCronExpression())) {
                    throw new BaseException("定时任务规则表达式不正确");
                }
                CronScheduleBuilder scheduleBuilder = CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(jobAndTrigger.getCronExpression());

                //按新的cronExpression表达式构建一个新的trigger
                CronTrigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity(jobAndTrigger.getJobName() + "_trigger", jobAndTrigger.getJobGroup() + "_trigger")
                        .withSchedule(scheduleBuilder)
                        .withDescription(jobAndTrigger.getDescription())
                        .build();
                scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("任务创建失败:", e);
            throw new BaseException(e.getMessage());
        }
    }

    /**
     * 添加异步任务
     * @param jobName
     * @param jobGroup
     */
    public void addAsyncJob(String jobName, String jobGroup, String jobClass) {
        try {
            Scheduler scheduler = schedulerFactoryBean.getScheduler();

            JobKey jobKey = JobKey.jobKey(jobName, jobGroup);
            JobDetail jobDetail = scheduler.getJobDetail(jobKey);
            if (jobDetail != null) {
                System.out.println("job:" + jobName + " 已存在");
            }
            else {
                //构建job信息,在用JobBuilder创建JobDetail的时候,有一个storeDurably()方法,可以在没有触发器指向任务的时候,将任务保存在队列中了。然后就能手动触发了
                jobDetail = JobBuilder.newJob(AsyncJob.class).withIdentity(jobName, jobGroup).storeDurably().build();
                jobDetail.getJobDataMap().put("asyncData","this is a async task");
                Trigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity(jobName + "_trigger", jobGroup + "_trigger") //定义name/group
                        .startNow()//一旦加入scheduler,立即生效
                        .withSchedule(simpleSchedule())//使用SimpleTrigger
                        .build();
                scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

    /**
     * 暂停任务
     * @param jobName
     * @param jobGroup
     */
    public void pauseJob(String jobName, String jobGroup) throws BaseException {
        try {
            Scheduler scheduler = schedulerFactoryBean.getScheduler();
            TriggerKey triggerKey = TriggerKey.triggerKey(jobName + "_trigger", jobGroup + "_trigger");

            scheduler.pauseTrigger(triggerKey);
        } catch (SchedulerException e) {
            log.error("暂停失败:", e);
            throw new BaseException("暂停失败:" + e.getMessage());
        }
    }

    /**
     * 恢复任务
     * @param jobName
     * @param jobGroup
     */
    public void resumeJob(String jobName, String jobGroup) throws BaseException {
        try {
            Scheduler scheduler = schedulerFactoryBean.getScheduler();
            TriggerKey triggerKey = TriggerKey.triggerKey(jobName + "_trigger", jobGroup + "_trigger");
            scheduler.resumeTrigger(triggerKey);
        } catch (SchedulerException e) {
            log.error("恢复失败:", e);
            throw new BaseException("恢复失败:" + e.getMessage());
        }
    }

    /**
     * 修改任务表达式并重新调度
     * @param jobAndTrigger
     */
    public void rescheduleJob(JobAndTrigger jobAndTrigger ) throws BaseException {
        try {
            Scheduler scheduler = schedulerFactoryBean.getScheduler();
            TriggerKey triggerKey = TriggerKey.triggerKey(jobAndTrigger.getJobName() + "_trigger", jobAndTrigger.getJobGroup() + "_trigger");
            // 表达式调度构建器
            CronScheduleBuilder scheduleBuilder = CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(jobAndTrigger.getCronExpression());
            CronTrigger trigger = (CronTrigger) scheduler.getTrigger(triggerKey);
            String oldTime = trigger.getCronExpression();
            if (oldTime.isEmpty() || !oldTime.equals(jobAndTrigger.getCronExpression())){
                //表达式调度构建器,首先校验表达式格式
                if (!CronExpression.isValidExpression(jobAndTrigger.getCronExpression())) {
                    throw new BaseException("定时任务规则表达式不正确");
                }
                // 按新的cronExpression表达式重新构建trigger
                trigger = trigger.getTriggerBuilder().withIdentity(triggerKey).withSchedule(scheduleBuilder).build();
                // 按新的trigger重新设置job执行
                scheduler.rescheduleJob(triggerKey, trigger);
            }
        } catch (SchedulerException e) {
            log.error("修改失败:", e);
            throw new BaseException("修改失败:" + e.getMessage());
        }
    }

    /**
     * 删除job
     * @param jobName
     * @param jobGroup
     */
    public void deleteJob(String jobName, String jobGroup) throws BaseException {
        try {
            Scheduler scheduler = schedulerFactoryBean.getScheduler();
            JobKey jobKey = JobKey.jobKey(jobName,jobGroup);
            scheduler.deleteJob(jobKey);
        } catch (SchedulerException e) {
            log.error("删除失败:", e);
            throw new BaseException("删除失败:" + e.getMessage());
        }

    }

    public List getJobList(BasePage basePage, JobAndTrigger vo,
                                          Map map) throws Exception {
        basePage.setFilters(vo);
        Page page = qrtzJobDetailsDao.pageQuery("getJobAndTriggerList",basePage);
        List list = page.getResult();
        map.put("rows", list);
        map.put("total", page.getTotalCount());
        return list;
    }

    public List getJobAndTriggerList(JobAndTrigger jobAndTrigger){
        List jobAndTriggerList = qrtzJobDetailsDao.getJobAndTriggerList(jobAndTrigger);
        return jobAndTriggerList;
    }

    public JobAndTrigger getJobAndTrigger(JobAndTrigger jobAndTrigger){
        List jobAndTriggerList = qrtzJobDetailsDao.getJobAndTriggerList(jobAndTrigger);
        if (jobAndTriggerList.size() > 0){
            return jobAndTriggerList.get(0);
        }else{
            return new JobAndTrigger();
        }
    }
}

 

9、新建controller

package com.hongguaninfo.quartz.controller;

import com.hongguaninfo.hgdf.core.base.BaseController;
import com.hongguaninfo.hgdf.core.base.BasePage;
import com.hongguaninfo.hgdf.core.templete.OperateTemplete;
import com.hongguaninfo.hgdf.core.utils.exception.BaseException;
import com.hongguaninfo.quartz.entity.JobAndTrigger;
import com.hongguaninfo.quartz.service.JobService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * Created by chenqinglong on 2019/2/1 0001.
 */
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/quartzJob")
public class JobController extends BaseController{
    @Autowired
    private JobService jobService;


    @RequestMapping(value="/job")
    public String job(){
        return "job";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value="/jobDetail/{jobName}/{jobGroup}/{mode}")
    public String jobDetail(@PathVariable String jobName, @PathVariable String jobGroup,
                            @PathVariable String mode,
                            HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
                            Model model){
        JobAndTrigger jobAndTrigger = new JobAndTrigger();
        jobAndTrigger.setJobName(jobName);
        jobAndTrigger.setJobGroup(jobGroup);
        model.addAttribute("job", jobService.getJobAndTrigger(jobAndTrigger));
        model.addAttribute("mode", mode);
        return "job_detail";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/jobList")
    @ResponseBody
    public Map getJobList(final JobAndTrigger vo, final BasePage basePage,
                          HttpServletResponse response, HttpServletRequest request){
        Map map = new HashMap<>();
        try {
            jobService.getJobList(basePage, vo, map);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            LOG.error("任务列表查询错误:", e);
            map.put("success",false);
            map.put("data",e.getStackTrace());
        }
        return map;
    }

    /**
     * 创建cron任务
     * @param jobAndTrigger
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "/addCronJob",method = RequestMethod.POST)
    @ResponseBody
    public Map addCronJob(final JobAndTrigger jobAndTrigger){
        OperateTemplete operateTemplete = new OperateTemplete() {
            @Override
            protected void doSomething() throws BaseException {

                jobService.addCronJob(jobAndTrigger);
            }
        };
        return operateTemplete.operate();
    }

    /**
     * 创建异步任务
     * @param jobName
     * @param jobGroup
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "/async",method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public String startAsyncJob(@RequestParam("jobName") String jobName, @RequestParam("jobGroup") String jobGroup,
                                @RequestParam("jobGroup") String jobClass){
        jobService.addAsyncJob(jobName,jobGroup,jobClass);
        return "create async task success";
    }

    /**
     * 暂停任务
     * @param jobName
     * @param jobGroup
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "/pause",method = RequestMethod.POST)
    @ResponseBody
    public Map pauseJob(@RequestParam("jobName") final String jobName, @RequestParam("jobGroup") final String jobGroup){
        OperateTemplete operateTemplete = new OperateTemplete() {
            @Override
            protected void doSomething() throws BaseException {
                jobService.pauseJob(jobName,jobGroup);
            }
        };
        return operateTemplete.operate();
    }

    /**
     * 恢复任务
     * @param jobName
     * @param jobGroup
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "/resume",method = RequestMethod.POST)
    @ResponseBody
    public Map resumeJob(@RequestParam("jobName") final String jobName, @RequestParam("jobGroup") final String jobGroup){
        OperateTemplete operateTemplete = new OperateTemplete() {
            @Override
            protected void doSomething() throws BaseException {
                jobService.resumeJob(jobName,jobGroup);
            }
        };
        return operateTemplete.operate();
    }

    /**
     * 修改任务
     * @param jobAndTrigger
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "/rescheduleJob",method = RequestMethod.POST)
    @ResponseBody
    public Map rescheduleJob(final JobAndTrigger jobAndTrigger){
        OperateTemplete operateTemplete = new OperateTemplete() {
            @Override
            protected void doSomething() throws BaseException {
                jobService.rescheduleJob(jobAndTrigger);
            }
        };
        return operateTemplete.operate();
    }

    /**
     * 删除务
     * @param jobName
     * @param jobGroup
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "/delete")
    @ResponseBody
    public Map deleteJob(@RequestParam("jobName") final String jobName, @RequestParam("jobGroup") final String jobGroup){
        OperateTemplete operateTemplete = new OperateTemplete() {
            @Override
            protected void doSomething() throws BaseException {
                jobService.deleteJob(jobName,jobGroup);
            }
        };
        return operateTemplete.operate();
    }
}

 

10、新建job:

这里的job仅仅只是打印信息,不做复杂的业务

package com.hongguaninfo.quartz.job;

import com.hongguaninfo.hgdf.core.utils.logging.Log;
import com.hongguaninfo.hgdf.core.utils.logging.LogFactory;
import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;

/**
 * Created by chenqinglong on 2019/2/1 0001.
 */
public class CronJob implements Job {
    private Log log = LogFactory.getLog(CronJob.class);
    @Override
    public void execute(JobExecutionContext jobExecutionContext) throws JobExecutionException {
        log.info("=========================定时任务每5秒执行一次===============================");
        log.info("jobName=====:"+jobExecutionContext.getJobDetail().getKey().getName());
        log.info("jobGroup=====:"+jobExecutionContext.getJobDetail().getKey().getGroup());
        log.info("taskData=====:"+jobExecutionContext.getJobDetail().getJobDataMap().get("taskData"));
    }
}

11、项目部署

发布本地版本

本地调试运行启动方式最终走的是main方法,所以需要把pom.xml中以下三处依赖注释掉:

Springboot + mysql + mybatis 实现quartz集群搭建及job页面管理_第2张图片

Springboot + mysql + mybatis 实现quartz集群搭建及job页面管理_第3张图片

目的是让springboot用其内置tomcat启动,并且能够加载请求jsp页面。

启动方式:

一、进入quartz-job-admin目录,使用mvn spring-boot:run方式启动

二、直接运行spring-boot:run,如图:

Springboot + mysql + mybatis 实现quartz集群搭建及job页面管理_第4张图片

 

注意:由于本人创建的项目结构的问题,在idea中直接运行main方法会出现不能访问jsp页面的问题,相关说明请见本人博客:

https://blog.csdn.net/chen_lay/article/details/86741858

外部tomcat war部署发布

参考博客:https://blog.csdn.net/chen_lay/article/details/87802921  war部署部分

12、创建一个job

项目启动之后打开管理页面,创建一个job,规则为1分钟执行一次CronJob,如下图:

Springboot + mysql + mybatis 实现quartz集群搭建及job页面管理_第5张图片

Springboot + mysql + mybatis 实现quartz集群搭建及job页面管理_第6张图片

 

地址:http://localhost:8083/quartz-job-admin/home

11、执行结果

按第11步,把项目在本地部署一个,在centos linux部署一个,然后监控运行日志,如下图:

服务器一:

Springboot + mysql + mybatis 实现quartz集群搭建及job页面管理_第7张图片

服务器二:

Springboot + mysql + mybatis 实现quartz集群搭建及job页面管理_第8张图片

由执行日志得知:服务器一在按规则执行job,而服务器二一直在监控服务器的调度实例的状态,当服务器二监控到服务器一宕机之后,就会接管任务的执行。

(说明:由于jsp代码比较简单所以在此没有贴出来!!!)

源码地址:https://github.com/1208168209/quartz-job.git

后续补贴链接,或者加QQ:1208168209找本人要

三、job类在线编辑实现

实现思路:

1、页面编辑任务执行类,任务执行类要实现org.quartz.Job,例:

package com.hongguaninfo.quartz.job;

import com.hongguaninfo.hgdf.core.utils.logging.Log;
import com.hongguaninfo.hgdf.core.utils.logging.LogFactory;
import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;

/**
 * Created by chenqinglong on 2019/2/22 0001.
 */
public class GlueJavaJob implements Job {
    private Log log = LogFactory.getLog(GlueJavaJob.class);
    @Override
    public void execute(JobExecutionContext jobExecutionContext) throws JobExecutionException {
        log.info("========================GlueJavaJob任务===============================");
        log.info("jobName=====:"+jobExecutionContext.getJobDetail().getKey().getName());
        log.info("jobGroup=====:"+jobExecutionContext.getJobDetail().getKey().getGroup());
        log.info("taskData=====:"+jobExecutionContext.getJobDetail().getJobDataMap().get("glueType"));
    }
}

2、后台使用groovyClassLoader.parseClass(String text) 将String解析成java,后续再进行实例化。

3、重写StdJDBCDelegate.selectJobDetail()方法修改job类的加载方式

4、修改quartz.properties配置文件,修改org.quartz.jobStore.driverDelegateClass参数的值为重写方法所对应的类,此类要继承StdJDBCDelegateorg.quartz.jobStore.driverDelegateClass:com.hongguaninfo.hgdf.core.glue.StdJDBCDelegateMy

5、页面如下图:

Springboot + mysql + mybatis 实现quartz集群搭建及job页面管理_第9张图片

String解析成java类方法

package com.hongguaninfo.hgdf.core.glue;

import groovy.lang.GroovyClassLoader;
import org.quartz.Job;

/**
 * glue factory, product class/object by name
 *
 * @author
 */
public class GlueFactory {


   private static GlueFactory glueFactory = new GlueFactory();
   public static GlueFactory getInstance(){
      return glueFactory;
   }
   public static void refreshInstance(int type){
      glueFactory = new GlueFactory();
   }


   /**
    * groovy class loader
    */
   private GroovyClassLoader groovyClassLoader = new GroovyClassLoader();


   /**
    * load new instance, prototype
    *
    * @param codeSource
    * @return
    * @throws Exception
    */
   public Job loadNewInstance(String codeSource) throws Exception{
      if (codeSource!=null && codeSource.trim().length()>0) {
         Class clazz = groovyClassLoader.parseClass(codeSource);
         if (clazz != null) {
            Object instance = clazz.newInstance();
            if (instance!=null) {
               if (instance instanceof Job) {
                  this.injectService(instance);
                  return (Job) instance;
               } else {
                  throw new IllegalArgumentException(">>>>>>>>>>> xxl-glue, loadNewInstance error, "
                        + "cannot convert from instance["+ instance.getClass() +"] to IJobHandler");
               }
            }
         }
      }
      throw new IllegalArgumentException(">>>>>>>>>>> xxl-glue, loadNewInstance error, instance is null");
   }

   /**
    * inject service of bean field
    *
    * @param instance
    */
   public void injectService(Object instance) {
      // do something
   }

}

 

重写StdJDBCDDelegate.selectJobDetail

package com.hongguaninfo.hgdf.core.glue;

import com.hongguaninfo.hgdf.core.utils.logging.Log;
import com.hongguaninfo.hgdf.core.utils.logging.LogFactory;
import com.hongguaninfo.quartz.job.CronJob;
import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobDataMap;
import org.quartz.JobDetail;
import org.quartz.JobKey;
import org.quartz.impl.JobDetailImpl;
import org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.StdJDBCDelegate;
import org.quartz.spi.ClassLoadHelper;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Properties;

/**
 * 自定义的jdbc类,重写selectJobDetail,改变加载job class的方式,
 * 继承了org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.StdJDBCDelegate
 * Created by chenqinglong on 2019/2/22 0022.
 */
public class StdJDBCDelegateMy extends StdJDBCDelegate {
    private Log log = LogFactory.getLog(StdJDBCDelegateMy.class);
    @Override
    public JobDetail selectJobDetail(Connection conn, JobKey jobKey, ClassLoadHelper loadHelper) throws ClassNotFoundException, IOException, SQLException {
        PreparedStatement ps = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;

        JobDetailImpl map1;
        try {
            ps = conn.prepareStatement(this.rtp("SELECT * FROM {0}JOB_DETAILS WHERE SCHED_NAME = {1} AND JOB_NAME = ? AND JOB_GROUP = ?"));
            ps.setString(1, jobKey.getName());
            ps.setString(2, jobKey.getGroup());
            rs = ps.executeQuery();
            JobDetailImpl job = null;
            if(rs.next()) {
                job = new JobDetailImpl();
                job.setName(rs.getString("JOB_NAME"));
                job.setGroup(rs.getString("JOB_GROUP"));
                job.setDescription(rs.getString("DESCRIPTION"));
                job.setDurability(this.getBoolean(rs, "IS_DURABLE"));
                job.setRequestsRecovery(this.getBoolean(rs, "REQUESTS_RECOVERY"));
                Map map = null;
                if(this.canUseProperties()) {
                    map = this.getMapFromProperties(rs);
                } else {
                    map = (Map)this.getObjectFromBlob(rs, "JOB_DATA");
                }

                if(null != map) {
                    job.setJobDataMap(new JobDataMap(map));
                }

                if (null != job && null != job.getJobDataMap() && null != job.getJobDataMap().get("glueType") && "GLUE_JAVA".equals(String.valueOf(job.getJobDataMap().get("glueType")))){
                    //根据job参数判断jobClass是项目内置的类还是页面动态编辑的类:
                    // 如果是页面编辑的类,那么修改类的加载方式
                    try {
                job.setJobClass(GlueFactory.getInstance().loadNewInstance(String.valueOf(job.getJobDataMap().get("glueJava"))).getClass());
                    } catch (Exception e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }else {
                    job.setJobClass(loadHelper.loadClass(rs.getString("JOB_CLASS_NAME"), Job.class));
                }
            }

            map1 = job;
        } finally {
            closeResultSet(rs);
            closeStatement(ps);
        }

        return map1;
    }

    private Map getMapFromProperties(ResultSet rs) throws ClassNotFoundException, IOException, SQLException {
        InputStream is = (InputStream)this.getJobDataFromBlob(rs, "JOB_DATA");
        if(is == null) {
            return null;
        } else {
            Properties properties = new Properties();
            if(is != null) {
                try {
                    properties.load(is);
                } finally {
                    is.close();
                }
            }

            Map map = this.convertFromProperty(properties);
            return map;
        }
    }
}

修改quartz.properties

#jdbc类
#org.quartz.jobStore.driverDelegateClass:org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.StdJDBCDelegate
#自定义的jdbc类,重写selectJobDetail,改变加载job class的方式,继承了org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.StdJDBCDelegate
org.quartz.jobStore.driverDelegateClass:com.hongguaninfo.hgdf.core.glue.StdJDBCDelegateMy

执行结果

源码地址:https://github.com/1208168209/quartz-job.git

四、扩展:cron表达式

表达式组成

cron表达式用于配置cronTrigger的实例。cron表达式实际上是由七个子表达式组成。这些表达式之间用空格分隔。

1.Seconds (秒)
2.Minutes(分)
3.Hours(小时)
4.Day-of-Month  (天)
5.Month(月)
6.Day-of-Week (周)
7.Year(年)

例:"0 0 12 ? * WED” 意思是:每个星期三的中午12点执行。

个别子表达式可以包含范围或者列表。例如:上面例子中的WED可以换成"MON-FRI""MON,WED,FRI",甚至"MON-WED,SAT"

各表达式范围:
1.Seconds (0~59)
2.Minutes (0~59)
3.Hours (0~23)
4.Day-of-Month (1~31,
但是要注意有些月份没有31)
5.Month (0~11
,或者"JAN, FEB, MAR, APR, MAY, JUN, JUL, AUG, SEP, OCT, NOV,DEC")
6.Day-of-Week (1~7,1=SUN
或者"SUN, MON, TUE, WED, THU, FRI, SAT”)
7.Year (1970~2099)

 

Cron表达式的格式:秒 (可选)
字段名              允许的值                    允许的特殊字符 
                    0-59                           , - * / 
                    0-59                           , - * / 
小时                  0-23                           , - * / 
                    1-31                            , - * ? / L W C
                    1-12 or JAN-DEC        , - * / 
周几                  1-7 or SUN-SAT         , - * ? / L C # 
(可选字段)     empty                         1970-2099 , - * /

 

字符含义:

:代表所有可能的值。因此,“*”Month中表示每个月,在Day-of-Month中表示每天,在Hours表示每小时

:表示指定范围。

:表示列出枚举值。例如:在Minutes子表达式中,“5,20”表示在5分钟和20分钟触发。

:被用于指定增量。例如:在Minutes子表达式中,“0/15”表示从0分钟开始,每15分钟执行一次。"3/20"表示从第三分钟开始,每20分钟执行一次。和"3,23,43"(表示第32343分钟触发)的含义一样。

:用在Day-of-MonthDay-of-Week中,指没有具体的值。当两个子表达式其中一个被指定了值以后,为了避免冲突,需要将另外一个的值设为“?”。例如:想在每月20日触发调度,不管20号是星期几,只能用如下写法:0 0 0 20 * ?,其中最后以为只能用“?”,而不能用“*”

L :用在day-of-monthday-of-week字串中。它是单词“last”的缩写。它在两个子表达式中的含义是不同的。
day-of-month中,“L”表示一个月的最后一天,一月31号,330号。
day-of-week中,“L”表示一个星期的最后一天,也就是“7”或者“SAT”
如果“L”前有具体内容,它就有其他的含义了。例如:“6L”表示这个月的倒数第六天。“FRIL”表示这个月的最后一个星期五。
注意:在使用“L”参数时,不要指定列表或者范围,这样会出现问题。

W “Weekday”的缩写。只能用在day-of-month字段。用来描叙最接近指定天的工作日(周一到周五)。例如:在day-of-month字段用“15W”最接近这个月第15天的工作日,即如果这个月第15天是周六,那么触发器将会在这个月第14天即周五触发;如果这个月第15天是周日,那么触发器将会在这个月第 16天即周一触发;如果这个月第15天是周二,那么就在触发器这天触发。注意一点:这个用法只会在当前月计算值,不会越过当前月。“W”字符仅能在 day-of-month指明一天,不能是一个范围或列表。也可以用“LW”来指定这个月的最后一个工作日,即最后一个星期五。

# :只能用在day-of-week字段。用来指定这个月的第几个周几。例:在day-of-week字段用"6#3" or "FRI#3"指这个月第3个周五(6指周五,3指第3个)。如果指定的日期不存在,触发器就不会触发。

 

表达式例子:

0 * * * * ? 1分钟触发一次
0 0 * * * ? 每天每1小时触发一次
0 0 10 * * ? 每天10点触发一次
0 * 14 * * ? 在每天下午2点到下午2:59期间的每1分钟触发 
0 30 9 1 * ?
每月1号上午9点半
0 15 10 15 * ? 每月15日上午10:15触发

*/5 * * * * ? 每隔5秒执行一次
0 */1 * * * ? 每隔1分钟执行一次
0 0 5-15 * * ? 每天5-15点整点触发
0 0/3 * * * ? 每三分钟触发一次
0 0-5 14 * * ? 在每天下午2点到下午2:05期间的每1分钟触发 
0 0/5 14 * * ?
在每天下午2点到下午2:55期间的每5分钟触发
0 0/5 14,18 * * ? 在每天下午2点到2:55期间和下午6点到6:55期间的每5分钟触发
0 0/30 9-17 * * ? 朝九晚五工作时间内每半小时
0 0 10,14,16 * * ? 每天上午10点,下午2点,4 

0 0 12 ? * WED
表示每个星期三中午12
0 0 17 ? * TUES,THUR,SAT 每周二、四、六下午五点
0 10,44 14 ? 3 WED 每年三月的星期三的下午2:102:44触发 
0 15 10 ? * MON-FRI
周一至周五的上午10:15触发

0 0 23 L * ? 每月最后一天23点执行一次
0 15 10 L * ? 每月最后一日的上午10:15触发 
0 15 10 ? * 6L
每月的最后一个星期五上午10:15触发 

0 15 10 * * ? 2005 2005
年的每天上午10:15触发 
0 15 10 ? * 6L 2002-2005 2002
年至2005年的每月的最后一个星期五上午10:15触发 
0 15 10 ? * 6#3
每月的第三个星期五上午10:15触发

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