参考了文章：
https://blog.csdn.net/breakso...
https://blog.csdn.net/barry10...
https://blog.csdn.net/elaine_...
https://blog.csdn.net/yuanwow...
https://blog.csdn.net/erdong1...
以及微软的官方文档。
经过比较WinHttp、WinINet、libcurl，我决定用看起来最专精就是给http用的WinHttp，反正需求也很简单，大概不太需要扩展。
需求：发送请求，带有几个value短的参数，和一个value长度不定的参数，并接收返回数据。
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#pragma comment(lib,"winhttp.lib")
#pragma comment(lib,"user32.lib")
using namespace std;
BOOL HttpSend(wchar_t* pwszType, wchar_t* pwszIp, WORD nServerPort, wchar_t* pwcsSourcePath, char* content, char* pszOutData)
//pwszType: http verb
//pwszIp: ip
//pwcsSourcePath: url path
//content: parameters and text
{
DWORD dwSize = 0;
wchar_t* lpHeadBuffer = NULL;
HINTERNET hSession = NULL;
HINTERNET hConnect = NULL;
HINTERNET hRequest = NULL;
BOOL bResults = FALSE;
BOOL bUTF8Code = TRUE;
//Obtain a session handle
hSession = WinHttpOpen(L"User Agent", WINHTTP_ACCESS_TYPE_DEFAULT_PROXY, WINHTTP_NO_PROXY_NAME, WINHTTP_NO_PROXY_BYPASS, 0);
if(!hSession)
{
cout << "Open failed!" << endl;
return FALSE;
}
//Specify an HTTP server with ip and port
hConnect = WinHttpConnect(hSession, pwszIp, nServerPort, 0);
if(!hConnect)
{
cout << "Connect failed!" << endl;
return FALSE;
}
//Create an HTTP request handle
hRequest = WinHttpOpenRequest(hConnect, pwszType, pwcsSourcePath, NULL, WINHTTP_NO_REFERER, WINHTTP_DEFAULT_ACCEPT_TYPES, 0);
if(!hRequest)
{
cout << "Open request failed!" << endl;
return FALSE;
}
//Add header
std::wstring wstrHeader[] = { L"Content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded\r\n"};
WinHttpAddRequestHeaders(hRequest, wstrHeader[0].c_str(), wstrHeader[0].length(), WINHTTP_ADDREQ_FLAG_ADD);
//Send a request
/*USES_CONVERSION;
std::string strExtInfo = CW2A(content, CP_UTF8); //get content
DWORD dwTotal = strExtInfo.length();*/
DWORD dwTotal = strlen(content);
//bResults = WinHttpSendRequest(hRequest, wstrHeader[0].c_str(), wstrHeader[0].length(), WINHTTP_NO_REQUEST_DATA, 0, dwTotal, 0);
bResults = WinHttpSendRequest(hRequest, WINHTTP_NO_ADDITIONAL_HEADERS, 0, WINHTTP_NO_REQUEST_DATA, 0, dwTotal, 0);
if(!bResults)
{
cout << "SendRequest failed!" << endl;
return FALSE;
}
//Write data to the server
bResults = WinHttpWriteData(hRequest, content, dwTotal, NULL);
if(!bResults)
{
cout << "WriteData failed!" << endl;
return FALSE;
}
//End the request, receive response from server
bResults = WinHttpReceiveResponse(hRequest,NULL);
//Get header info
if(bResults)
{
bResults=WinHttpQueryHeaders(hRequest, WINHTTP_QUERY_RAW_HEADERS_CRLF, WINHTTP_HEADER_NAME_BY_INDEX, NULL, &dwSize, WINHTTP_NO_HEADER_INDEX);
//Allocate buffer by header length
if( GetLastError() == ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER)
//If the function fails and ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER is returned, lpdwBufferLength specifies the number of bytes that the application must allocate to receive the string.
{
lpHeadBuffer = new wchar_t[dwSize / sizeof(wchar_t)];
bResults = WinHttpQueryHeaders(hRequest,WINHTTP_QUERY_RAW_HEADERS_CRLF,WINHTTP_HEADER_NAME_BY_INDEX, lpHeadBuffer, &dwSize,WINHTTP_NO_HEADER_INDEX);
}
//Get Content-Type from header to specify encoding
if ( NULL != wcsstr(lpHeadBuffer, L"charset=gbk") )
{
bUTF8Code = FALSE;
}
}
else
{
cout << "Get header failed!" << endl;
}
printf("Header contents: \n%S", lpHeadBuffer);
delete [] lpHeadBuffer;
//Get data from server
LPSTR pszOutBuffer = NULL;
DWORD dwDownloaded = 0;
wchar_t *pwText = NULL;
int nSize = 0;
if (bResults)
{
do
{
//Check for available data to get data size in bytes
dwSize = 0;
if (!WinHttpQueryDataAvailable(hRequest, &dwSize)){
cout << "Error：WinHttpQueryDataAvailable failed：" << GetLastError() << endl;
bResults = FALSE;
break;
}
if (!dwSize)
{
break; //data size 0
}
//Allocate buffer by data size
pszOutBuffer = new char[dwSize + 1];
if (!pszOutBuffer)
{
cout<<"Out of memory."< 0);
if (hRequest) WinHttpCloseHandle(hRequest);
if (hConnect) WinHttpCloseHandle(hConnect);
if (hSession) WinHttpCloseHandle(hSession);
return bResults;
}
} 为了满足UTF-8编码的要求，输入输出还要有ANSI和UTF-8格式的互相转换：
char* Ansi2Utf8(string content)
{
int nLen = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, NULL, content.c_str(), content.length(), NULL, 0);
wchar_t* wszText = new wchar_t[nLen + 1];
nLen = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, NULL, content.c_str(), content.length(), wszText, nLen);
wszText[nLen] = '\0';
nLen = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, NULL, wszText, -1, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
char* contextBuf = new char[nLen];
nLen = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, NULL, wszText, -1, contextBuf, nLen, NULL, NULL);
contextBuf[nLen] = '\0';
return contextBuf;
}
char* Utf82Ansi(char* res)
{
int len = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, res, -1, NULL, 0);
wchar_t* wstr = new wchar_t[len + 1];
memset(wstr, 0, len + 1);
MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, res, -1, wstr, len);
len = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, 0, wstr, -1, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
char* str = new char[len + 1];
memset(str, 0, len + 1);
WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, 0, wstr, -1, str, len, NULL, NULL);
return str;
}最后调用
string text = "xxxx";
string content = "&key=value&..." + text;
//trans ansi text to UTF-8 //Assume that input encoding = UTF-8
char* contextBuf = Ansi2Utf8(content);
wchar_t verb[] = L"POST";
wchar_t ip[] = L"(IP地址)";
WORD port = 端口号;
wchar_t path[] = L"路径";
char res[1000];
memset(res, 0, 1000);
BOOL bRet = HttpSend(verb, ip, port, path, contextBuf, res);
if (!bRet)
{
system("pause");
return -1;
}
char* transText = Utf82Ansi(res);
cout << "Original text: " << text << endl;
cout << "Translation: " << transText << endl;
system("pause");中间掉了无数坑，ANSI转码到UTF-8好像还不是直接的……记录一下。