vim /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
[Unit]
Description=nginx
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
ExecrReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
ExecrStop=/bin/kill -s QUIT $MAINPID
PrivateTmp=true
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
chmod 754 /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
systemctl start nginx.service
systemctl enable nginx.service
vim /etc/init.d/nginx
#!/bin/bash
#chkconfig: - 99 20
#description:Nginx Service Control Script
COM="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
PID="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
case "$1" in
start)
$COM
;;
stop)
kill -s QUIT $(cat $PID)
;;
restart)
$0 stop
$0 start
;;
reload)
kill -s HUP $(cat $PID)
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|reload}"
exit 1
esac
exit 0
chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx
chkconfig --add nginx #添加为系统服务
systemctl stop nginx
systemctl start nginx
vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
#user nobody; #运行用户,若编译时未指定则默认为 nobody
worker_processes 1; #工作进程数量,可配置成服务器内核数 * 2,如果网站访问量不大,一般设为1就够用了
#error_log logs/error.log; #错误日志文件的位置
#pid logs/nginx.pid; #PID 文件的位置
events {
use epoll; #使用 epoll 模型,2.6及以上版本的系统内核,建议使用epoll模型以提高性能
worker_connections 4096; #每个进程处理 4096 个连接,系统默认为1024,可更改
}
http {
##文件扩展名与文件类型映射表
include mime.types;
##默认文件类型
default_type application/octet-stream;
##日志格式设定
#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
##访问日志位置
#access_log logs/access.log main;
##支持文件发送(下载)
sendfile on;
##此选项允许或禁止使用socket的TCP_CORK的选项(发送数据包前先缓存数据),此选项仅在使用sendfile的时候使用
#tcp_nopush on;
##连接保持超时时间,单位是秒
#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;
##gzip模块设置,设置是否开启gzip压缩输出
#gzip on;
##Web 服务的监听配置
server {
##监听地址及端口
listen 80;
##站点域名,可以有多个,用空格隔开
server_name www.ljm.com;
##网页的默认字符集
charset utf-8;
##根目录配置
location / {
##网站根目录的位置/usr/local/nginx/html
root html;
##默认首页文件名
index index.html index.php;
}
##内部错误的反馈页面
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
##错误页面配置
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
}
}
$remote_addr与$http_x_forwarded_for用以记录客户端的ip地址;
$remote_user:用来记录客户端用户名称;
$time_local: 用来记录访问时间与时区;
$request: 用来记录请求的url与http协议;
$status: 用来记录请求状态;成功是200,
$body_bytes_sent :记录发送给客户端文件主体内容大小;
$http_referer:用来记录从哪个页面链接访问过来的;
$http_user_agent:记录客户浏览器的相关信息;
通常web服务器放在反向代理的后面,这样就不能获取到客户的IP地址了,通过$remote_add拿到的IP地址是反向代理服务器的iP地址。反向代理服务器在转发请求的http头信息中,可以增加x_forwarded_for信息,用以记录原有客户端的IP地址和原来客户端的请求的服务器地址。
location常见配置指令,root、alias、proxy_pass
root(根路径配置):请求www.ljm.com/test/1.jpg,会返回文件/usr/local/nginx/html/test/1.jpg
alias(别名配置):请求www.ljm.com/test/1.jpg,会返回文件/usr/local/nginx/html/1.jpg
1、先使用命令/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -V 查看已安装的 Nginx 是否包含 HTTP_STUB_STATUS 模块
2、修改 nginx.conf 配置文件,指定访问位置并添加 stub_status 配置
cd /usr/local/nginx/conf
cp nginx.conf nginx.conf.bak
vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
......
http {
......
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.ljm.com;
charset utf-8;
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.php;
}
##添加 stub_status 配置##
location /status {
#访问位置为/status
stub_status on; #打开状态统计功能
access_log off; #关闭此位置的日志记录
}
}
}
1、生成用户密码认证文件
yum -y install httpd-tools
htpasswd -c /usr/local/nginx/passwd.db qiaodaer
chown nginx /usr/local/nginx/passwd.db
chmod 400 /usr/local/nginx/passwd.db
#修改权限的话需要修改属主,因为文件属主为root,而运行nginx的账号为nginx
2、修改主配置文件相对应目录,添加认证配置项
vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
......
server {
location / {
......
##添加认证配置##
auth_basic "secret";
auth_basic_user_file /usr/local/nginx/passwd.db;
}
}
3、重启服务,访问测试
nginx -t
systemctl restart nginx
浏览器访问 http://192.168.184.70或www.ljm.com
访问控制规则如下:
deny IP/IP 段:拒绝某个 IP 或 IP 段的客户端访问。
allow IP/IP 段:允许某个 IP 或 IP 段的客户端访问。
规则从上往下执行,如匹配则停止,不再往下匹配。
vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
......
server {
location / {
......
##添加控制规则##
deny 192.168.184.31; #拒绝访问的客户端 IP
allow all; #允许其它IP客户端访问
}
}
systemctl restart nginx
方法一:部署DNS域名解析服务器,来提供域名解析(脚本内容)
#!/bin/bash
mount /dev/sr0 /mnt
yum -y install bind &> /dev/null
#修改主配置文件 :/etc/named.conf
sed -i 's/127.0.0.1;/any;/' /etc/named.conf
sed -i 's/localhost;/any;/' /etc/named.conf
for ((;;))
do
read -p "请输入你需要配置的域名(例www.abc.com):" a
b=`echo $a | awk -F "." 'BEGIN{OFS="."}{$2=$2;print$2,$3}'`
c=`ip a | grep "ens33" | awk NR==2'{print}' | awk -F/ '{print$1}' | awk '{print$2}'`
#修改区域配置文件 :/etc/named.rfc1912.zones
echo "zone \"$b\" IN {
type master;
file \"$b.zone\";
allow-update {
none; };
};" >> /etc/named.rfc1912.zones
#修改区域数据配置文件 :/var/named/named.localhost
cd /var/named
cp -p named.localhost $b.zone
sed -i "2c @ IN SOA $b. rname.invalid. (" /var/named/$b.zone
sed -i "8c NS $b." /var/named/$b.zone && sed -i "8 s/^/\t/" /var/named/$b.zone
sed -i "9c A $c" /var/named/$b.zone && sed -i "9 s/^/\t/" /var/named/$b.zone
sed -i "10c www IN A $c" /var/named/$b.zone
#添加指定dns服务器
sed -i "2c nameserver $c" /etc/resolv.conf
read -p "是否需要继续添加(y/n):" d
case $d in
y)
continue
;;
n)
#关闭系统防火墙和系统安全机制
systemctl stop firewalld
setenforce 0
#开启dns服务
systemctl restart named
break
;;
*)
echo "请正确输入"
systemctl stop firewalld
setenforce 0
systemctl restart named
break
esac
done
方法二:在 /etc/hosts 文件中临时配置域名与IP地址的映射
echo "192.168.184.70 www.wangdaer.com www.qiaodaer.com" >> /etc/hosts
mkdir -p /var/www/html/qiaodaer
mkdir -p /var/www/html/wangdaer
echo "www.qiaodaer.com
" > /var/www/html/qiaodaer/index.html
echo "www.wangdaer.com
" > /var/www/html/wangdaer/index.html
vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
......
http {
......
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.qiaodaer.com; #设置域名www.qiaodaer.com
charset utf-8;
access_log logs/www.qiaodaer.access.log;
location / {
root /var/www/html/qiaodaer; #设置www.qiaodaer.com 的工作目录
index index.html index.php;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = 50x.html{
root html;
}
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.wangdaer.com; #设置域名www.wangdaer.com
charset utf-8;
access_log logs/www.wangdaer.access.log;
location / {
root /var/www/html/wangdaer;
index index.html index.php;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = 50x.html{
root html;
}
}
}
ifconfig ens33:0 192.168.184.31 netmask 255.255.255.0
vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
......
http {
......
server {
listen 192.168.184.70:80; #设置监听地址
server_name www.wangdaer.com;
charset utf-8;
access_log logs/www.wangdaer.access.log;
location / {
root /var/www/html/wangdaer;
index index.html index.php;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = 50x.html{
root html;
}
}
server {
listen 192.168.184.170:80; #设置监听地址
server_name www.qiaodaer.com;
charset utf-8;
access_log logs/www.qiaodaer.access.log;
location / {
root /var/www/html/qiaodaer;
index index.html index.php;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = 50x.html{
root html;
}
}
}
systemctl restart nginx
vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
......
http {
......
server {
listen 192.168.184.70:666; #设置监听 666 端口
server_name www.qiaodaer.com;
charset utf-8;
access_log logs/www.qiaodaer.access.log;
location / {
root /var/www/html/qiaodaer;
index index.html index.php;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = 50x.html{
root html;
}
}
server {
listen 192.168.184.70:888; #设置监听 888 端口
server_name www.wangdaer.com;
charset utf-8;
access_log logs/www.wangdaer.access.log;
location / {
root /var/www/html/wangdaer;
index index.html index.php;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = 50x.html{
root html;
}
}
systemctl restart nginx