android studio mac_最新Mac安装Flutter全过程

Flutter想完全跑起来需要具备 Android Studio 、 Xcode 、CocoaPods 、Flutter SDK 缺一不可。所以我会在下面详细介绍安装过程。。

Mac版本：MacOS Catalina 10.15.3 (19D76)
Java版本：检测java版本如果低于1.8或者没有java环境请前往官网下载

 java --version

一、安装Flutter SDK

直接在Flutter官网 中下载当前最新的SDK。
划重点：压缩包下载好以后，找个位置进行解压。这个位置很重要，因为下面配置环境变量的时候要用到。我配置到了当前用户目录文件夹

1. 打开终端工具，使用vim进行配置环境变量， 命令如下：

vim ~/.bash_profile

( 如果对vim使用不熟练的小伙伴，可以自行下载Sublime或者其他编辑器直接打开编辑 )

2. 添加Flutter环境变量

export 

( 以上代码，其中第一行是你flutter解压的位置，另外两行是为了解决国内访问flutter慢的问题，一定要添加，不然就无法使用 )

3. 配置完成，使用soucre重新加载

source ~/.bash_profile

4. 进行到这里我们执行 flutter doctor 出现如下界面证明我们Flutter SDK已经安装成功了

[✓] Flutter (Channel stable, v1.12.13+hotfix.8, on Mac OS X 10.15.3 19D76,
    locale zh-Hans-CN)
[✗] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices
    ✗ Unable to locate Android SDK.
      Install Android Studio from:
      https://developer.android.com/studio/index.html
      On first launch it will assist you in installing the Android SDK
      components.
      (or visit https://flutter.dev/setup/#android-setup for detailed
      instructions).
      If the Android SDK has been installed to a custom location, set
      ANDROID_HOME to that location.
      You may also want to add it to your PATH environment variable.

[✗] Xcode - develop for iOS and macOS
    ✗ Xcode installation is incomplete; a full installation is necessary for iOS
      development.
      Download at: https://developer.apple.com/xcode/download/
      Or install Xcode via the App Store.
      Once installed, run:
        sudo xcode-select --switch /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer
        sudo xcodebuild -runFirstLaunch
    ✗ CocoaPods not installed.
        CocoaPods is used to retrieve the iOS and macOS platform side's plugin
        code that responds to your plugin usage on the Dart side.
        Without CocoaPods, plugins will not work on iOS or macOS.
        For more info, see https://flutter.dev/platform-plugins
      To install:
        sudo gem install cocoapods
[!] Android Studio (not installed)
[!] Connected device
    ! No devices available

! Doctor found issues in 4 categories.

二、Android Studio安装以及SDK

1. 下载Android Studio

前往官网选择Mac版本下载按照提示安装即可。

2. 打开Studio选择 SDK Manager

3. 请在此处配置好SDK目录，Android Studio会自动帮你下载SDK到该目录

4. 配置 Android SDK环境变量

export ANDROID_HOME="/Users/douyar/Library/Android"
export PATH=${PATH}:${ANDROID_HOME}/tools/bin
export PATH=${PATH}:${ANDROID_HOME}/platform-tools

5. 执行soucre更新加载

source ~/.bash_profile

6.执行 flutter doctor --android-licenses 同意相关协议

A newer version of the Android SDK is required. To update, run:
/Users/douyar/Library/Android/tools/bin/sdkmanager --update

出现这个我们执行

/Users/douyar/Library/Android/tools/bin/sdkmanager --update

Warning: Could not create settings
java.lang.IllegalArgumentException
	at com.android.sdklib.tool.sdkmanager.SdkManagerCliSettings.(SdkManagerCliSettings.java:428)
	at com.android.sdklib.tool.sdkmanager.SdkManagerCliSettings.createSettings(SdkManagerCliSettings.java:152)
	at com.android.sdklib.tool.sdkmanager.SdkManagerCliSettings.createSettings(SdkManagerCliSettings.java:134)
	at com.android.sdklib.tool.sdkmanager.SdkManagerCli.main(SdkManagerCli.java:57)
	at com.android.sdklib.tool.sdkmanager.SdkManagerCli.main(SdkManagerCli.java:48)
Usage:

出现这个问题，踩坑点！！！！！
Android Studio 安装SDK时，tools文件夹下是空的，需要我们手动来安装。

安装到这里，你的Android Studio和SDK 已经可以使用了，如果出现以上这个现象记得再次运行 flutter doctor --android-licenses 一直按y 同意下去即可

还需要在 Android Studio -> Plugins 下安装 Flutter 和 Dart 插件。

三、Xcode、CocoaPods 安装

1. Xcode 不用多说了，下伙伴们直接商店下载下就可以了。

2. CocoaPods

sudo gem install cocoapods

本地如果无法下载请使用国内镜像即可。方法如下

移除官方镜像

gem sources --remove https://rubygems.org/

添加国内镜像源

gem sources --add https://gems.ruby-china.com/

查看当前镜像地址

gem sources -l

如果出现下面就证明添加成功了，再次执行sudo gem install cocoapods即可

*** CURRENT SOURCES ***

https://gems.ruby-china.com/

四、模拟器

执行后出现IOS模拟器那么我们的安装就全部完成了。

open -a simulator

最后

flutter doctor

Doctor summary (to see all details, run flutter doctor -v):
[✓] Flutter (Channel stable, v1.12.13+ hotfix.8, on Mac OS X 10.15.3 19D76,
    locale zh-Hans-CN)
 
[✓] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices (Android SDK version 29.0.3)
[✓] Xcode - develop for iOS and macOS (Xcode 11.3.1)
[✓] Android Studio (version 3.6)
[✓] Connected device (1 available)

• No issues found!

执行上面命令我们可以看到所有步骤已经全部完成安装 Flutter所需要的环境和类库支持，接下来就开启Flutter的大门吧～