LAMP架构升级版--LNMMP
简介
LNMMP=Linux+Nginx+MySQL+Memcache+PHP；
利用Nginx的高性能特点做前端反向代理服务器，分发用户请求，并在能够利用缓存的地方使用Memcache缓存服务，以加速缓存效率，具体架构图如下；
具体部署
代理层：Nginx
编译安装Nginx
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yum
install
gcc openssl-devel pcre-devel zlib-devel
groupadd -r nginx
useradd
-r -g nginx -M nginx
.
/configure
\
--prefix=
/usr/local/nginx
\
--sbin-path=
/usr/sbin/nginx
\
--conf-path=
/etc/nginx/nginx
.conf \
--error-log-path=
/var/log/nginx/error
.log \
--http-log-path=
/var/log/nginx/access
.log \
--pid-path=
/var/run/nginx/nginx
.pid \
--lock-path=
/var/lock/nginx
.lock \
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-http_flv_module \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module \
--http-client-body-temp-path=
/var/tmp/nginx/client/
\
--http-proxy-temp-path=
/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/
\
--http-fastcgi-temp-path=
/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/
\
--http-uwsgi-temp-path=
/var/tmp/nginx/uwsgi
\
--http-scgi-temp-path=
/var/tmp/nginx/scgi
\
--with-pcre
make
&&
make
install
vi
/etc/init
.d
/nginx
# 编辑服务脚本
#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
# proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx
# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid
# Source function library.
.
/etc/rc
.d
/init
.d
/functions
# Source networking configuration.
.
/etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up.
[
"$NETWORKING"
=
"no"
] &&
exit
0
nginx=
"/usr/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(
basename
$nginx)
NGINX_CONF_FILE=
"/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"
[ -f
/etc/sysconfig/nginx
] && .
/etc/sysconfig/nginx
lockfile=
/var/lock/subsys/nginx
make_dirs() {
# make required directories
user=`nginx -V 2>&1 |
grep
"configure arguments:"
|
sed
's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g'
-`
options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 |
grep
'configure arguments:'
`
for
opt
in
$options;
do
if
[ `
echo
$opt |
grep
'.*-temp-path'
` ];
then
value=`
echo
$opt |
cut
-d
"="
-f 2`
if
[ ! -d
"$value"
];
then
# echo "creating" $value
mkdir
-p $value &&
chown
-R $user $value
fi
fi
done
}
start() {
[ -x $nginx ] ||
exit
5
[ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] ||
exit
6
make_dirs
echo
-n $
"Starting $prog: "
daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -
eq
0 ] &&
touch
$lockfile
return
$retval
}
stop() {
echo
-n $
"Stopping $prog: "
killproc $prog -QUIT
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -
eq
0 ] &&
rm
-f $lockfile
return
$retval
}
restart() {
configtest ||
return
$?
stop
sleep
1
start
}
reload() {
configtest ||
return
$?
echo
-n $
"Reloading $prog: "
killproc $nginx -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
}
force_reload() {
restart
}
configtest() {
$nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}
rh_status() {
status $prog
}
rh_status_q() {
rh_status >
/dev/null
2>&1
}
case
"$1"
in
start)
rh_status_q &&
exit
0
$1
;;
stop)
rh_status_q ||
exit
0
$1
;;
restart|configtest)
$1
;;
reload)
rh_status_q ||
exit
7
$1
;;
force-reload)
force_reload
;;
status)
rh_status
;;
condrestart|try-restart)
rh_status_q ||
exit
0
;;
*)
echo
$
"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
exit
2
esac
|
配置Nginx
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upstream memcached {
server 172.16.25.111:11211;
keepalive 1024;
}
upstream webserver {
server 172.16.25.112:80;
server 172.16.25.113:80;
}
upstream phpserver {
server 172.16.25.112:9000;
server 172.16.25.113:9000;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name xxrenzhe.lnmmp.com;
access_log
/var/log/nginx/lnmmp
.access.log;
error_log
/var/log/nginx/lnmmp
.errors.log notice;
root
/www/lnmmp
.com;
index index.php index.html;
location / {
set
$memcached_key $request_uri;
add_header X-mem-key $memcached_key;
memcached_pass memcached;
default_type
test
/html
;
error_page 404 500 502 504 = @webnocache;
}
location @webnocache {
rewrite ^(\/)?$
/index
.php last;
# 配置直接访问域名或IP地址时，重定向至index.php文件
rewrite ^/.*$
/set_mem
.php?$request_uri last;
# 将静态访问重定向至后端set_mem.php，以实现set memcache的功能
proxy_pass http:
//webserver
;
}
location ~* \.php(\?.*)?$ {
fastcgi_pass phpserver;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
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启动服务
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chmod
+x
/etc/init
.d
/nginx
chkconfig --add nginx
chkconfig nginx on
service nginx start
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缓存层：Memcache+NFS
安装配置memcache
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# 安装libevent
tar
xf libevent-2.0.21-stable.
tar
.gz
cd
libevent-2.0.21
.
/configure
--prefix=
/usr/local/libevent
make
&&
make
install
echo
"/usr/local/libevent/lib"
>
/etc/ld
.so.conf.d
/libevent
.conf
ldconfig
# 安装memcache
tar
xf memcached-1.4.15.
tar
.gz
cd
memcached-1.4.15
.
/configure
--prefix=
/usr/local/memcached
--with-libevent=
/usr/local/libevent
make
&&
make
install
# 编辑服务脚本 # 一次启动了2个memcache实例，一个用于Nginx，一个用于后端PHP服务
vi
/etc/init
.d
/memcached
#!/bin/bash
#
# Init file for memcached
#
# chkconfig: - 86 14
# description: Distributed memory caching daemon
#
# processname: memcached
# config: /etc/sysconfig/memcached
.
/etc/rc
.d
/init
.d
/functions
## Default variables
PORT1=
"11211"
PORT2=
"11311"
USER=
"nobody"
MAXCONN=
"1024"
CACHESIZE=
"64"
OPTIONS=
""
RETVAL=0
prog=
"/usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached"
desc=
"Distributed memory caching"
lockfile1=
"/var/lock/subsys/memcached_$PORT1"
lockfile2=
"/var/lock/subsys/memcached_$PORT2"
start() {
echo
-n $
"Starting $desc (memcached): "
daemon $prog -d -p $PORT1 -u $USER -c $MAXCONN -m $CACHESIZE -o
"$OPTIONS"
daemon $prog -d -p $PORT2 -u $USER -c $MAXCONN -m $CACHESIZE -o
"$OPTIONS"
RETVAL=$?
[ $RETVAL -
eq
0 ] && success &&
touch
$lockfile1 &&
touch
$lockfile2 || failure
echo
return
$RETVAL
}
stop() {
echo
-n $
"Shutting down $desc (memcached): "
killproc $prog
RETVAL=$?
[ $RETVAL -
eq
0 ] && success &&
rm
-f $lockfile1 &&
rm
-f $lockfile2 | failure
echo
return
$RETVAL
}
restart() {
stop
start
}
reload() {
echo
-n $
"Reloading $desc ($prog): "
killproc $prog -HUP
RETVAL=$?
[ $RETVAL -
eq
0 ] && success || failure
echo
return
$RETVAL
}
case
"$1"
in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
restart)
restart
;;
condrestart)
[ -e $lockfile1 ] && [ -e $lockfile1 ] && restart
RETVAL=$?
;;
reload)
reload
;;
status)
status $prog
RETVAL=$?
;;
*)
echo
$
"Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|condrestart|status}"
RETVAL=1
esac
exit
$RETVAL
|
启动memcache服务
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chmod
+x
/etc/init
.d
/memcached
chkconfig --add memcached
chkconfig memcached on
service memcached start
|
安装配置NFS
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yum -y
install
nfs-utils
vi
/etc/exports
/www/lnmmp
.com 172.16.0.0
/16
(rw,no_root_squash)
exportfs -ar
# 导出NFS共享目录
cd
/www/lnmmp
.com
unzip phpwind_v9.0_utf8.zip
mv
phpwind_v9.0_utf8
/upload/
* .
chmod
-R 777 attachment conf data html res src themes windid
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Web层：Apache
Apache的安装见博客“httpd-2.4编译安装及新特性详解”；
PHP-fpm的安装见博客“LAMP-PHP-fpm服务器配置”；
PHP加速器opcache的安装配置见博客“LAMP-各PHP加速器性能剖析”；
配置PHP支持memcache
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tar
xf memcache-2.2.5.tgz
cd
memcache-2.2.5
/usr/local/php/bin/phpize
.
/configure
--with-php-config=
/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
--
enable
-memcache
make
&&
make
install
# 上述安装完后会有类似这样的提示：
Installing shared extensions:
/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20090626/
vi
/usr/local/php/lib/php
.ini
# 配置memcache模块位置及php会话保存至memcache中
extension=
/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20090626/memcache
.so
session.save_handler = memcache
session.save_path =
"tcp://172.16.25.111:11311"
# 自定义set memcache的程序
vi
/www/lnmmp
.com
/set_mem
.php
$fn =
dirname
(__FILE__).$_SERVER[
'QUERY_STRING'
];
if
(file_exists($fn)) {
$data = file_get_contents($fn);
$mem = new Memcache();
$mem->connect(
"172.16.25.111"
,11311) or die(
"Could not connect"
);
$mem->
set
($_SERVER[
'QUERY_STRING'
],$data,0,600) or die(
"Failed to save data at the memcached server"
);
header(
'Content-Length: '
.filesize($fn).
"\r\n"
);
header(
'Content-Type: text/html'
.
"\r\n"
);
header(
'X-cache: MISS'
.
"\r\n"
);
print
"$data"
;
}
else
{
header(
'Location: http://xxrenzhe.lnmmp.com'
.
"\r\n"
);
header(
'Content-Length: '
.filesize($fn).
"\r\n"
);
header(
'X-cache: '
.$fn.
"\r\n"
);
}
?>
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Apache配置
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vi
/etc/httpd/httpd
.conf
# DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/htdocs" # 注释掉此行
Include
/etc/httpd/extra/httpd-vhosts
.conf
# 取消此行注释
vi
/etc/httpd/extra/httpd-vhosts
.conf
DocumentRoot
"/www/lnmmp.com"
ServerName xxrenzhe.lnmmp.com
ErrorLog
"logs/lnmmp.com-error_log"
CustomLog
"logs/lnmmp.com-access_log"
common
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
Require all granted
<
/Directory
>
<
/VirtualHost
>
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NFS目录挂载
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mount
-t nfs 172.16.25.111:
/www/lnmmp
.com
/www/lnmmp
.com
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服务启动
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service httpd start
service php-fpm start
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数据库层：Ameoba+MariaDB
MariaDB的安装详见博客“MySQL初识-架构-安装-初始化-连接-管理工具-数据文件”；
MariaDB的主从复制架构配置见博客“Maria10实现主从复制架构及SSL复制”；
Ameoba安装见“http://docs.hexnova.com/amoeba/index.html”；
Ameoba实现读写分离见“http://docs.hexnova.com/amoeba/rw-splitting.html”
测试验证
Nginx利用memcache缓存小静态文件测试效果
Nginx利用memcache缓存大静态文件测试效果
PHP利用memcache保存session数据测试效果
本文转自 xxrenzhe11 51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/xxrenzhe/1403784，如需转载请自行联系原作者